The 1856–57 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 4, 1856, and November 4, 1857. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives. 236 representatives were elected in 31 states and the pending new state of Minnesota before the first session of the 35th United States Congress convened on December 7, 1857.
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All 237 seats in the United States House of Representatives 118 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Results Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Know Nothing gain Know Nothing hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The elections briefly returned a semblance of normalcy to the Democratic Party, restoring its House majority alongside the election of Democratic President James Buchanan. However, superficial victory masked severe, ultimately irretrievable divisions over slavery. Voters next would return a Democratic House majority only in 1874.
Party realignments continued. In 1856, the Whig Party disbanded, the Know Nothing movement declined, and its vehicle, the American Party, began to collapse. Many Northern Whig, American, and other Opposition Party Representatives joined the new, rapidly consolidating Republican Party, which contested the Presidency in 1856. Though the Republican Party did not yet demand abolition, its attitude toward slavery was stridently negative. It was an openly sectional Northern party which opposed fugitive slave laws and slavery in the territories. For the first time, the party offered a mainstream platform to outspoken abolitionists.
In March 1857, after almost all Northern states had voted, the Supreme Court issued its infamous Dred Scott decision, amplifying tensions and hardening voter divisions. Remaining elections were concentrated in the South. Southern voters widely drove the American Party from office, rallying to the Democrats in firm opposition to the Republicans.
In October 1857, the pending new state of Minnesota elected its first Representatives, to be seated by the 35th Congress. Between the admissions of Vermont in 1791 and Wisconsin in 1848, Congress had admitted new states roughly in pairs: one slave, one free. California was admitted alone as a free state in 1850 only as part of a comprehensive compromise including significant concessions to slave state interests. Admission of Minnesota in May 1858, also alone but with no such deal, helped expose the declining influence of the South, destroying the formerly binding concept that slave and free state power was best kept in balance even in the Senate while solidifying a sense that the West would exclude slavery.
Election summaries
Two seats were added for the new state of Minnesota, which was unrepresented for part of the 1st session.

133 | 14 | 90 |
Democratic | KN | Republican |
State | Type | Date | Total seats | Democratic | Know Nothing | Republican | |||
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Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||
Arkansas | District | August 4, 1856 | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Iowa | District | 2 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | |
Missouri | District | 7 | 5 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | |
Vermont | District | September 2, 1856 | 3 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() |
Maine | District | September 8, 1856 | 6 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 6 | ![]() |
Florida | At-large | October 6, 1856 | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
South Carolina | District | October 13–14, 1856 | 6 | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Indiana | District | October 14, 1856 | 11 | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 5 | ![]() |
Ohio | District | 21 | 9 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 12 | ![]() | |
Pennsylvania | District | 25 | 15 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 10 | ![]() | |
California | At-large | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | |
Illinois | District | 9 | 5 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 4 | ![]() | |
Massachusetts | District | 11 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 11 | ![]() | |
Michigan | District | 4 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 4 | ![]() | |
New Jersey | District | 5 | 3 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | |
New York | District | 33 | 12 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 21 | ![]() | |
Wisconsin | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() | |
New Hampshire | District | March 10, 1857 | 3 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() |
Rhode Island | District | April 1, 1857 | 2 | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() |
Connecticut | District | April 6, 1857 | 4 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() |
Virginia | District | May 28, 1857 | 13 | 13 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Alabama | District | August 3, 1857 | 7 | 7 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Kentucky | District | 10 | 8 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | |
Texas | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | |
North Carolina | District | August 6, 1857 | 8 | 7 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Tennessee | District | 10 | 7 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | |
Georgia | District | October 5, 1857 | 8 | 6 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Mississippi | District | October 5–6, 1857 | 5 | 5 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Minnesota | At-large | October 13, 1857 | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Louisiana | District | November 3, 1857 | 4 | 3 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Maryland | District | November 4, 1857 | 6 | 3 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Total | 236 | 133 56.1% | ![]() | 14 5.9% | ![]() | 90 38.0% | ![]() |
Special elections
There were a total of thirteen special elections in 1856 and 1857 during the 34th and 35th Congresses.
