The Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) sat from 10 February 1934 until the convening of the 18th Congress on 10 March 1939. Its 1st Plenary Session elected the Politburo, Secretariat and Orgburo. The 17th Congress was labelled the "Congress of Victors" to mark the success of the first five-year plan and the collectivization of agriculture. The CC 1st Plenary Session elected Joseph Stalin General Secretary of the Central Committee, and Lazar Kaganovich continued to serve as Stalin's deputy, an informal post referred to by Sovietologists as Second Secretary, and was empowered to manage party business and sign Politburo resolutions when Stalin was away from Moscow.
Central Committee of the 17th Congress | |
---|---|
![]() A scene from the 17th Congress | |
10 February 1934 – 22 March 1939 | |
Leadership | |
General Secretary | Joseph Stalin |
Second Secretary | Lazar Kaganovich (1934–1935) |
Inner-groups | Politburo: 12 full & 5 candidates Secretariat: 6 members Orgburo: 12 full & 2 candidates |
Candidates | |
Apparatus | |
No. of departments | 12 |
This Central Committee composition saw the de-formalisation of politics; for example, the number of Politburo meetings was reduced to 16 for the year of 1934. Politburo decisions were made either by polling the members or informal meeting between Stalin and other Politburo members. According to Ukrainian historian Oleg Khlevniuk the "procedures followed by the Politburo became increasingly simplified as it was transformed from a collective body into an appendage of a decision-making system that rested on Stalin's sole authority. According to Vadim Rogovin, "During the period of the Great Purge, the rights of the Central Committee and its members were restricted even more", noting that CC members lost the right to attend Politburo sessions or being informed on the decisions taken by the Politburo, Secretariat or the Orgburo. When looking back, Nikita Khrushchev lamented the situation; "by 1938, the earlier democracy in the Central Committee had already been greatly undermined. For instance, as a candidate member of the Politburo, I did not receive materials of our sessions. ... I received only the material which Stalin sent to me on his own orders."
Of the 139 full members and candidate members elected at the 17th Party Congress, 98 people were killed in the period 1936–1940. Of these 44 (out of 71) were full members, while 55 (out of 68) were candidate members. Of those arrested, over 80 percent of them were below the age of 50. When the 18th Party Congress convened in 1939, 31 individuals remained in the Central Committee. Of these, seven were not reelected, and of them five were pensioned or relieved of leading offices (Grigory Petrovsky, Gleb Krzhizhanovsky, Grigory Broydo, and ) while Tikhon Yurkin and Avraami Zavenyagin were reelected to the CC at the 19th Party Congress (in 1952) and the 20th Party Congress (in 1956) respectively. Of the 24 reelected at the 18th Party Congress, four would be subject to violent repression (Mikhail Kaganovich in 1941, Solomon Lozovsky in 1952, Lavrentiy Beria in 1953 and Mir Jafar Baghirov in 1956). Klavdiya Nikolayeva became the only CC member who had previously been active in intra-party opposition to survive the purge.
When asked in an interview how the Central Committee approved its own destruction (the decision to expel a member from the CC or for a member to be arrested by the authorities had to be approved by the CC itself through a plenary session), Vyacheslav Molotov replied; "In the first place, on democratic centralism—Listen, it did not happen that a minority expelled a majority. It happened gradually. Seventy expelled 10–15 people, then 60 expelled another 15. All in line with majority and minority. ... Essentially, it happened that a minority of the composition of the TsK [CC] remained of this majority, but without formal violation [of democratic centralism]." According to J. Arch Getty and Oleg Naumov the CC "In the name of party unity and with a desperate feeling of corporate self-preservation, the nomenklatura committed suicide." However, there were some within the CC who breached party tradition and spoke against the purges, such as Grigory Kaminsky and Osip Piatnitsky for example.
Plenums
The CC was not a permanent institution. The CC was convened for fourteen plenary sessions between the 17th Congress and the 18th Congress. When the CC was not in session, decision-making powers were transferred to inner bodies of the CC itself; the Politburo, Secretariat and Orgburo (none of these bodies were permanent either, but convened to decide on crucial matters).
Plenum | Date | Length |
---|---|---|
1st Plenary Session | 10 February 1934 | 1 day |
2nd Plenary Session | 29 June – 1 July 1934 | 3 days |
3rd Plenary Session | 25–28 November 1934 | 4 days |
4th Plenary Session | 1 February 1935 | 1 day |
5th Plenary Session | 28 February 1935 | 1 day |
6th Plenary Session | 5–7 June 1935 | 3 days |
7th Plenary Session | 21–25 December 1935 | 5 days |
8th Plenary Session | 1–4 June 1936 | 4 days |
9th Plenary Session | 4, 7 July 1936 | 2 days |
10th Plenary Session | 23 February – 5 March 1937 | 12 days |
11th Plenary Session | 26–29 June 1937 | 4 days |
12th Plenary Session | 11–12 October 1937 | 2 days |
13th Plenary Session | 11, 14, 18, 20 January 1938 | 4 days |
14th Plenary Session | 9–11 January 1938 | 3 days |
Apparatus
Individuals employed by Central Committee's bureaus, departments and newspapers made up the apparatus between the 17th Congress and the 18th Congress. The bureaus and departments were supervised by the Secretariat, and each secretary (member of the Secretariat) supervised a specific department. The leaders of departments were officially referred to as Heads, while the titles of bureau leaders varied between chairman, first secretary and secretary.
