1846–47 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1846–47 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 2, 1846, and November 2, 1847. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives. 228 elected members representing 29 states took their seats when the first session of the 30th United States Congress convened December 6, 1847. The new states of Iowa and Texas elected their first representatives during this election cycle. These elections were held during President James K. Polk's term.

1846–47 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1844 & 1845 August 2, 1846 – November 2, 1847 1848 & 1849 →
All 230 seats in the United States House of Representatives 116 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Robert Winthrop Linn Boyd Party Whig Democratic Leader's seat Massachusetts 1st Kentucky 1st Last election 79 seats 142 seats Seats won 116 110 Seat change 37 32 Popular vote 1,033,506 1,124,080 Percentage 44.52% 48.43% Swing 0.27pp 1.59pp   Third party Fourth party   Party Know Nothing Independent Last election 6 seats 0 seats Seats won 1 3 Seat change 5 3 Popular vote 28,198 63,690 Percentage 1.21% 2.74% Swing 0.88pp 1.49pp
Results:      Democratic hold      Democratic gain      Whig hold      Whig gain      Independent gain      Know Nothing hold
Speaker before election John Davis Democratic Elected Speaker Robert Winthrop Whig

The Whigs gained 37 seats to win 116 and a change in partisan control, while the rival Democrats lost 30, falling to 112. The Whigs gained seats in the Mid-Atlantic and the South. The nativist and anti-Catholic Native American Party, also known as the Know Nothings, was reduced to one seat. One Independent, Amos Tuck, was elected from New Hampshire.

The Mexican–American War, which the incumbent House had voted overwhelmingly to approve, was the main issue. The war had much stronger voter support in the West, South, and among Democrats than in the East, North, and among Whigs.

It was widely, accurately believed that war with Mexico would be won with large territorial gains. The Wilmot Proviso was the first congressional attempt to address slavery in these projected new territories, by proposing to ban it. Congress rejected the Wilmot Proviso, but not quickly or smoothly. Protracted debate aggravated sectional tensions. The repeated failure of Congress, and later also the President and Supreme Court, over the next decade to resolve the issue of slavery in the territories was a major cause of the Civil War.

This was the last time the Whig Party won a House majority, though candidates opposed to the Democratic Party would win a large majority in the realigning 1854 election. Notable freshmen included Abraham Lincoln of Illinois, elected as a Whig to his only term.

Election summaries

The trend toward single-member districts culminated as no multi-member districts featured.

In 1845, partly motivated by the successful 1844 test of the electric telegraph between Washington and Baltimore, Congress established a uniform date for choosing Presidential electors. Gradually, states aligned nearly all elections with this date, though as of this election, only three states had done so.

Two seats were added for the new State of Wisconsin. Wisconsin was unrepresented for most of the first session.

↓

110	2	116
Democratic		Whig

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Democratic		Whig		Other
				Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Elections for new states (Not included in totals below)
Texas	District	March 30, 1846	2	2	2	0		0
Iowa	At-large	October 26, 1846	2	2	2	0		0
General elections
Missouri	District	August 2, 1846	5	5		0		0
Arkansas	At-large	August 3, 1846	1	1		0		0
Illinois	District	August 3, 1846	7	6		1		0
Vermont	District	September 1, 1846	4	1		3		0
Maine	District	September 14, 1846	7	6		1		0
Florida	At-large	October 5, 1846	1	0	1	1	1	0
Georgia	District	October 5, 1846	8	4	1	4	1	0
South Carolina	District	October 12–13, 1846	7	7		0		0
Ohio	District	October 13, 1846	21	10	3	11	3	0
Pennsylvania	District	October 13, 1846	24	7	5	16	6	1	1
Texas	District	November 2, 1846	2	2		0		0
Michigan	District	November 3, 1846 (Election Day)	3	3		0		0
New Jersey	District		5	1		4		0
New York	District		34	11	10	23	14	0	4
Massachusetts	District	November 9, 1846	10	0		10		0
Delaware	At-large	November 10, 1846	1	0		1		0
Late elections (after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term)
New Hampshire	District	March 9, 1847	4	2	1	1	1	1	1
Connecticut	District	April 5, 1847	4	0		4		0
Rhode Island	District	April 7, 1847	2	1	1	1	1	0
Virginia	District	April 22, 1847	15	9	5	6	5	0
Alabama	District	August 2, 1847	7	5	1	2	1	0
Indiana	District	August 2, 1847	10	6	2	4	2	0
Iowa	District	August 2, 1847	2	2		0		0
Kentucky	District	August 2, 1847	10	4	1	6	1	0
Tennessee	District	August 2, 1847	11	6		5		0
North Carolina	District	August 5, 1847	9	3	3	6	3	0
Maryland	District	October 6, 1847	6	2	2	4	2	0
Mississippi	District	November 1–2, 1847	4	3	1	1	1	0
Louisiana	District	November 2, 1847	4	3		1		0
Total			228	110 48.7%	35	116 50.4%	38	2 0.9%	4