34th Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member / Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 3 | Laurence M. Keitt | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent resigned July 15, 1856, following the caning of Charles Sumner. Incumbent re-elected July 29, 1856. |
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South Carolina 4 | Preston Brooks | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent resigned July 15, 1856, following the caning of Charles Sumner. Incumbent re-elected July 29, 1856. |
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Missouri 5 | John Gaines Miller | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent died May 11, 1856. New member elected August 4, 1856. Know Nothing gain. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. |
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Illinois 5 | William Alexander Richardson | Democratic | 1847 (special) | Incumbent resigned August 25, 1856, to run for governor of Illinois. New member elected November 4, 1856. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. |
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Illinois 7 | James C. Allen | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent resigned July 18, 1856, amid election challenge. Incumbent re-elected November 4, 1856. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. |
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Illinois 8 | Vacant | Rep.-elect Lyman Trumbull (D) was later elected U.S. senator and took office March 4, 1855. New member elected November 4, 1856. Democratic hold. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. |
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Virginia 1 | Thomas H. Bayly | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent died June 23, 1856. New member elected November 4, 1856. Democratic hold. |
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Kansas Territory at-large | John Wilkins Whitfield | Democratic | 1854 | Seat declared vacant August 1, 1856. Incumbent re-elected November 5, 1856. |
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Vermont 1 | James Meacham | Whig | 1849 (special) | Incumbent died August 23, 1856. New member elected December 1, 1856. Republican gain. |
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35th Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Missouri 3 | Vacant | Rep.-elect James S. Green (D) was later elected U.S. senator and took office January 12, 1857. New member elected August 3, 1857. Democratic hold. |
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Indiana 1 | James Lockhart | Democratic | 1851 1852 (retired) 1856 | Incumbent died September 7, 1857. New member elected October 7, 1857. Democratic hold. |
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Indiana 10 | Samuel Brenton | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent died March 29, 1857. New member elected October 7, 1857. Republican hold. |
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Pennsylvania 12 | John Gallagher Montgomery | Democratic | 1856 | Incumbent died April 24, 1857. New member elected October 13, 1857. Democratic hold. |
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Alabama
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Alabama 1 | Percy Walker | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Alabama 2 | Eli S. Shorter | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 3 | James F. Dowdell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 4 | William Russell Smith | Know Nothing | 1851 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Alabama 5 | George S. Houston | Democratic | 1841 1849 (retired) 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 6 | Williamson R. W. Cobb | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 7 | Sampson Willis Harris | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Arkansas
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas 1 | Alfred B. Greenwood | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 2 | Albert Rust | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
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California
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California at-large 2 seats on a general ticket | James W. Denver | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Philemon T. Herbert | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired after manslaughter acquittal. Democratic hold. |
Connecticut
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut 1 | Ezra Clark Jr. | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Connecticut 2 | John Woodruff | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. |
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Connecticut 3 | Sidney Dean | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Connecticut 4 | William W. Welch | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Delaware
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | Elisha D. Cullen | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Florida
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida at-large | Augustus Maxwell | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Georgia
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Georgia 1 | James Lindsay Seward | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 2 | Martin J. Crawford | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 3 | Robert Pleasant Trippe | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia 4 | Hiram B. Warner | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Georgia 5 | John H. Lumpkin | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Georgia 6 | Howell Cobb | Democratic | 1842 1851 (retired) 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Georgia 7 | Nathaniel Greene Foster | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing hold. |
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Georgia 8 | Alexander H. Stephens | Democratic | 1843 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Illinois 1 | Elihu B. Washburne | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 2 | James Hutchinson Woodworth | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Illinois 3 | Jesse O. Norton | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Illinois 4 | James Knox | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Illinois 5 | Vacant | Rep. William A. Richardson (D) resigned August 25, 1856, to run for governor of Illinois. Democratic hold. Winner was not candidate for unexpired term; see above. |
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Illinois 6 | Thomas L. Harris | Democratic | 1848 1850 (lost) 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Illinois 7 | Vacant | Rep. James C. Allen (D) resigned July 18, 1856, amid election contest. Democratic hold. Winner was not candidate for unexpired term; see above. |
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Illinois 8 | Vacant | Rep.-elect Lyman Trumbull (D) was later elected U.S. senator and took office March 4, 1855. Democratic hold. Winner was not candidate for unexpired term; see above. |