Institution | Leader | Cyrillic | Took office | Left office | Length of tenure | Nationality | Gender |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Administrator of Affairs | Timofey Samsonov | Тимофей Самсонов | 10 February 1934 | 1935 | 1 year and 111 days | Russian | Male |
Ivan Lychov | Иван Лычев | 1935 | May 1938 | 3 years and 120 days | Russian | Male | |
Дмитрий Крупин | May 1938 | 22 March 1939 | 325 days | Russian | Male | ||
Agriculture Department | Andrei Zhdanov | Андрей Жданов | 3 March 1934 | 10 April 1934 | 38 days | Russian | Male |
Yakov Yakovlev | Я́ков Я́ковлев | 10 April 1934 | 1936 | 2 years and 52 days | Ukrainian | Male | |
Bolshevik | Aleksei Stetskii | Алексе́й Сте́цкий | 10 February 1934 | 26 April 1938 | 4 years and 55 days | Ukrainian | Male |
Cultural and Educational Work Department | Alexander Shcherbakov | Алекса́ндр Щербако́в | 13 May 1935 | 1936 | 1 year and 19 days | Russian | Male |
Алексей Ангаров | 1936 | July 1937 | 1 year and 30 days | Russian | Male | ||
Industrial Department | Nikolai Yezhov | Николай Ежов | 3 March 1934 | 3 March 1935 | 1 year and 0 days | Russian | Male |
Andrey Andreyev | Андрей Андреев | 3 March 1935 | 13 May 1937 | 2 years and 71 days | Russian | Male | |
Михаил Целищев | 13 May 1937 | September 1937 | 111 days | Russian | Male | ||
Leninist Culture and Propaganda Department | Aleksei Stetskii | Алексей Стецкий | 10 February 1934 | 13 May 1935 | 1 year and 92 days | Russian | Male |
Planning, Finance and Trade Department | Andrei Zhdanov | Андрей Жданов | 10 April 1934 | 1934 | 235 days | Russian | Male |
Karl Bauman | Карл Бауман | 1934 | 20 January 1938 | 4 years and 19 days | Latvian | Male | |
Political-Administrative Department | Яков Брезановский | 10 March 1934 | February 1935 | 328 days | Polish | Male | |
Osip Piatnitsky | Осип Пятницкий | 19 August 1935 | 7 July 1937 | 1 year and 322 days | Russian | Male | |
Pravda | Lev Mekhlis | Лев Мехлис | 10 February 1934 | 4 September 1937 | 3 years and 206 days | Ukrainian | Male |
Press and Publications Department | Борис Таль | 13 May 1935 | 4 September 1937 | 2 years and 114 days | Azerbaijani | Male | |
Lev Mekhlis | Лев Мехлис | 4 September 1937 | 2 January 1938 | 120 days | Ukrainian | Male | |
Александр Никитин | 2 January 1938 | 21 November 1938 | 323 days | Russian | Male | ||
Propaganda Department | Aleksei Stetskii | Алексей Стецкий | 13 May 1935 | 26 April 1938 | 2 years and 348 days | Russian | Male |
Andrei Zhdanov | Андрей Жданов | 21 November 1938 | 22 March 1939 | 121 days | Russian | Male | |
Science and Scientific-technological Discoveries Department | Karl Bauman | Карл Бауман | 13 May 1935 | 14 April 1937 | 1 year and 336 days | Latvian | Male |
School Department | Boris Volin | Борис Волин | 13 May 1935 | 1936 | 1 year and 19 days | Russian | Male |
Special Sector | Alexander Poskrebyshev | Александр Поскрёбышев | 10 February 1934 | 22 March 1939 | 5 years and 40 days | Russian | Male |
Transportation Department | Lazar Kaganovich | Лазарь Каганович | 10 March 1934 | 9 July 1935 | 1 year and 121 days | Russian | Male |
Nikolai Zimin | Николай Зимин | 9 July 1935 | 10 September 1938 | 3 years and 63 days | Russian | Male |
Composition
Members
Name | Cyrillic | 16th CC | 18th CC | Birth | Death | PM | Nationality | Gender | Portrait |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Пётр Алексеев | Old | Removed | 1877 | 1936 | 1914 | Russian | Male | — | |
Andrey Andreyev | Андрей Андреев | Old | Reelected | 1895 | 1971 | 1914 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolay Antipov | Николай Антипов | Old | Removed | 1894 | 1938 | 1912 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Aleksei Badayev | Алексей Бадаев | Old | Reelected | 1883 | 1951 | 1904 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Mir Jafar Baghirov | Мир Багиров | Promoted | Reelected | 1896 | 1956 | 1917 | Azerbaijani | Male | ![]() |
Vsevolod Balitsky | Всеволод Балицкий | New | Removed | 1892 | 1937 | 1915 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Karl Bauman | Карл Бауман | Old | Removed | 1892 | 1937 | 1907 | Latvian | Male | — |
Lavrentiy Beria | Лавре́нтий Бе́рия | New | Reelected | 1899 | 1953 | 1917 | Georgian | Male | |
Vasily Blyukher | Василий Блюхер | Promoted | Arrested | 1899 | 1938 | 1916 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Andrei Bubnov | Андрей Бубнов | Old | Removed | 1884 | 1938 | 1903 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolai Bulganin | Николай Булганин | Promoted | Reelected | 1895 | 1975 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Anton Bulin | Антон Булин | Promoted | Removed | 1894 | 1938 | 1914 | Russian | Male | — |
Mikhail Chernov | Михаил Чернов | New | Removed | 1891 | 1938 | 1920 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Vlas Chubar | Влас Чубар | Old | Arrested | 1891 | 1939 | 1907 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Mikhail Chudov | Михаил Чудов | Old | Removed | 1893 | 1937 | 1913 | Russian | Male | — |
Михаил Чувырин | Old | Not | 1883 | 1947 | 1903 | Russian | Male | — | |
Robert Eikhe | Роберт Эйхе | Old | Arrested | 1890 | 1940 | 1905 | Latvian | Male | ![]() |
Avel Enukidze | А́вель Енуки́дзе | Old | Removed | 1877 | 1937 | 1898 | Georgian | Male | — |
Yan Gamarnik | Ян Гамарник | Old | Suicide | 1894 | 1937 | 1916 | Ukrainian | Male | — |
Vladimir Ivanov | Владимир Иванов | Candidate | Removed | 1893 | 1938 | 1915 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Akmal Ikramov | Акмаль Икрамов | Candidate | Removed | 1898 | 1938 | 1918 | Uzbek | Male | |
Uraz Isayev | Ураз Исаев | Candidate | Removed | 1899 | 1938 | 1920 | Kazakh | Male | — |
Иван Кабаков | Old | Removed | 1891 | 1937 | 1914 | Russian | Male | — | |
Lazar Kaganovich | Лазарь Каганович | Old | Reelected | 1893 | 1991 | 1911 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Mikhail Kaganovich | Михаил Каганович | New | Reelected | 1888 | 1941 | 1905 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Mikhail Kalinin | Михаил Калинин | Old | Reelected | 1875 | 1946 | 1898 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Lavrentiy Kartvelishvili | Лаврентий Картвелишвили | Candidate | Removed | 1890 | 1938 | 1910 | Georgian | Male | ![]() |
Mendel Khatayevich | Мендель Хатаевич | Old | Removed | 1893 | 1937 | 1913 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikita Khrushchev | Никита Хрущёв | New | Reelected | 1894 | 1971 | 1918 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Sergey Kirov | Серге́й Ки́ров | Old | Murder | 1886 | 1934 | 1904 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Vilhelm Knorin | Вильгельм Кнорин | Old | Removed | 1890 | 1938 | 1910 | Latvian | Male | ![]() |
Ivan Kodatsky | Иван Кодацкий | Old | Removed | 1893 | 1937 | 1914 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Alexander Kosarev | Александр Косарев | Candidate | Arrested | 1903 | 1939 | 1919 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Иосиф Косиор | Old | Died | 1889 | 1937 | 1908 | Polish | Male | ![]() | |
Stanislav Kosior | Станислав Косиор | Old | Arrested | 1889 | 1939 | 1907 | Polish | Male | ![]() |
Nadezhda Krupskaya | Наде́жда Кру́пская | Old | Died | 1869 | 1939 | 1898 | Russian | Female | ![]() |
Alexander Krinitsky | Александр Криницкий | Candidate | Removed | 1894 | 1937 | 1915 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Gleb Krzhizhanovsky | Глеб Кржижано́вский | Old | Not | 1872 | 1959 | 1898 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Михаил Кульков | Promoted | Removed | 1891 | 1939 | 1915 | Russian | Male | — | |