Popular vote Democratic   48.43% Independent   2.74% Know Nothing   1.21% Whig   44.52% Others   3.10%

House seats Democratic   47.81% Independent   0.88% Know Nothing   0.44% Whig   50.88%

Shaded according to winners share of vote

Special elections

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Georgia 3	Washington Poe	Democratic	1844	Member-elect declined the seat. New member elected January 5, 1846. Democratic hold.	▌Y George W. Towns (Democratic) 51.62% ▌Ambrose Baber (Whig) 48.38%
Missouri at-large	Sterling Price	Democratic	1844	Incumbent resigned August 12, 1846 to serve in the Mexican–American War. New member elected October 31, 1846 and seated December 7, 1846. Democratic hold. Winner had not been elected to the next term; see below.	▌Y William McDaniel (Democratic) ▌ William M. Kincaid (Whig)
Florida at-large	None (new state)			Member-elect elected to the Senate. New member elected October 6, 1845. Whig gain.	Initial count: ▌Y Edward C. Cabell (Whig) 50.51% ▌William H. Brockenbrough (Democratic) 49.49% Recount: ▌Y William H. Brockenbrough (Democratic) 50.35% ▌ Edward C. Cabell (Whig) 49.65%
				Recount places newly elected member in second place. Member removed from the seat, and the true victor is seated. Democratic gain.
Arkansas at-large	Archibald Yell	Democratic	1836 1840 (retired) 1844	Incumbent resigned July 1, 1846 to serve in the United States Volunteers. New member elected December 14, 1846 and seated February 6, 1847. Whig gain. Winner had not been elected to the next term; see below.	▌Y Thomas Willoughby Newton (Whig) 28.55% ▌ (Democratic) 28.17% ▌Albert Rust (Democratic) 27.06% ▌ (Whig) 13.97% ▌ (Democratic) 2.26%
Illinois 7	Edward D. Baker	Whig	1844	Incumbent resigned January 15, 1847 to join the Illinois Volunteer Infantry. New member elected January 20, 1847 to finish the term. Whig hold. Winner had not been a candidate to the next term; see below.	▌Y John Henry (Whig) 56.73% ▌ (Democratic) 30.33% ▌ (Democratic) 6.92% ▌ (Independent) 2.94% ▌William Brown (Whig) 1.91% Scattering 1.17%
Michigan 2	Edward Bradley	Democratic	1846	Incumbent died August 5, 1847. New member elected November 2, 1847. Democratic hold.	▌Y Charles E. Stuart (Democratic) 52.2% ▌James W. Gordon (Whig) 43.9% ▌William C. Denison (Unknown) 3.9%
Louisiana 1
Mississippi 1

Alabama

Elections were held August 2, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alabama 1
Alabama 2
Alabama 3
Alabama 4
Alabama 5
Alabama 6
Alabama 7

Arkansas

Arkansas elected its sole member August 3, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arkansas at-large	Archibald Yell	Democratic	1836 1840 (retired) 1844	Incumbent resigned July 1, 1846 to serve in the United States Volunteers. Democratic hold. Winner was not elected to finish the current term.	▌Y Robert W. Johnson (Democratic) Uncontested

Connecticut

Elections were held April 5, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Connecticut 1	James Dixon	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James Dixon (Whig) 50.5% ▌ (Democratic) 47.1% ▌William H. Burleigh (Liberty) 2.4%
Connecticut 2	Samuel D. Hubbard	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Samuel D. Hubbard (Whig) 50.8% ▌Samuel Ingham (Democratic) 46.3% ▌Ely Warner (Liberty) 2.7%
Connecticut 3	John A. Rockwell	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John A. Rockwell (Whig) 49.5% ▌Noyes Billings (Democratic) 45.2% ▌Increase Wilson (Liberty) 5.3%
Connecticut 4	Truman Smith	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Truman Smith (Whig) 51.9% ▌George Taylor (Democratic) 45.6% ▌Uriel Tuttle (Liberty) 2.3%