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Illinois 9 | Samuel S. Marshall | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Indiana 1 | Smith Miller | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Indiana 2 | William Hayden English | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Indiana 3 | George Grundy Dunn | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Indiana 4 | William Cumback | People's | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. |
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Indiana 5 | David P. Holloway | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Indiana 6 | Lucien Barbour | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Indiana 7 | Harvey D. Scott | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Indiana 8 | Daniel Mace | People's | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Indiana 9 | Schuyler Colfax | People's | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Indiana 10 | Samuel Brenton | People's | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Indiana 11 | John U. Pettit | People's | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Iowa
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Iowa 1 | Augustus Hall | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Iowa 2 | James Thorington | Whig | 1854 | Incumbent lost renomination as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Kansas Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Kentucky
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kentucky 1 | Henry Cornelius Burnett | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 2 | John P. Campbell Jr. | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent withdrew. Democratic gain. |
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Kentucky 3 | Warner Underwood | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 4 | Albert G. Talbott | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 5 | Joshua Jewett | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 6 | John Milton Elliott | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 7 | Humphrey Marshall | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Kentucky 8 | Alexander Keith Marshall | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Kentucky 9 | Leander Cox | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Kentucky 10 | Samuel F. Swope | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Louisiana
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Louisiana 1 | George Eustis Jr. | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 2 | Miles Taylor | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 3 | Thomas G. Davidson | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Louisiana 4 | John M. Sandidge | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | John M. Wood | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 2 | John J. Perry | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Maine 3 | Ebenezer Knowlton | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Maine 4 | Samuel P. Benson | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Maine 5 | Israel Washburn Jr. | Republican | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 6 | Thomas J. D. Fuller | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Maryland
Elections were held November 3-4, 1857.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maryland 1 | James A. Stewart | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 2 | James B. Ricaud | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 3 | James Morrison Harris | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 4 | Henry Winter Davis | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland 5 | Henry W. Hoffman | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Maryland 6 | Thomas F. Bowie | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Robert B. Hall | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 2 | James Buffinton | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 3 | William S. Damrell | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Linus B. Comins | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 5 | Anson Burlingame | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 6 | Timothy Davis | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 7 | Nathaniel P. Banks | Know Nothing | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 8 | Chauncey L. Knapp | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 9 | Alexander De Witt | Know Nothing | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 10 | Calvin C. Chaffee | Know Nothing | 1855 (special) | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 11 | Mark Trafton | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Michigan
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Michigan 1 | William A. Howard | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 2 | Henry Waldron | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 3 | David S. Walbridge | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan 4 | George W. Peck | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Minnesota
Minnesota Territory elected three members in advance of Minnesota's 1848 statehood. "Although three men won this election, which was held before Minnesota was actually a state, only two representatives from Minnesota were allowed in the congressional bill creating the state in 1858. George L. Becker lost in the drawing of lots to decide who would present their credentials, therefore he did not serve in Congress."
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Minnesota at-large 2 seats on a general ticket | None (New seat) | New state would be admitted May 11, 1858. Democratic gain. | Elected on a general ticket:
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None (New seat) | New state would be admitted May 11, 1858. Democratic gain. |
Mississippi
Elections held late, from October 5 to 6, 1857.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | Daniel B. Wright | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 2 | Hendley S. Bennett | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 3 | William Barksdale | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 4 | William A. Lake | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Mississippi 5 | John A. Quitman | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Missouri
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Missouri 1 | |||||
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Missouri 7 |
Nebraska Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
New Hampshire
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Hampshire 1 | James Pike | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | |
New Hampshire 2 | Mason Tappan | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | |
New Hampshire 3 | Aaron H. Cragin | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
New Jersey
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
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New Jersey 5 |
New York
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
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New York 33 |
North Carolina
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
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North Carolina 8 |
Ohio
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
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Ohio 21 |
Oregon Territory
See non-voting delegates, below.