Valerian Kuybyshev | Валериан Куйбышев | Old | Died | 1888 | 1935 | 1904 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Dmitry Lebed | Дмитрий Лебедь | Old | Removed | 1893 | 1937 | 1904 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Maxim Litvinov | Макси́м Литви́нов | New | Reelected | 1876 | 1951 | 1898 | Lithuanian | Male | ![]() |
Semyon Lobov | Семён Лобов | Old | Removed | 1888 | 1937 | 1913 | Russian | Male | — |
Solomon Lozovsky | Соломон Лозовский | Promoted | Reelected | 1892 | 1952 | 1901 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Isidor Lyubimov | Исидор Любимов | Old | Removed | 1882 | 1937 | 1902 | Russian | Male | — |
Иван Макаров | Promoted | Candidate | 1888 | 1949 | 1905 | Russian | Male | — | |
Dmitry Manuilsky | Дмитро Мануїльський | Old | Reelected | 1883 | 1959 | 1903 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Lev Mekhlis | Лев Ме́хлис | Promoted | Reelected | 1889 | 1953 | 1918 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Valery Mezhlauk | Валерий Межлаук | Candidate | Removed | 1893 | 1938 | 1917 | Latvian | Male | ![]() |
Михаил Михайлов | Promoted | Removed | 1902 | 1938 | 1919 | Russian | Male | — | |
Anastas Mikoyan | Анаста́с Микоя́н | Old | Reelected | 1895 | 1978 | 1915 | Armenian | Male | ![]() |
Levon Mirzoyan | Левон Мирзоян | New | Arrested | 1887 | 1939 | 1917 | Armenian | Male | ![]() |
Vyacheslav Molotov | Вячеслав Молотов | Old | Reelected | 1890 | 1986 | 1906 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Klavdiya Nikolayeva | Клавдия Николаева | New | Reelected | 1893 | 1944 | 1909 | Russian | Female | ![]() |
Иван Носов | Old | Removed | 1888 | 1937 | 1905 | Russian | Male | — | |
Grigol Ordzhonikidze | Григо́рий Орджоники́дзе | Old | Suicide | 1886 | 1937 | 1903 | Georgian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolay Pakhomov | Николай Пахомов | Candidate | Removed | 1890 | 1938 | 1912 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Grigory Petrovsky | Григо́рій Петро́вський | Old | Not | 1878 | 1958 | 1898 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Osip Piatnitsky | Осип Пятницкий | Old | Removed | 1882 | 1938 | 1898 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Pavel Postyshev | Григо́рій Петро́вський | Old | Arrested | 1887 | 1939 | 1904 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Эдуард Прамнэк | Promoted | Removed | 1899 | 1938 | 1917 | Lithuanian | Male | ![]() | |
Georgy Pyatakov | Георгий Пятаков | Old | Arrested | 1890 | 1937 | 1910 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Mikhail Razumov | Михаил Разумов | New | Removed | 1894 | 1937 | 1913 | Ukrainian | Male | — |
Jānis Rudzutaks | Ян Рудзутак | Old | Removed | 1887 | 1938 | 1905 | Latvian | Male | ![]() |
Moisei Rukhimovich | Моисей Рухимович | Old | Removed | 1889 | 1938 | 1913 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Иван Румянцев | Old | Removed | 1886 | 1937 | 1905 | Russian | Male | ![]() | |
Кузьма Рындин | Old | Removed | 1893 | 1938 | 1915 | Russian | Male | — | |
Boris Sheboldayev | Борис Шеболдаев | Old | Removed | 1895 | 1937 | 1914 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolai Shvernik | Николай Шверник | Old | Reelected | 1888 | 1970 | 1905 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Pyotr Smorodin | Пётр Смородин | Promoted | Removed | 1897 | 1938 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Joseph Stalin | Ио́сиф Ста́лин | Old | Reelected | 1878 | 1953 | 1898 | Georgian | Male | ![]() |
Aleksei Stetskii | Алексей Стецкий | Old | Arrested | 1896 | 1938 | 1915 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Daniil Sulimov | Даниил Сулимов | Old | Removed | 1890 | 1937 | 1905 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Александр Угаров | Promoted | Removed | 1900 | 1939 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() | |
Konstantin Ukhanov | Константин Уханов | Old | Removed | 1891 | 1937 | 1907 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Iosif Vareikis | Иосиф Варейкис | Old | Removed | 1894 | 1938 | 1913 | Lithuanian | Male | — |
Kliment Voroshilov | Климент Ворошилов | Old | Reelected | 1881 | 1969 | 1903 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Yakov Yakovlev | Я́ков Я́ковлев | Old | Removed | 1896 | 1938 | 1913 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Genrikh Yagoda | Генрих Ягода | Candidate | Removed | 1891 | 1938 | 1907 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Iona Yakir | Иона Якир | Candidate | Removed | 1896 | 1937 | 1917 | Moldovan | Male | ![]() |
Yefim Yevdokimov | Ефи́м Евдоки́мов | New | Arrested | 1891 | 1940 | 1918 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolai Yezhov | Николай Ежов | New | Not | 1895 | 1940 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Isaak Zelensky | Исаак Зеленский | Old | Removed | 1890 | 1937 | 1906 | Russian | Male | |
Andrei Zhdanov | Андрей Жданов | Old | Reelected | 1896 | 1948 | 1915 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Ivan Zhukov | Иван Жуков | Old | Removed | 1889 | 1937 | 1909 | Russian | Male | — |
Candidates
Name | Cyrillic | 16th CC | 18th CC | Birth | Death | PM | Nationality | Gender | Portrait |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mir Jafar Baghirov | Мир Багиров | New | Promoted | 1896 | 1956 | 1917 | Azerbaijani | Male | ![]() |
Georgy Blagonravov | Георгий Благонравов | New | Removed | 1896 | 1938 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Vasily Blyukher | Георгий Благонравов | New | Promoted | 1890 | 1938 | 1916 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Grigory Broydo | Григорий Бройдо | New | Not | 1883 | 1956 | 1918 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Semyon Budyonny | Семён Будённый | New | Member | 1883 | 1973 | 1919 | Russian | Male | |
Nikolai Bukharin | Никола́й Буха́рин | Member | Removed | 1888 | 1938 | 1906 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolai Bulganin | Николай Булганин | New | Promoted | 1895 | 1975 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Anton Bulin | Антон Булин | New | Promoted | 1894 | 1938 | 1914 | Russian | Male | — |
Yakov Bykin | Яков Быкин | New | Removed | 1888 | 1938 | 1912 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolai Demchenko | Николай Демченко | New | Removed | 1896 | 1937 | 1916 | Ukrainian | Male | — |
Terenty Deribas | Терентий Дерибас | New | Removed | 1896 | 1937 | 1903 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Shalva Eliava | Шалва Элиава | Candidate | Removed | 1883 | 1937 | 1904 | Georgian | Male | ![]() |
Николай Филатов | New | Removed | 1891 | 1939 | 1912 | Russian | Male | — | |
Nikolai Gikalo | Николай Гикало | New | Removed | 1897 | 1938 | 1917 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolay Goloded | Николай Голодед | Candidate | Removed | 1894 | 1937 | 19181 | Belarusian | Male | ![]() |
Фёдор Грядинский | Candidate | Removed | 1893 | 1938 | 1912 | Russian | Male | ||
Hryhoriy Hrynko | Григорий Гринько | New | Removed | 1890 | 1938 | 1919 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Uraz Isayev | Ураз Исаев | Candidate | Promoted | 1899 | 1938 | 1920 | Kazakh | Male | — |
Анна Калыгина | Candidate | Removed | 1895 | 1937 | 1915 | Russian | Female | — | |