Delaware

The election was held November 10, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Delaware at-large

Florida

The election was held October 5, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida at-large	William H. Brockenbrough	Democratic	1845 (special)	Incumbent retired. Whig gain.	▌Y Edward C. Cabell (Whig) 50.9% ▌ (Democratic) 49.1%

Georgia

Elections were held October 5, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Georgia 1
Georgia 2
Georgia 3
Georgia 4
Georgia 5
Georgia 6
Georgia 7
Georgia 8

Illinois

1846 Illinois's 7th congressional district election

← 1844 August 3, 1846 1848 →

Nominee Abraham Lincoln Peter Cartwright Party Whig Democratic Popular vote 6,340 4,829 Percentage 55.53% 42.29%

Lincoln:      30–40%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80% Cartwright:      50–60%

U.S. Representative before election Edward D. Baker Whig Elected U.S. Representative Abraham Lincoln Whig

Elections were held August 3, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Illinois 1
Illinois 2
Illinois 3
Illinois 4
Illinois 5
Illinois 6
Illinois 7	Edward D. Baker	Whig	1844	Incumbent retired. Whig hold. Incumbent then resigned early, leading to a special election.	▌Y Abraham Lincoln (Whig) 55.53% ▌Peter Cartwright (Democratic) 42.29% ▌ (Liberty) 2.18%

Indiana

Elections were held August 2, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Indiana 1
Indiana 2
Indiana 3
Indiana 4
Indiana 5
Indiana 6
Indiana 7
Indiana 8
Indiana 9
Indiana 10

Iowa

Elections to the 29th Congress

Elections for the new state were held October 26, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Iowa at-large (2 seats)	New state			New seat. New member elected October 26, 1846. Democratic gain. Winner (Leffler) was later elected in the 2nd district to the next term, see below.	(Elected on a general ticket) ▌Y Shepherd Leffler (Democratic) 26.47% ▌Y S. Clinton Hastings (Democratic) 26.10% ▌ (Whig) 23.86% ▌ (Whig) 23.57%
	New state			New seat. New member elected October 26, 1846. Democratic gain. Winner (Hastings) would not be a candidate for the next term, see below.

Elections to the 30th Congress

Elections were held August 2, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Iowa 1	New seat			New district. Democratic gain.	▌Y William Thompson (Democratic) 52.59% ▌ (Whig) 47.41%
Iowa 2	Shepherd Leffler Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1846	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Shepherd Leffler (Democratic) 51.43% ▌Thomas McKnight (Whig) 48.58%
	S. Clinton Hastings Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1846	Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.

Kentucky

Elections were held August 2, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kentucky 1
Kentucky 2
Kentucky 3
Kentucky 4
Kentucky 5
Kentucky 6
Kentucky 7
Kentucky 8
Kentucky 9
Kentucky 10

Louisiana

Elections were held November 2, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Louisiana 1
Louisiana 2
Louisiana 3
Louisiana 4

Maine

Elections were held September 14, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maine 1
Maine 2
Maine 3
Maine 4
Maine 5
Maine 6
Maine 7

Maryland

Elections were held October 6, 1847 elections were after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the new term, but still before the Congress convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maryland 1
Maryland 2
Maryland 3
Maryland 4
Maryland 5
Maryland 6

Massachusetts

Elections were held November 9, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1
Massachusetts 2
Massachusetts 3
Massachusetts 4
Massachusetts 5
Massachusetts 6
Massachusetts 7	Julius Rockwell	Whig	1844 (late)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Julius Rockwell (Whig) 53.34% ▌ (Democratic) 38.63% ▌ (Liberty) 8.04%
Massachusetts 8	John Quincy Adams	Whig	1830	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Quincy Adams (Whig) 62.23% ▌ (Democratic) 28.25% ▌ (Liberty) 9.52%
Massachusetts 9
Massachusetts 10