Pennsylvania
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Pennsylvania 1 | Thomas B. Florence | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Pennsylvania 2 | Job R. Tyson | Whig | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 3 | William Millward | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 4 | Jacob Broom | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 5 | John Cadwalader | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Pennsylvania 6 | John Hickman | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Pennsylvania 7 | Samuel C. Bradshaw | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 8 | J. Glancy Jones | Democratic |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
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Pennsylvania 9 | Anthony E. Roberts | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 10 | John C. Kunkel | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 11 | James H. Campbell | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 12 | Henry M. Fuller | Opposition | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 13 | Asa Packer | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Pennsylvania 14 | Galusha A. Grow | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 15 | John J. Pearce | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 16 | Lemuel Todd | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 17 | David F. Robison | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 18 | John R. Edie | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 19 | John Covode | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 20 | Jonathan Knight | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. |
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Pennsylvania 21 | David Ritchie | Opposition | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 22 | Samuel A. Purviance | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 23 | John Allison | Opposition | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Pennsylvania 24 | David Barclay | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Pennsylvania 25 | John Dick | Opposition | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Rhode Island
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Rhode Island 1 | |||||
Rhode Island 2 |
South Carolina
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | |||||
South Carolina 2 | |||||
South Carolina 3 | |||||
South Carolina 4 | |||||
South Carolina 5 | |||||
South Carolina 6 |
Tennessee
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Albert G. Watkins | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 2 | William H. Sneed | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing hold. |
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Tennessee 3 | Samuel A. Smith | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 4 | John H. Savage | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 5 | Charles Ready | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 6 | George W. Jones | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌![]() |
Tennessee 7 | John V. Wright | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 8 | Felix Zollicoffer | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 9 | Emerson Etheridge | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Tennessee 10 | Thomas Rivers | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Texas
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2020) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Texas 1 | |||||
Texas 2 |
Vermont
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Vermont 1 | George T. Hodges | Republican | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Vermont 2 | Justin S. Morrill | Whig | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. |
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Vermont 3 | Alvah Sabin | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Virginia
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 1 | Muscoe R. H. Garnett | Democratic | 1856 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 2 | John Millson | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 3 | John Caskie | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 4 | William Goode | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 5 | Thomas S. Bocock | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 6 | Paulus Powell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 7 | William Smith | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 8 | Charles J. Faulkner | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 9 | John Letcher | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 10 | Zedekiah Kidwell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Virginia 11 | John S. Carlile | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Virginia 12 | Henry A. Edmundson | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 13 | Fayette McMullen | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Wisconsin
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | Daniel Wells Jr. | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 2 | Cadwallader C. Washburn | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 3 | Charles Billinghurst | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Non-voting delegates
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kansas | John Wilkins Whitfield | Democratic | 1854 1856 (seat vacated) 1856 (special) | Re-elected in 1855 before seat was vacated. Won special 1856 election. Democratic hold. |
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Minnesota | Henry Mower Rice | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. New delegate elected. Democratic hold. District eliminated in 1858 upon Minnesota's statehood. |
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Nebraska | Bird Chapman | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. New delegate elected August 3, 1857. Independent Democratic gain. |
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Oregon | Joseph Lane | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also
- 1856 United States elections
- 1856 United States presidential election
- 1856–57 United States Senate elections
- List of United States House of Representatives elections (1856–present)
- 34th United States Congress
- 35th United States Congress
Notes
- Excludes states admitted during this Congress
- Number of the seats that made up the Parties involved in the Opposition Coalition, excluding the Whig Party.
- In comparison to the performance of the Parties involved in the Opposition Coalition, excluding the Whig Party.
- Included one Independent Whig: Anthony Ellmaker Roberts of Pennsylvania.
- Includes one Independent Democrat (a.k.a. a "Benton Democrat"): Francis Preston Blair Jr. of MO-01. Note that while Martis (p. 110) and Dubin (p. 176) list him as an "Independent Democrat" or "Benton Democrat," others sources (e.g. the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress) list Blair as a "Republican".
- Includes votes for those who ran labeled as an "Independent," "Benton Democrat," "Independent Democrat," or "Independent American."
- Compared to the 100 Opposition Party members in previous election of 1854.
- In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform date for choosing presidential electors (see: Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721). Congressional elections were unaffected by this law, but the date was gradually adopted by the states for congressional elections as well.
- New state. Representatives seated May 11, 1858, during the 1st session.
- First name unknown.
References
- 11 Stat. 166
- "Our Campaigns - KS Territorial Delegate - Special Election Race - Nov 05, 1856".