Моисей Калманович | Candidate | Removed | 1888 | 1937 | 1917 | Russian | Male | — | |
Grigory Kaminsky | Григорий Каминский | Candidate | Removed | 1895 | 1938 | 1913 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolay Komarov | Николай Комаров | Member | Removed | 1886 | 1937 | 1909 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Nikolay Kubyak | Николай Кубяк | Member | Removed | 1881 | 1937 | 1898 | Russian | Male | |
Михаил Кульков | New | Removed | 1891 | 1939 | 1915 | Russian | Male | — | |
Василий Курицын | Candidate | Removed | 1892 | 1937 | 1917 | Russian | Male | — | |
Альфред Лепа | New | Removed | 1892 | 1937 | 1914 | Latvian | Male | — | |
Solomon Lozovsky | Соломон Лозовский | Candidate | Promoted | 1892 | 1952 | 1901 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Panas Lyubchenko | Соломон Лозовский | New | Suicide | 1897 | 1937 | 1913 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Иван Макаров | New | Promoted | 1888 | 1949 | 1905 | Russian | Male | — | |
Lev Mekhlis | Лев Мехлис | New | Promoted | 1889 | 1953 | 1918 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Михаил Михайлов | New | Promoted | 1902 | 1938 | 1919 | Russian | Male | — | |
Василий Михайлов | Candidate | Removed | 1894 | 1937 | 1915 | Russian | Male | ![]() | |
Gazanfar Musabekov | Газанфар Мусабеков | Candidate | Removed | 1888 | 1938 | 1918 | Azerbaijani | Male | ![]() |
Valerian Osinsky | Валериан Оболенский | Candidate | Removed | 1887 | 1938 | 1907 | Russian | Male | — |
Nikolay Pakhomov | Николай Пахомов | Candidate | Promoted | 1890 | 1938 | 1912 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Иван Павлуновский | New | Removed | 1888 | 1937 | 1905 | Russian | Male | — | |
Vladimir Polonsky | Владимир Полонский | Candidate | Removed | 1893 | 1937 | 1912 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Николай Попов | Candidate | Removed | 1891 | 1938 | 1906 | Russian | Male | — | |
Alexander Poskrebyshev | Александр Поскрёбышев | New | Member | 1891 | 1965 | 1917 | Russian | Male | — |
Boris Pozern | Борис Позерн | Candidate | Arrested | 1882 | 1939 | 1902 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Эдуард Прамнэк | New | Promoted | 1899 | 1938 | 1917 | Latvian | Male | ![]() | |
Vladimir Ptukha | Владимир Птуха | Candidate | Removed | 1894 | 1938 | 1917 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Arkady Rosengolts | Аркадий Розенгольц | New | Removed | 1889 | 1938 | 1905 | Belarusian | Male | ![]() |
Alexei Rykov | Алексей Рыков | Member | Removed | 1881 | 1938 | 1898 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Саркис Саркисов | New | Removed | 1898 | 1938 | 1917 | Armenian | Male | ![]() | |
Исаак Шварц | Candidate | Not | 1879 | 1951 | 1899 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() | |
Алексей Седельников | Candidate | Removed | 1894 | 1938 | 1914 | Russian | Male | — | |
Борис Семёнов | Candidate | Removed | 1890 | 1937 | 1907 | Russian | Male | — | |
Alexander Serebrovsky | Александр Серебровский | Candidate | Removed | 1884 | 1938 | 1903 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Александр Штейнгарт | New | Died | 1887 | 1934 | 1913 | Ukrainian | Male | — | |
Владимир Шубриков | New | Removed | 1895 | 1937 | 1917 | Russian | Male | — | |
Pyotr Smorodin | Пётр Смородин | Candidate | Promoted | 1897 | 1939 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Grigori Sokolnikov | Григорий Сокольников | Candidate | Arrested | 1888 | 1939 | 1905 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Константин Стриевский | Member | Removed | 1885 | 1938 | 1902 | Belarusian | Male | — | |
Пётр Струппе | New | Removed | 1889 | 1937 | 1907 | Russian | Male | ![]() | |
Mikhail Tomsky | Михаил Томский | Member | Suicide | 1880 | 1936 | 1904 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Ivan Tovstukha | Иван Товстуха | New | Died | 1889 | 1935 | 1913 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
Mikhail Tukhachevsky | Михаи́л Тухаче́вский | New | Arrested | 1893 | 1937 | 1918 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Ieronim Uborevich | Иероним Уборевич | Candidate | Removed | 1896 | 1937 | 1917 | Lithuanian | Male | ![]() |
Александр Угаров | New | Promoted | 1900 | 1939 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() | |
Józef Unszlicht | Ио́сиф У́ншлихт | Candidate | Removed | 1879 | 1938 | 1900 | Polish | Male | ![]() |
Евгений Вегер | New | Removed | 1899 | 1937 | 1917 | Russian | Male | — | |
Alexander Yegorov | Александр Егоров | New | Arrested | 1883 | 1939 | 1918 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Гавриил Вейнберг | Candidate | Candidate | 1891 | 1946 | 1906 | Polish | Male | — | |
Иван Ерёмин | New | Removed | 1895 | 1937 | 1917 | Russian | Male | — | |
Tikhon Yurkin | Тихон Юркин | Candidate | Not | 1898 | 1986 | 1915 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Avraami Zavenyagin | Авраамий Завенягин | New | Not | 1901 | 1956 | 1917 | Russian | Male | ![]() |
Volodymyr Zatonsky | Володи́мир Зато́нський | New | Removed | 1888 | 1938 | 1917 | Ukrainian | Male | ![]() |
References
Citations
- Khlevniuk 2009, p. 86.
- Khlevniuk 2009, p. 94.
- Khlevniuk 2009, p. 100.
- Khlevniuk 2009, p. 101.
- Rogovin 2009, p. 179.
- Rogovin 2009, pp. 179–180.
- Rogovin 2009, p. 176.
- Rogovin 2009, pp. 176–177.
- Rogovin 2009, p. 177.
- Getty & Naumov 2010, pp. 467–468.
- Getty & Naumov 2010, pp. 468.
- Getty & Naumov 2010, pp. 467.
- Simons & White 1984, pp. 423–425.
- "Съезды, конференции, пленумы и заседания РСДРП - РСДРП(б) - РКП(б) - ВКП(б) - КПСС" [Congresses, conferences, plenums and meetings of the RSDLP - RSDLP(b) - RCP(b) - CPSU]. Knowbysight.info. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
- Fainsod & Hough 1979, p. 410.
- Fainsod & Hough 1979, pp. 410–411 & 417–419.
- Fainsod & Hough 1979, pp. 417–419.
- Staff writer. "Управление делами ЦК РКП(б) – ВКП(б) – КПСС" [Chief Administrator of the RCP (b) – AUCP (b) – CPSU] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Сельскохозяйственный отдел ЦК ВКП(б)" [Agriculture Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Сельскохозяйственный отдел ЦК ВКП(б)" [Culture and Educational Work Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Промышленный отдел ЦК ВКП(б)" [Industrial Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Отдел культуры и пропаганды ленинизма ЦК ВКП(б)" [Leninist Culture and Propaganda Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Планово-финансово-торговый отдел ЦК ВКП(б)" [Planning, Finance and Trade Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Политико-административный отдел ЦК ВКП(б)" [Political-Administrative Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Отдел партийной пропаганды и агитации ЦК ВКП(б)" [Propaganda Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Отдел школ ЦК ЦК ВКП(б)" [School Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Отдел науки, научно-технических изобретений и открытий ЦК ВКП(б)" [Science and Scientific-technological Discoveries Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Секретно-оперативный отдел - Бюро Секретариата - Секретный отдел - Особый сектор ЦК РКП(б) - ВКП(б) - КПСС" [Secret Operations Department—Office of the Secretariat—Secret Department—Special Sector of the RCP (b) – AUCP (b) – CPSU] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- Staff writer. "Транспортный отдел ЦК ВКП(б)" [Transportation Department of the AUCP (b)] (in Russian). Retrieved 22 June 2015.