Michigan

Elections were held November 3, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Michigan 1	Robert McClelland	Democratic	1843	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Robert McClelland (Democratic) 52.2% ▌Edwin Lawrence (Whig) 42.7% ▌Charles H. Stewart (Liberty) 5.1%
Michigan 2	John S. Chipman	Democratic	1844	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Edward Bradley (Democratic) 49.3% ▌James W. Gordon (Whig) 44.9% ▌Erastus Hussey (Liberty) 5.8%
Michigan 3	James B. Hunt	Democratic	1843	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Kinsley S. Bingham (Democratic) 49.0% ▌George W. Wisner (Whig) 43.6% ▌William Caulfield (Liberty) 7.4%

Mississippi

Elections were held November 1–2, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	Jacob Thompson	Democratic	1839	Incumbent redistricted from the at-large district. Democratic hold.	▌Y Jacob Thompson (Democratic) 54.38% ▌Robert Josselyn (Independent Democratic) 45.62%
Mississippi 2	None (new district)			New district. Democratic gain.	▌Y Winfield S. Featherston (Democratic) 53.52% ▌Alexander K. McClung (Whig) 46.48%
Mississippi 3	Robert W. Roberts	Democratic	1843	Incumbent redistricted from the at-large district. Whig gain.	▌Y Patrick W. Tompkins (Whig) 52.06% ▌Robert W. Roberts (Democratic) 47.94%
Mississippi 4	None (new district)			New district. Democratic gain.	▌Y Albert G. Brown (Democratic) 93.74% ▌John A. Quitman (Democratic) 5.64% Scattering 0.62%

Missouri

Elections were held August 2, 1846. All five seats remained Democratic. Three of the members retired.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Missouri 1	James B. Bowlin Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1842	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James B. Bowlin (Democratic) 52.20% ▌ (Whig) 36.81% ▌William Milburn (Independent) 10.99%
Missouri 2	William McDaniel Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1846 (special)	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y John Jameson (Democratic) 81.09% ▌ (Whig) 18.91%
	James H. Relfe Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1842	Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.
Missouri 3	New district			New district. Democratic gain.	▌Y James S. Green (Democratic) 55.27% ▌John Gaines Miller (Whig) 44.73%
Missouri 4	New district			New district. Democratic gain.	▌Y Willard P. Hall (Democratic) 64.98% ▌James H. Birch (Whig) 35.02%
Missouri 5	John S. Phelps Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1844	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John S. Phelps (Democratic) 53.26% ▌John P. Campbell (Whig) 46.74%
	Leonard H. Sims Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1844	Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.

New Hampshire

Elections were held March 9, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847. Two of the districts had run-off elections in July 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Hampshire 1	Vacant seat due to the .			Independent gain.	First ballot (March 9, 1847) ▌Benning W. Jenness (Democratic) 44.66% ▌Amos Tuck (Liberty) 15.04% ▌Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) Second ballot (July 8, 1847) ▌Y Amos Tuck (Independent) 56.66% ▌Benning W. Jenness (Democratic) 42.49%
New Hampshire 2	Moses Norris Jr. Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic	1843	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Charles Peaslee (Democratic) 57.27% ▌ (Whig) 27.78% ▌George W. Stevens (Liberty) 14.96%
New Hampshire 3	Mace Moulton Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic		Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic hold.	First ballot (March 9, 1847) ▌Mace Moulton (Democratic) ▌James Wilson (Whig) 42.34% ▌ (Liberty) 10.51% Second ballot (July 8, 1847) ▌Y James Wilson (Whig) 51.27% ▌Mace Moulton (Democratic) 44.00% ▌ (Liberty) 4.72%
New Hampshire 4	James Hutchins Johnson Redistricted from the at-large district	Democratic		Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James Hutchins Johnson (Democratic) [data missing]

New Jersey

Elections were held November 3, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Jersey 1
New Jersey 2
New Jersey 3
New Jersey 4
New Jersey 5

New York

Elections were held November 3, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New York 1
New York 2
New York 3
New York 4
New York 5
New York 6
New York 7
New York 8
New York 9
New York 10
New York 11
New York 12
New York 13
New York 14
New York 15
New York 16
New York 17
New York 18
New York 19
New York 20
New York 21
New York 22
New York 23
New York 24
New York 25
New York 26
New York 27
New York 28
New York 29
New York 30
New York 31
New York 32
New York 33
New York 34

North Carolina

Elections were held August 5, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Carolina 1
North Carolina 2
North Carolina 3
North Carolina 4
North Carolina 5
North Carolina 6
North Carolina 7
North Carolina 8
North Carolina 9