- Guide to U.S. Elections. Vol. II (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2010. p. 1024. ISBN 9781604265361. LCCN 2009033938. OCLC 430736650.
- "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
- "MI - District 01 Race - Nov 04, 1856". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
- "MI - District 02 Race - Nov 04, 1856". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
- "MI - District 03 Race - Nov 04, 1856". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
- "MI - District 04 Race - Nov 04, 1856". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
- "Our Campaigns - MN At-Large Race - Oct 13, 1857". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- "VT Elections Database » Vermont Election Results and Statistics". VT Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
- "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2014.
- "KS Territorial Delegate – Special Election". Our Campaigns. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
- "Collections of the NSHS - Volume 18". www.usgennet.org.
Bibliography
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)
Author: www.NiNa.Az
Publication date:
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The 1856 57 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 4 1856 and November 4 1857 Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives 236 representatives were elected in 31 states and the pending new state of Minnesota before the first session of the 35th United States Congress convened on December 7 1857 1856 57 United States House of Representatives elections 1854 amp 1855 August 4 1856 November 4 1857 1858 amp 1859 All 237 seats in the United States House of Representatives 118 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Leader James Orr Galusha A Grow Party Democratic Republican Leader s seat South Carolina 5th Pennsylvania 14th Last election 81 seats 46 seats Seats won 132 90 Seat change 51 45 Popular vote 1 805 827 1 425 265 Percentage 46 85 36 98 Swing 2 90pp 21 36pp Third party Fourth party Party Know Nothing Independent Last election 51 seats 1 seats Seats won 14 1 Seat change 37 Popular vote 586 254 34 120 Percentage 15 21 0 89 Swing 4 35pp 1 72ppResults Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Know Nothing gain Know Nothing holdSpeaker before election Nathaniel Banks Know Nothing Elected Speaker James Orr Democratic The elections briefly returned a semblance of normalcy to the Democratic Party restoring its House majority alongside the election of Democratic President James Buchanan However superficial victory masked severe ultimately irretrievable divisions over slavery Voters next would return a Democratic House majority only in 1874 Party realignments continued In 1856 the Whig Party disbanded the Know Nothing movement declined and its vehicle the American Party began to collapse Many Northern Whig American and other Opposition Party Representatives joined the new rapidly consolidating Republican Party which contested the Presidency in 1856 Though the Republican Party did not yet demand abolition its attitude toward slavery was stridently negative It was an openly sectional Northern party which opposed fugitive slave laws and slavery in the territories For the first time the party offered a mainstream platform to outspoken abolitionists In March 1857 after almost all Northern states had voted the Supreme Court issued its infamous Dred Scott decision amplifying tensions and hardening voter divisions Remaining elections were concentrated in the South Southern voters widely drove the American Party from office rallying to the Democrats in firm opposition to the Republicans In October 1857 the pending new state of Minnesota elected its first Representatives to be seated by the 35th Congress Between the admissions of Vermont in 1791 and Wisconsin in 1848 Congress had admitted new states roughly in pairs one slave one free California was admitted alone as a free state in 1850 only as part of a comprehensive compromise including significant concessions to slave state interests Admission of Minnesota in May 1858 also alone but with no such deal helped expose the declining influence of the South destroying the formerly binding concept that slave and free state power was best kept in balance even in the Senate while solidifying a sense that the West would exclude slavery Election summariesTwo seats were added for the new state of Minnesota which was unrepresented for part of the 1st session 133 14 90 Democratic KN Republican State