- "Центральный Комитет, избранный XVI съездом ВКП(б) 13.7.1930, члены" [Central Committee elected by the XVI Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) 13.7.1930, members]. Knowbysight.info. Archived from the original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- "Центральный Комитет, избранный XVII-м съездом ВКП(б) 10.2.1934, члены" [Central Committee elected by the XVII Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) on 10.2.1934, members]. Knowbysight.info. Archived from the original on 27 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- "Центральный Комитет, избранный XVIII-м съездом ВКП(б) 21.3.1939, члены" [Central Committee elected by the XVIII Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) on 21.3.1939, members]. Knowbysight.info. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- "Персональный состав Центрального комитета РСДРП - РСДРП(б) - РКП(б) - ВКП(б) - КПСС" [Composition of the Central Committee of the RSDLP - RSDLP(b) - RCP(b) - VKP(b) - CPSU]. Knowbysight.info. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
Bibliography
- Fainsod, Merle; Hough, Jerry F. (1979). How the Soviet Union is Governed. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674410305.
- Getty, J. Arch; Naumov, Oleg V. (2010). Sher, Benjamin (ed.). The Road to Terror: Stalin and the Self-Destruction of the Bolsheviks, 1932–1939. Annals of Communism Series. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300104073.
- Khlevniuk, Oleg (2009). Master of the House: Stalin and His Inner Circle. The Yale-Hoover Series on Stalin, Stalinism, and the Cold War. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300110669.
- Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1984). "Chapter 3: Statute of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union". In Simons, Williams; White, Stephens (eds.). The Party Statutes of the Communist World. Law in Eastern Europe. Brill Publishers. pp. 413–435. ISBN 9024729750.
- Rogovin, Vadim (2009). Stalin's Terror of 1937–1938: Political Genocide in the USSR. Mehring Books. ISBN 1893638049.
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The Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks sat from 10 February 1934 until the convening of the 18th Congress on 10 March 1939 Its 1st Plenary Session elected the Politburo Secretariat and Orgburo The 17th Congress was labelled the Congress of Victors to mark the success of the first five year plan and the collectivization of agriculture The CC 1st Plenary Session elected Joseph Stalin General Secretary of the Central Committee and Lazar Kaganovich continued to serve as Stalin s deputy an informal post referred to by Sovietologists as Second Secretary and was empowered to manage party business and sign Politburo resolutions when Stalin was away from Moscow Central Committee of the 17th Congress 16th18th A scene from the 17th Congress10 February 1934 22 March 1939LeadershipGeneral SecretaryJoseph StalinSecond SecretaryLazar Kaganovich 1934 1935 Inner groupsPolitburo 12 full amp 5 candidates Secretariat 6 members Orgburo 12 full amp 2 candidatesCandidatesApparatusNo of departments12 This Central Committee composition saw the de formalisation of politics for example the number of Politburo meetings was reduced to 16 for the year of 1934 Politburo decisions were made either by polling the members or informal meeting between Stalin and other Politburo members According to Ukrainian historian Oleg Khlevniuk the procedures followed by the Politburo became increasingly simplified as it was transformed from a collective body into an appendage of a decision making system that rested on Stalin s sole authority According to Vadim Rogovin During the period of the Great Purge the rights of the Central Committee and its members were restricted even more noting that CC members lost the right to attend Politburo sessions or being informed on the decisions taken by the Politburo Secretariat or the Orgburo When looking back Nikita Khrushchev lamented the situation by 1938 the earlier democracy in the Central Committee had already been greatly undermined For instance as a candidate member of the Politburo I did not receive materials of our sessions I received only the material which Stalin sent to me on his own orders Of the 139 full members and candidate members elected at the 17th Party Congress 98 people were killed in the period 1936 1940 Of these 44 out of 71 were full members while 55 out of 68 were candidate members Of those arrested over 80 percent of them were below the age of 50 When the 18th Party Congress convened in 1939 31 individuals remained in the Central Committee Of these seven were not reelected and of them five were pensioned or relieved of leading offices Grigory Petrovsky Gleb Krzhizhanovsky Grigory Broydo and while Tikhon Yurkin and Avraami Zavenyagin were reelected to the CC at the 19th Party Congress in 1952 and the 20th Party Congress in 1956 respectively Of the 24 reelected at the 18th Party Congress four would be subject to violent repression Mikhail Kaganovich in 1941 Solomon Lozovsky in 1952 Lavrentiy Beria in 1953 and Mir Jafar Baghirov in 1956 Klavdiya Nikolayeva became the only CC member who had previously been active in intra party opposition to survive the purge Life durations of members of Central Committee chosen on the 17th Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks When asked in an interview how the Central Committee approved its own destruction the decision to expel a member from the CC or for a member to be arrested by the authorities had to be approved by the CC itself through a plenary session Vyacheslav Molotov replied In the first place on democratic centralism Listen it did not happen that a minority expelled a majority It happened gradually Seventy expelled 10 15 people then 60 expelled another 15 All in line with majority and minority Essentially it happened that a minority of the composition of the TsK CC remained of this majority but without formal violation of democratic centralism According to J Arch Getty and Oleg Naumov the CC In the name of party unity and with a desperate feeling of corporate self preservation the nomenklatura committed suicide However there were some within the CC who breached party tradition and spoke against the purges such as Grigory Kaminsky and Osip Piatnitsky for example PlenumsThe CC was not a permanent institution The CC was convened for fourteen plenary sessions between the 17th Congress and the 18th Congress When the