Ohio

Elections were held October 13, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Ohio 1
Ohio 2
Ohio 3
Ohio 4
Ohio 5
Ohio 6
Ohio 7
Ohio 8
Ohio 9
Ohio 10
Ohio 11
Ohio 12
Ohio 13
Ohio 14
Ohio 15
Ohio 16
Ohio 17
Ohio 18
Ohio 19
Ohio 20
Ohio 21

Pennsylvania

Elections were held October 13, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Pennsylvania 1
Pennsylvania 2
Pennsylvania 3
Pennsylvania 4
Pennsylvania 5
Pennsylvania 6
Pennsylvania 7
Pennsylvania 8
Pennsylvania 9
Pennsylvania 10
Pennsylvania 11
Pennsylvania 12
Pennsylvania 13
Pennsylvania 14
Pennsylvania 15
Pennsylvania 16
Pennsylvania 17
Pennsylvania 18
Pennsylvania 19
Pennsylvania 20
Pennsylvania 21
Pennsylvania 22
Pennsylvania 23
Pennsylvania 24

Rhode Island

Elections were held April 7, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Rhode Island 1
Rhode Island 2

South Carolina

Elections were held October 12–13, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 1
South Carolina 2
South Carolina 3
South Carolina 4
South Carolina 5
South Carolina 6
South Carolina 7

Tennessee

Elections were held August 2, 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Tennessee 1	Andrew Johnson	Democratic	1842	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Andrew Johnson (Democratic) 51.87% ▌Oliver P. Temple (Whig) 48.13%
Tennessee 2	William M. Cocke	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William M. Cocke (Whig) 61.01% ▌Wayne W. Wallace (Democratic) 38.99%
Tennessee 3	John H. Crozier	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John H. Crozier (Whig) 51.76% ▌Samuel S. Smith (Democratic) 48.25%
Tennessee 4	Alvan Cullom	Democratic	1842	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Hugh L. W. Hill (Democratic) 59.92% ▌John L. Goodall (Whig) 40.08%
Tennessee 5	George W. Jones	Democratic	1842	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George W. Jones (Democratic) 99.14% ▌J. M. Crowly (Unknown) 0.86%
Tennessee 6	Barclay Martin	Democratic	1845	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y James H. Thomas (Democratic) 55.59% ▌Boling Gordan (Whig) 44.41%
Tennessee 7	Meredith P. Gentry	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Meredith P. Gentry (Whig) 65.05% ▌R. G. Ellis (Democratic) 34.95%
Tennessee 8	Edwin H. Ewing	Whig	1845 (special)	Incumbent retired. Whig hold.	▌Y Washington Barrow (Whig) 58.79% ▌John B. Pittman (Democratic) 41.22%
Tennessee 9	Lucien B. Chase	Democratic	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lucien B. Chase (Democratic) 54.29% ▌John T. Swayne (Whig) 45.71%
Tennessee 10	Frederick P. Stanton	Democratic	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Frederick P. Stanton (Democratic) 50.11% ▌John W. Harris (Whig) 49.89%
Tennessee 11	Milton Brown	Whig	1841	Incumbent retired. Whig hold.	▌Y William T. Haskell (Whig) 57.18% ▌John Gardner (Democratic) 42.82%

Texas

29th Congress

Elections for the 29th Congress were held in March 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Texas 1	None (new state)			New district. Democratic gain. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.	▌Y David S. Kaufman (Democratic) 53.9% ▌William R. Scurry (Independent) 26.3% ▌William B. Ochiltree (Independent) 19.8%
Texas 2	None (new state)			New district. Democratic gain. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.	▌Y Timothy Pilsbury (Democratic) 30.1% ▌Samuel May Williams (Independent) 28.0% ▌William Gordon Cooke (Independent) 23.9% ▌John M. Lewis (Independent) 9.5% ▌Joseph C. Megginson (Independent) 5.4% ▌Thomas Jefferson Green (Independent) 2.4% Scattering 0.7%

30th Congress

Elections for the 30th United States Congress were held November 2, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Texas 1	David S. Kaufman	Democratic	1846	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y David S. Kaufman (Democratic) 98.1% Scattering 1.9%
Texas 2	Timothy Pilsbury	Democratic	1846	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Timothy Pilsbury (Democratic) 57.5% ▌Samuel May Williams (Independent) 20.5% ▌William E. Jones (Independent) 11.7% ▌Robert Baylor (Independent) 10.2%