Type Date Total seats Democratic Know Nothing Republican Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Arkansas District August 4 1856 2 2 0 0 Iowa District 2 0 1 0 2 1 Missouri District 7 5 4 2 2 0 6 Vermont District September 2 1856 3 0 0 3 Maine District September 8 1856 6 0 1 0 6 1 Florida At large October 6 1856 1 1 0 0 South Carolina District October 13 14 1856 6 6 0 0 Indiana District October 14 1856 11 6 4 0 5 4 Ohio District 21 9 9 0 12 9 Pennsylvania District 25 15 8 0 1 10 7 California At large November 4 1856 Election Day 2 2 0 0 Delaware At large 1 1 1 0 1 0 Illinois District 9 5 0 4 Massachusetts District 11 0 0 11 11 11 Michigan District 4 0 1 0 4 1 New Jersey District 5 3 2 0 2 2 New York District 33 12 7 0 3 21 4 Wisconsin District 3 0 1 0 3 1 New Hampshire District March 10 1857 3 0 0 3 3 3 Rhode Island District April 1 1857 2 0 0 2 2 2 Connecticut District April 6 1857 4 2 2 0 4 2 2 Virginia District May 28 1857 13 13 1 0 1 0 Alabama District August 3 1857 7 7 2 0 2 0 Kentucky District 10 8 4 2 4 0 Texas District 2 2 1 0 1 0 North Carolina District August 6 1857 8 7 2 1 2 0 Tennessee District 10 7 2 3 2 0 Georgia District October 5 1857 8 6 2 0 Mississippi District October 5 6 1857 5 5 1 0 1 0 Minnesota At large October 13 1857 2 2 2 0 0 Louisiana District November 3 1857 4 3 1 0 Maryland District November 4 1857 6 3 1 3 1 0 Total 236 133 56 1 50 14 5 9 37 90 38 0 10 Popular vote Democratic 46 85 Republican 36 98 Know Nothing 15 21 Independent 0 89 Others 0 07 House seats Democratic 55 70 Republican 37 97 Know Nothing 5 91 Independent 0 42 Special electionsThere were a total of thirteen special elections in 1856 and 1857 during the 34th and 35th Congresses 34th Congress District Incumbent This race Member Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates South Carolina 3 Laurence M Keitt Democratic 1853 Incumbent resigned July 15 1856 following the caning of Charles Sumner Incumbent re elected July 29 1856 Y Laurence M Keitt Democratic 100 0 South Carolina 4 Preston Brooks Democratic 1853 Incumbent resigned July 15 1856 following the caning of Charles Sumner Incumbent re elected July 29 1856 Y Preston Brooks Democratic 100 0 Missouri 5 John Gaines Miller Whig 1850 Incumbent died May 11 1856 New member elected August 4 1856 Know Nothing gain Winner was not a candidate for the full term see below Y Thomas P Akers Know Nothing 55 8 Claiborne Fox Jackson Democratic 44 2 Illinois 5 William Alexander Richardson Democratic 1847 special Incumbent resigned August 25 1856 to run for governor of Illinois New member elected November 4 1856 Winner was not a candidate for the full term see below Y Jacob C Davis Democratic 52 6 Thomas C Sharp Republican 35 2 James B Kyle Unknown 12 2 Illinois 7 James C Allen Democratic 1852 Incumbent resigned July 18 1856 amid election challenge Incumbent re elected November 4 1856 Winner was not a candidate for the full term see below Y James C Allen Democratic 56 3 William Beatty Archer Whig 43 7 Illinois 8 Vacant Rep elect Lyman Trumbull D was later elected U S senator and took office March 4 1855 New member elected November 4 1856 Democratic hold Winner was not a candidate for the full term see below Y James L D Morrison Democratic 56 0 John Thomas Republican 42 9 William H Short Unknown 1 2 Virginia 1 Thomas H Bayly Democratic 1853 Incumbent died June 23 1856 New member elected November 4 1856 Democratic hold Y Muscoe R H Garnett Democratic 51 6 Robert Saunders Jr Know Nothing 48 4 Kansas Territory at large John Wilkins Whitfield Democratic 1854 Seat declared vacant August 1 1856 Incumbent re elected November 5 1856 Y John Wilkins Whitfield Democratic Andrew Horatio Reeder Republican Vermont 1 James Meacham Whig 1849 special Incumbent died August 23 1856 New member elected December 1 1856 Republican gain Y George T Hodges Republican 79 8 Stoddard B Colby Democratic 20 2 35th Congress District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Missouri 3 Vacant Rep elect James S Green D was later elected U S senator and took office January 12 1857 New member elected August 3 1857 Democratic hold Y John Bullock Clark Democratic 58 7 Joseph M Collins Know Nothing 41 3 Indiana 1 James Lockhart Democratic 1851 1852 retired 1856 Incumbent died September 7 1857 New member elected October 7 1857 Democratic hold Y William E Niblack Democratic 99 5 Indiana 10 Samuel Brenton Republican 1854 Incumbent died March 29 1857 New member elected October 7 1857 Republican hold Y Charles Case Republican 52 3 James Worden Democratic 