CC was not in session decision making powers were transferred to inner bodies of the CC itself the Politburo Secretariat and Orgburo none of these bodies were permanent either but convened to decide on crucial matters Plenary sessions of the Central Committee Plenum Date Length 1st Plenary Session 10 February 1934 1 day 2nd Plenary Session 29 June 1 July 1934 3 days 3rd Plenary Session 25 28 November 1934 4 days 4th Plenary Session 1 February 1935 1 day 5th Plenary Session 28 February 1935 1 day 6th Plenary Session 5 7 June 1935 3 days 7th Plenary Session 21 25 December 1935 5 days 8th Plenary Session 1 4 June 1936 4 days 9th Plenary Session 4 7 July 1936 2 days 10th Plenary Session 23 February 5 March 1937 12 days 11th Plenary Session 26 29 June 1937 4 days 12th Plenary Session 11 12 October 1937 2 days 13th Plenary Session 11 14 18 20 January 1938 4 days 14th Plenary Session 9 11 January 1938 3 daysApparatusIndividuals employed by Central Committee s bureaus departments and newspapers made up the apparatus between the 17th Congress and the 18th Congress The bureaus and departments were supervised by the Secretariat and each secretary member of the Secretariat supervised a specific department The leaders of departments were officially referred to as Heads while the titles of bureau leaders varied between chairman first secretary and secretary Central Committee Apparatus of the 17th Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks Institution Leader Cyrillic Took office Left office Length of tenure Nationality Gender Administrator of Affairs Timofey Samsonov Timofej Samsonov 10 February 1934 1935 1 year and 111 days Russian Male Ivan Lychov Ivan Lychev 1935 May 1938 3 years and 120 days Russian Male Dmitrij Krupin May 1938 22 March 1939 325 days Russian Male Agriculture Department Andrei Zhdanov Andrej Zhdanov 3 March 1934 10 April 1934 38 days Russian Male Yakov Yakovlev Ya kov Ya kovlev 10 April 1934 1936 2 years and 52 days Ukrainian Male Bolshevik Aleksei Stetskii Alekse j Ste ckij 10 February 1934 26 April 1938 4 years and 55 days Ukrainian Male Cultural and Educational Work Department Alexander Shcherbakov Aleksa ndr Sherbako v 13 May 1935 1936 1 year and 19 days Russian Male Aleksej Angarov 1936 July 1937 1 year and 30 days Russian Male Industrial Department Nikolai Yezhov Nikolaj Ezhov 3 March 1934 3 March 1935 1 year and 0 days Russian Male Andrey Andreyev Andrej Andreev 3 March 1935 13 May 1937 2 years and 71 days Russian Male Mihail Celishev 13 May 1937 September 1937 111 days Russian Male Leninist Culture and Propaganda Department Aleksei Stetskii Aleksej Steckij 10 February 1934 13 May 1935 1 year and 92 days Russian Male Planning Finance and Trade Department Andrei Zhdanov Andrej Zhdanov 10 April 1934 1934 235 days Russian Male Karl Bauman Karl Bauman 1934 20 January 1938 4 years and 19 days Latvian Male Political Administrative Department Yakov Brezanovskij 10 March 1934 February 1935 328 days Polish Male Osip Piatnitsky Osip Pyatnickij 19 August 1935 7 July 1937 1 year and 322 days Russian Male Pravda Lev Mekhlis Lev Mehlis 10 February 1934 4 September 1937 3 years and 206 days Ukrainian Male Press and Publications Department Boris Tal 13 May 1935 4 September 1937 2 years and 114 days Azerbaijani Male Lev Mekhlis Lev Mehlis 4 September 1937 2 January 1938 120 days Ukrainian Male Aleksandr Nikitin 2 January 1938 21 November 1938 323 days Russian Male Propaganda Department Aleksei Stetskii Aleksej Steckij 13 May 1935 26 April 1938 2 years and 348 days Russian Male Andrei Zhdanov Andrej Zhdanov 21 November 1938 22 March 1939 121 days Russian Male Science and Scientific technological Discoveries Department Karl Bauman Karl Bauman 13 May 1935 14 April 1937 1 year and 336 days Latvian Male School Department Boris Volin Boris Volin 13 May 1935 1936 1 year and 19 days Russian Male Special Sector Alexander Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Poskryobyshev 10 February 1934 22 March 1939 5 years and 40 days Russian Male Transportation Department Lazar Kaganovich Lazar Kaganovich 10 March 1934 9 July 1935 1 year and 121 days Russian Male Nikolai Zimin Nikolaj Zimin 9 July 1935 10 September 1938 3 years and 63 days Russian MaleCompositionMembers Members of the Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks Name Cyrillic 16th CC 18th CC Birth Death PM Nationality Gender Portrait Pyotr Alekseev Old Removed 1877 1936 1914 Russian Male Andrey Andreyev Andrej Andreev Old Reelected 1895 1971 1914 Russian Male Nikolay Antipov Nikolaj Antipov Old Removed 1894 1938 1912 Russian Male Aleksei Badayev Aleksej Badaev Old Reelected 1883 1951 1904 Russian Male Mir Jafar Baghirov Mir Bagirov Promoted Reelected 1896 1956 1917 Azerbaijani Male Vsevolod Balitsky Vsevolod Balickij New Removed 1892 1937 1915 Ukrainian Male Karl Bauman Karl Bauman Old Removed 1892 1937 1907 Latvian Male Lavrentiy Beria Lavre ntij Be riya New Reelected 1899 1953 1917 Georgian Male Vasily Blyukher Vasilij Blyuher Promoted Arrested 1899 1938 1916 Russian Male Andrei Bubnov Andrej Bubnov Old Removed 1884 1938 1903 Russian Male Nikolai Bulganin Nikolaj Bulganin Promoted Reelected 1895 1975 1917 Russian Male Anton Bulin Anton Bulin Promoted Removed 1894 1938 1914 Russian Male Mikhail Chernov Mihail Chernov New Removed 1891 1938 1920 Ukrainian Male Vlas Chubar Vlas Chubar Old Arrested 1891 1939 1907 Ukrainian Male Mikhail Chudov Mihail Chudov Old Removed 1893 1937 1913 Russian Male Mihail Chuvyrin Old Not 1883 1947 1903 Russian Male Robert Eikhe Robert Ejhe Old Arrested 1890 1940 1905 Latvian Male Avel Enukidze A vel Enuki dze Old Removed 1877 1937 1898 Georgian Male Yan Gamarnik Yan Gamarnik Old Suicide 1894 1937 1916 Ukrainian Male Vladimir Ivanov Vladimir Ivanov Candidate Removed 1893 1938 1915 Russian Male Akmal Ikramov Akmal Ikramov Candidate Removed 1898 1938 1918 Uzbek Male Uraz Isayev Uraz Isaev Candidate Removed 1899 1938 1920 Kazakh Male Ivan Kabakov Old Removed 1891 1937 1914 Russian Male Lazar Kaganovich Lazar Kaganovich Old Reelected 1893 1991 1911 Russian Male Mikhail Kaganovich Mihail Kaganovich New Reelected 1888 1941 1905 Russian Male Mikhail Kalinin Mihail Kalinin Old Reelected 1875 1946 1898 Russian Male Lavrentiy Kartvelishvili Lavrentij Kartvelishvili Candidate Removed 1890 1938 1910 Georgian Male Mendel Khatayevich Mendel Hataevich Old Removed 1893 1937 1913 Russian Male Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Hrushyov New Reelected 1894 1971 1918 Russian Male Sergey Kirov Serge j Ki rov Old Murder 