Vermont

Elections were held September 1, 1846.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Vermont 1	Solomon Foot	Whig	1843	Incumbent retired. Whig hold.	▌Y William Henry (Whig) 55.2% ▌ (Democratic) 25.6% ▌Oscar L. Shafter (Liberty) 8.6% ▌ (Democratic) 7.6%
Vermont 2	Jacob Collamer	Whig	1843	Incumbent re-elected.	First ballot ▌Jacob Collamer (Whig) 49.1% ▌Hugh H. Henry (Democratic) 34.7% ▌Titus Hutchinson (Liberty) 15.6% Second ballot ▌Y Jacob Collamer (Whig) 62.8% ▌ (Democratic) 26.8% ▌Titus Hutchinson (Liberty) 10.3%
Vermont 3	George P. Marsh	Whig	1843	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George P. Marsh (Whig) 53.9% ▌ (Democratic) 30.6% ▌ (Unknown) 15.1%
Vermont 4	Paul Dillingham	Democratic	1843	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	First ballot ▌Lucius B. Peck (Democratic) 43.4% ▌ (Whig) 40.1% Write-ins 16.1% Second ballot ▌Lucius B. Peck (Democratic) 42.9% ▌ (Whig) 42.5% ▌ (Liberty) 14.5% Third ballot ▌Y Lucius B. Peck (Democratic) 47.0% ▌ (Whig) 43.5% ▌ (Liberty) 9.4%

Virginia

Elections were held April 22, 1847, after the March 4, 1847 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1847.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Virginia 1	Archibald Atkinson	Democratic	1843	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Archibald Atkinson (Democratic) 50.8% ▌Samuel Watts (Whig) 49.2%
Virginia 2	George Dromgoole	Democratic	1835 1841 (retired) 1843	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George Dromgoole (Democratic) 50.2% ▌George W. Bolling (Whig) 49.8%
Virginia 3	William Tredway	Democratic	1845	Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain.	▌Y Thomas Flournoy (Whig) 52.0% ▌William Tredway (Democratic) 48.0%
Virginia 4	Edmund W. Hubard	Democratic	1841	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Thomas S. Bocock (Democratic) 51.4% ▌Henry P. Irving (Whig) 48.6%
Virginia 5	Shelton Leake	Democratic	1845	Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain.	▌Y William L. Goggin (Whig) 50.9% ▌Shelton Leake (Democratic) 49.1%
Virginia 6	John Seddon	Democratic	1845	Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain.	▌Y John Botts (Whig) 55.4% ▌James Seddon (Democratic) 44.6%
Virginia 7	Thomas H. Bayly	Democratic		Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Thomas H. Bayly (Democratic) 52.5% ▌John J. Jones (Whig) 47.5%
Virginia 8	Robert M. T. Hunter	Democratic	1835 1843 (lost) 1845	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Richard L. T. Beale (Democratic) 51.9% ▌Willoughby Newton (Whig) 48.1%
Virginia 9	John Pendleton	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Pendleton (Whig) 58.3% ▌Richard T. Hunter (Democratic) 41.7%
Virginia 10	Henry Bedinger	Democratic	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Henry Bedinger (Democratic) 52.6% ▌Anthony T. Kennedy (Whig) 47.4%
Virginia 11	James McDowell	Democratic		Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James McDowell (Democratic) 58.2% ▌Algernon S. Gray (Whig) 41.8%
Virginia 12	Augustus A. Chapman	Democratic	1843	Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain.	▌Y William B. Preston (Whig) 51.6% ▌Augustus A. Chapman (Democratic) 48.4%
Virginia 13	George W. Hopkins	Democratic	1835	Incumbent retired. Whig gain.	▌Y Andrew S. Fulton (Whig) 38.6% ▌Fayette McMullen (Democratic) 38.5% ▌Samuel E. Goodson (Democratic) 22.8%
Virginia 14	Joseph Johnson	Democratic	1823 1827 (lost) 1833 (special) 1833 (retired) 1835 1841 (retired) 1845	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Robert A. Thompson (Democratic) 53.0% ▌William McComas (Whig) 47.0%
Virginia 15	William G. Brown Sr.	Democratic	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William G. Brown Sr. (Democratic) 67.3% ▌J. T. Hawkins (Whig) 32.7%

Wisconsin Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Non-voting delegates