1886 1934 1904 Russian Male Vilhelm Knorin Vilgelm Knorin Old Removed 1890 1938 1910 Latvian Male Ivan Kodatsky Ivan Kodackij Old Removed 1893 1937 1914 Ukrainian Male Alexander Kosarev Aleksandr Kosarev Candidate Arrested 1903 1939 1919 Russian Male Iosif Kosior Old Died 1889 1937 1908 Polish Male Stanislav Kosior Stanislav Kosior Old Arrested 1889 1939 1907 Polish Male Nadezhda Krupskaya Nade zhda Kru pskaya Old Died 1869 1939 1898 Russian Female Alexander Krinitsky Aleksandr Krinickij Candidate Removed 1894 1937 1915 Russian Male Gleb Krzhizhanovsky Gleb Krzhizhano vskij Old Not 1872 1959 1898 Russian Male Mihail Kulkov Promoted Removed 1891 1939 1915 Russian Male Valerian Kuybyshev Valerian Kujbyshev Old Died 1888 1935 1904 Russian Male Dmitry Lebed Dmitrij Lebed Old Removed 1893 1937 1904 Russian Male Maxim Litvinov Maksi m Litvi nov New Reelected 1876 1951 1898 Lithuanian Male Semyon Lobov Semyon Lobov Old Removed 1888 1937 1913 Russian Male Solomon Lozovsky Solomon Lozovskij Promoted Reelected 1892 1952 1901 Russian Male Isidor Lyubimov Isidor Lyubimov Old Removed 1882 1937 1902 Russian Male Ivan Makarov Promoted Candidate 1888 1949 1905 Russian Male Dmitry Manuilsky Dmitro Manuyilskij Old Reelected 1883 1959 1903 Ukrainian Male Lev Mekhlis Lev Me hlis Promoted Reelected 1889 1953 1918 Ukrainian Male Valery Mezhlauk Valerij Mezhlauk Candidate Removed 1893 1938 1917 Latvian Male Mihail Mihajlov Promoted Removed 1902 1938 1919 Russian Male Anastas Mikoyan Anasta s Mikoya n Old Reelected 1895 1978 1915 Armenian Male Levon Mirzoyan Levon Mirzoyan New Arrested 1887 1939 1917 Armenian Male Vyacheslav Molotov Vyacheslav Molotov Old Reelected 1890 1986 1906 Russian Male Klavdiya Nikolayeva Klavdiya Nikolaeva New Reelected 1893 1944 1909 Russian Female Ivan Nosov Old Removed 1888 1937 1905 Russian Male Grigol Ordzhonikidze Grigo rij Ordzhoniki dze Old Suicide 1886 1937 1903 Georgian Male Nikolay Pakhomov Nikolaj Pahomov Candidate Removed 1890 1938 1912 Russian Male Grigory Petrovsky Grigo rij Petro vskij Old Not 1878 1958 1898 Ukrainian Male Osip Piatnitsky Osip Pyatnickij Old Removed 1882 1938 1898 Russian Male Pavel Postyshev Grigo rij Petro vskij Old Arrested 1887 1939 1904 Russian Male Eduard Pramnek Promoted Removed 1899 1938 1917 Lithuanian Male Georgy Pyatakov Georgij Pyatakov Old Arrested 1890 1937 1910 Russian Male Mikhail Razumov Mihail Razumov New Removed 1894 1937 1913 Ukrainian Male Janis Rudzutaks Yan Rudzutak Old Removed 1887 1938 1905 Latvian Male Moisei Rukhimovich Moisej Ruhimovich Old Removed 1889 1938 1913 Russian Male Ivan Rumyancev Old Removed 1886 1937 1905 Russian Male Kuzma Ryndin Old Removed 1893 1938 1915 Russian Male Boris Sheboldayev Boris Sheboldaev Old Removed 1895 1937 1914 Russian Male Nikolai Shvernik Nikolaj Shvernik Old Reelected 1888 1970 1905 Russian Male Pyotr Smorodin Pyotr Smorodin Promoted Removed 1897 1938 1917 Russian Male Joseph Stalin Io sif Sta lin Old Reelected 1878 1953 1898 Georgian Male Aleksei Stetskii Aleksej Steckij Old Arrested 1896 1938 1915 Russian Male Daniil Sulimov Daniil Sulimov Old Removed 1890 1937 1905 Russian Male Aleksandr Ugarov Promoted Removed 1900 1939 1917 Russian Male Konstantin Ukhanov Konstantin Uhanov Old Removed 1891 1937 1907 Russian Male Iosif Vareikis Iosif Varejkis Old Removed 1894 1938 1913 Lithuanian Male Kliment Voroshilov Kliment Voroshilov Old Reelected 1881 1969 1903 Russian Male Yakov Yakovlev Ya kov Ya kovlev Old Removed 1896 1938 1913 Ukrainian Male Genrikh Yagoda Genrih Yagoda Candidate Removed 1891 1938 1907 Russian Male Iona Yakir Iona Yakir Candidate Removed 1896 1937 1917 Moldovan Male Yefim Yevdokimov Efi m Evdoki mov New Arrested 1891 1940 1918 Russian Male Nikolai Yezhov Nikolaj Ezhov New Not 1895 1940 1917 Russian Male Isaak Zelensky Isaak Zelenskij Old Removed 1890 1937 1906 Russian Male Andrei Zhdanov Andrej Zhdanov Old Reelected 1896 1948 1915 Russian Male Ivan Zhukov Ivan Zhukov Old Removed 1889 1937 1909 Russian Male Candidates Candidate Members of the Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks Name Cyrillic 16th CC 18th CC Birth Death PM Nationality Gender Portrait Mir Jafar Baghirov Mir Bagirov New Promoted 1896 1956 1917 Azerbaijani Male Georgy Blagonravov Georgij Blagonravov New Removed 1896 1938 1917 Russian Male Vasily Blyukher Georgij Blagonravov New Promoted 1890 1938 1916 Russian Male Grigory Broydo Grigorij Brojdo New Not 1883 1956 1918 Russian Male Semyon Budyonny Semyon Budyonnyj New Member 1883 1973 1919 Russian Male Nikolai Bukharin Nikola j Buha rin Member Removed 1888 1938 1906 Russian Male Nikolai Bulganin Nikolaj Bulganin New Promoted 1895 1975 1917 Russian Male Anton Bulin Anton Bulin New Promoted 1894 1938 1914 Russian Male Yakov Bykin Yakov Bykin New Removed 1888 1938 1912 Russian Male Nikolai Demchenko Nikolaj Demchenko New Removed 1896 1937 1916 Ukrainian Male Terenty Deribas Terentij Deribas New Removed 1896 1937 1903 Russian Male Shalva Eliava Shalva Eliava Candidate Removed 1883 1937 1904 Georgian Male Nikolaj Filatov New Removed 1891 1939 1912 Russian Male Nikolai Gikalo Nikolaj Gikalo New Removed 1897 1938 1917 Ukrainian Male Nikolay Goloded Nikolaj Goloded Candidate Removed 1894 1937 19181 Belarusian Male Fyodor Gryadinskij Candidate Removed 1893 1938 1912 Russian Male Hryhoriy Hrynko Grigorij Grinko New Removed 1890 1938 1919 Ukrainian Male Uraz Isayev Uraz Isaev Candidate Promoted 1899 1938 1920 Kazakh Male Anna Kalygina Candidate Removed 1895 1937 1915 Russian Female Moisej Kalmanovich Candidate Removed 1888 1937 1917 Russian Male Grigory Kaminsky Grigorij Kaminskij Candidate Removed 1895 1938 1913 Ukrainian Male Nikolay Komarov Nikolaj Komarov Member Removed 1886 1937 1909 Russian Male Nikolay Kubyak Nikolaj Kubyak Member Removed 1881 1937 1898 Russian Male Mihail Kulkov New Removed 1891 1939 1915 Russian Male Vasilij Kuricyn Candidate Removed 1892 1937 1917 Russian Male Alfred Lepa New Removed 1892 1937 1914 Latvian Male Solomon Lozovsky Solomon Lozovskij Candidate Promoted 1892 1952 1901 Russian Male Panas Lyubchenko Solomon Lozovskij New Suicide 1897 1937 1913 Ukrainian Male Ivan Makarov New Promoted 1888 1949 1905 Russian Male Lev Mekhlis Lev Mehlis New Promoted 1889 1953 1918 Ukrainian Male Mihail Mihajlov New Promoted 1902 1938 1919 Russian Male Vasilij Mihajlov Candidate Removed 1894 1937 1915 Russian Male Gazanfar Musabekov Gazanfar Musabekov Candidate Removed 1888 1938 1918 Azerbaijani Male Valerian Osinsky Valerian Obolenskij Candidate Removed 1887 1938 1907 Russian Male Nikolay Pakhomov Nikolaj Pahomov Candidate Promoted 1890 1938 1912 Russian Male Ivan Pavlunovskij New Removed 1888 1937 1905 Russian Male Vladimir Polonsky Vladimir Polonskij Candidate Removed 1893 1937 1912 Russian Male Nikolaj Popov Candidate Removed 1891 1938 1906 Russian Male Alexander Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Poskryobyshev New Member 1891 1965 1917 Russian Male Boris Pozern Boris Pozern Candidate Arrested 1882 1939 1902 Russian Male Eduard Pramnek New Promoted 1899 1938 1917 Latvian Male Vladimir Ptukha Vladimir Ptuha Candidate Removed 1894 1938 1917 Ukrainian Male Arkady Rosengolts Arkadij Rozengolc New Removed 1889 1938 1905 Belarusian Male Alexei Rykov Aleksej Rykov Member Removed 1881 1938 1898 Russian Male Sarkis Sarkisov New Removed 1898 1938 1917 Armenian Male Isaak Shvarc Candidate Not 1879 1951 1899 Ukrainian Male Aleksej Sedelnikov Candidate Removed 1894 1938 1914 Russian Male Boris Semyonov Candidate Removed 1890 1937 1907 Russian Male Alexander Serebrovsky Aleksandr Serebrovskij Candidate Removed 1884 1938 1903 Russian Male Aleksandr Shtejngart New Died 1887 1934 1913 Ukrainian Male Vladimir Shubrikov New Removed 1895 1937 1917 Russian Male Pyotr Smorodin Pyotr Smorodin Candidate Promoted 1897 1939 1917 Russian Male Grigori Sokolnikov Grigorij Sokolnikov Candidate Arrested 1888 1939 1905 Ukrainian Male Konstantin Strievskij Member Removed 1885 1938 1902 Belarusian Male Pyotr Struppe New Removed 1889 1937 1907 Russian Male Mikhail Tomsky Mihail Tomskij Member Suicide 1880 1936 1904 Russian Male Ivan Tovstukha Ivan Tovstuha New Died 1889 1935 1913 Ukrainian Male Mikhail Tukhachevsky Mihai l Tuhache vskij New Arrested 1893 1937 1918 Russian Male Ieronim Uborevich Ieronim Uborevich Candidate Removed 1896 1937 1917 Lithuanian Male Aleksandr Ugarov New Promoted 1900 1939 1917 Russian Male Jozef Unszlicht Io sif U nshliht Candidate Removed 1879 1938 1900 Polish Male Evgenij Veger New Removed 1899 1937 1917 Russian Male Alexander Yegorov Aleksandr Egorov New Arrested 1883 1939 1918 Russian Male Gavriil Vejnberg Candidate Candidate 1891 1946 1906 Polish Male Ivan Eryomin New Removed 1895 1937 1917 Russian Male Tikhon Yurkin Tihon Yurkin Candidate Not 1898 1986 1915 Russian Male Avraami Zavenyagin Avraamij Zavenyagin New Not 1901 1956 1917 Russian Male Volodymyr Zatonsky Volodi mir Zato nskij New Removed 1888 1938 1917 Ukrainian MaleReferencesCitations Khlevniuk 2009 p 86 Khlevniuk 2009 p 94 Khlevniuk 2009 p 100 Khlevniuk 2009 p 101 Rogovin 2009 p 179 Rogovin 2009 pp 179 180 Rogovin 2009 p 176 Rogovin 2009 pp 176 177 Rogovin 2009 p 177 Getty amp Naumov 2010 pp 467 468 Getty amp Naumov 2010 pp 468 Getty amp Naumov 2010 pp 467 Simons amp White 1984 pp 423 425 Sezdy konferencii plenumy i zasedaniya RSDRP RSDRP b RKP b VKP b KPSS Congresses conferences plenums and meetings of the RSDLP RSDLP b RCP b CPSU Knowbysight info Archived from the original on 8 April 2022 Retrieved 16 April 2022 Fainsod amp Hough 1979 p 410 Fainsod amp Hough 1979 pp 410 411 amp 417 419 Fainsod amp Hough 1979 pp 417 419 Staff writer Upravlenie delami CK RKP b VKP b KPSS Chief Administrator of the RCP b AUCP b CPSU in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Selskohozyajstvennyj otdel CK VKP b Agriculture Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Selskohozyajstvennyj otdel CK VKP b Culture and Educational Work Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Promyshlennyj otdel CK VKP b Industrial Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Otdel kultury i propagandy leninizma CK VKP b Leninist Culture and Propaganda Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Planovo finansovo torgovyj otdel CK VKP b Planning Finance and Trade Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Politiko administrativnyj otdel CK VKP b Political Administrative Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Otdel partijnoj propagandy i agitacii CK VKP b Propaganda Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Otdel shkol CK CK VKP b School Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Otdel nauki nauchno tehnicheskih izobretenij i otkrytij CK VKP b Science and Scientific technological Discoveries Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Sekretno operativnyj otdel Byuro Sekretariata Sekretnyj otdel Osobyj sektor CK RKP b VKP b KPSS Secret Operations Department Office of the Secretariat Secret Department Special Sector of the RCP b AUCP b CPSU in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Staff writer Transportnyj otdel CK VKP b Transportation Department of the AUCP b in Russian Retrieved 22 June 2015 Centralnyj Komitet izbrannyj XVI sezdom VKP b 13 7 1930 chleny Central Committee elected by the XVI Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks 13 7 1930 members Knowbysight info Archived from the original on 27 July 2022 Retrieved 27 July 2022 Centralnyj Komitet izbrannyj XVII m sezdom VKP b 10 2 1934 chleny Central Committee elected by the XVII Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks on 10 2 1934 members Knowbysight info Archived from the original on 27 July 2022 Retrieved 27 July 2022 Centralnyj Komitet izbrannyj XVIII m sezdom VKP b 21 3 1939 chleny Central Committee elected by the XVIII Congress of the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks on 21 3 1939 members Knowbysight info Archived from the original on 16 April 2022 Retrieved 27 July 2022 Personalnyj sostav Centralnogo komiteta RSDRP RSDRP b RKP b VKP b KPSS Composition of the Central Committee of the RSDLP RSDLP b RCP b VKP b CPSU Knowbysight info Archived from the original on 31 March 2022 Retrieved 27 July 2022 Bibliography Fainsod Merle Hough Jerry F 1979 How the Soviet Union is Governed Harvard University Press ISBN 9780674410305 Getty J Arch Naumov Oleg V 2010 Sher Benjamin ed The Road to Terror Stalin and the Self Destruction of the Bolsheviks 1932 1939 Annals of Communism Series Yale University Press ISBN 0300104073 Khlevniuk Oleg 2009 Master of the House Stalin and His Inner Circle The Yale Hoover Series on Stalin Stalinism and the Cold War Yale University Press ISBN 0300110669 Communist Party of the Soviet Union 1984 Chapter 3 Statute of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union In Simons Williams White Stephens eds The Party Statutes of the Communist World Law in Eastern Europe Brill Publishers pp 413 435 ISBN 9024729750 Rogovin Vadim 2009 Stalin s Terror of 1937 1938 Political Genocide in the USSR Mehring Books ISBN 1893638049