District	Incumbent			This race
	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wisconsin Territory	Morgan Lewis Martin	Democratic	1844 or 1845	Incumbent was not renominated. Whig gain.	▌Y John Hubbard Tweedy (Whig) ▌Moses M. Strong (Democratic)

See also

• 1846 United States elections
  • List of United States House of Representatives elections (1824–1854)
  • 1846–47 United States Senate elections
• 29th United States Congress
• 30th United States Congress

Notes

1. Excludes states admitted during the 30th Congress.
2. Includes late elections
3. Includes two congressmen elected as "Locofoco Democrat": Robert W. Johnson from Arkansas's at-large congressional district and William Collins from the 18th District of New York.
4. Includes two Independent Democrats.
5. Includes 2 Independent Democrats elected to Illinois's 1st congressional district and New York's 17th congressional district – see: Martis, p. 100–101.
6. There was 1 Know Nothing and 1 Independent.
7. Changed from at-large
8. Robert W. Johnson was elected to AR-AL as a Locofoco Democrat.
9. Includes Robert Smith, who was elected to IL-01 as an Independent Democrat.
10. 1 Know Nothing
11. Includes George Petrie, who was elected to NY-17 as an Independent Democrat.
12. One seat had been vacant during the entire 29th Congress.
13. Amos Tuck was elected to NH-01 as an Independent.
14. Redistricting location speculative^{[speculation?]}

References

1. 9 Stat. 58
2. "Our Campaigns - GA District 03 Special Election Race - Jan 05, 1846".
3. "Our Campaigns - AR At-Large Race - Dec 14, 1846". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
4. "Our Campaigns - IL District 7-Special Race - Jan 20, 1847".
5. "MI - District 02 Special Election Race - Nov 02, 1847". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
6. Guide to U.S. Elections. Vol. II (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2010. p. 1006. ISBN 9781604265361. LCCN 2009033938. OCLC 430736650.
7. "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved October 9, 2024.
8. "Our Campaigns - IL District 7 Race - Nov 02, 1846".
9. "Our Campaigns - IA - At Large Race - Oct 26, 1846". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
10. "Our Campaigns - IA - District 01 Race - Aug 02, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
11. "Our Campaigns - IA - District 02 Race - Aug 02, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
12. "Our Campaigns - MA District 7 Race - Nov 09, 1846". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
13. "Our Campaigns - MA District 8 Race - Nov 09, 1849". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
14. "MI - District 01 Race - Nov 03, 1846". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
15. "MI - District 02 Race - Nov 03, 1846". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
16. "MI - District 03 Race - Nov 03, 1846". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
17. "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
18. "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
19. "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
20. "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
21. "Our Campaigns - MO District 1 Race - Aug 02, 1846". www.ourcampaigns.com.
22. "Our Campaigns - MO District 2 Race - Aug 02, 1846". www.ourcampaigns.com.
23. "Our Campaigns - MO District 3 Race - Aug 02, 1846". www.ourcampaigns.com.
24. "Our Campaigns - MO District 4 Race - Aug 02, 1846". www.ourcampaigns.com.
25. "Our Campaigns - MO District 5 Race - Aug 02, 1846". www.ourcampaigns.com.
26. "Our Campaigns - NH District 1 Race - Mar 09, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
27. "Our Campaigns - NH District 1 - Runoff Race - Jul 08, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
28. "Our Campaigns - NH District 2 Race - Mar 09, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com.
29. "Our Campaigns - NH District 3 Race - Mar 09, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com.
30. "Our Campaigns - NH District 3 - Runoff Race - Jul 08, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com.
31. "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
32. "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
33. "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
34. "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
35. "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
36. "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
37. "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
38. "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
39. "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
40. "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
41. "TN - District 11". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
42. Dubin, Michael J. (1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc. Publishers. pp. 142–144. ISBN 0-7864-0283-0.
43. Dubin, Michael J. (1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company Inc. Publishers. pp. 147–150. ISBN 0-7864-0283-0.
44. "VT Elections Database » Vermont Election Results and Statistics". VT Elections Database. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
45. "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved August 31, 2024.
46. "Our Campaigns - WI Territorial Delegate Race - Aug 05, 1845". www.ourcampaigns.com.
47. "Our Campaigns - WI Territorial Delegate Race - Aug 05, 1847". www.ourcampaigns.com.

Bibliography

• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)