47 7 Pennsylvania 12 John Gallagher Montgomery Democratic 1856 Incumbent died April 24 1857 New member elected October 13 1857 Democratic hold Y Paul Leidy Democratic 61 0 Smith Thompson Republican 39 0 AlabamaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Alabama 1 Percy Walker Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y James A Stallworth Democratic 62 0 John McCaskill Know Nothing 38 0 Alabama 2 Eli S Shorter Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Eli S Shorter Democratic 62 4 Batt Peterson Know Nothing 37 6 Alabama 3 James F Dowdell Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y James F Dowdell Democratic 50 3 Thomas J Judge Know Nothing 49 7 Alabama 4 William Russell Smith Know Nothing 1851 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Sydenham Moore Democratic 56 5 William Russell Smith Know Nothing 43 5 Alabama 5 George S Houston Democratic 1841 1849 retired 1851 Incumbent re elected Y George S Houston Democratic 55 1 David Hubbard Democratic 44 9 Alabama 6 Williamson R W Cobb Democratic 1847 Incumbent re elected Y Williamson R W Cobb Democratic 62 4 Henry Sanford Democratic 37 6 Alabama 7 Sampson Willis Harris Democratic 1847 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Jabez L M Curry Democratic 98 5 ArkansasDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Arkansas 1 Alfred B Greenwood Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y Alfred B Greenwood Democratic 71 4 Hugh Thomason Know Nothing 28 6 Arkansas 2 Albert Rust Democratic 1854 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y Edward A Warren Democratic 57 6 Absalom Fowler Know Nothing 42 4 CaliforniaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates California at large 2 seats on a general ticket James W Denver Democratic 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Charles L Scott Democratic 29 9 Y Joseph C McKibbin Democratic 21 0 A B Dibble Know Nothing 20 7 Ira P Rankin Independent 13 0 J N Turner Republican 12 5 Philemon T Herbert Democratic 1854 Incumbent retired after manslaughter acquittal Democratic hold ConnecticutDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Connecticut 1 Ezra Clark Jr Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Ezra Clark Jr Republican 50 8 Richard D Hubbard Democratic 48 8 Connecticut 2 John Woodruff Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent lost re election as a Republican Democratic gain Y Samuel Arnold Democratic 51 3 John Woodruff Republican 48 6 Connecticut 3 Sidney Dean Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Sidney Dean Republican 54 6 James A Hovey Democratic 45 4 Connecticut 4 William W Welch Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y William D Bishop Democratic 50 0 Orris S Ferry Republican 50 0 DelawareDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Delaware at large Elisha D Cullen Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y William G Whiteley Democratic 56 0 Elisha D Cullen Know Nothing 44 0 FloridaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Florida at large Augustus Maxwell Democratic 1852 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y George S Hawkins Democratic 53 1 James McNair Baker Know Nothing 46 9 GeorgiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Georgia 1 James Lindsay Seward Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y James Lindsay Seward Democratic 51 2 Francis S Bartow Know Nothing 44 4 C S Gaulden Independent 4 4 Georgia 2 Martin J Crawford Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Martin J Crawford Democratic 56 1 Samuel C Elam Know Nothing 43 9 Georgia 3 Robert Pleasant Trippe Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Robert Pleasant Trippe Know Nothing 51 7 Jack Bailey Democratic 48 3 Georgia 4 Hiram B Warner Democratic 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Lucius J Gartrell Democratic 53 6 M M Tidwell Know Nothing 46 4 Georgia 5 John H Lumpkin Democratic 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Augustus R Wright Democratic 61 2 J W Hooper Know Nothing 36 1 Tatum Democratic 2 7 Georgia 6 Howell Cobb Democratic 1842 1851 retired 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y James Jackson Democratic 56 5 Simmons Independent 43 5 Georgia 7 Nathaniel Greene Foster Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired Know Nothing hold Y Joshua Hill Know Nothing 51 5 Linton Stephens Democratic 48 5 Georgia 8 Alexander H Stephens Democratic 1843 special Incumbent re elected Y Alexander H Stephens Democratic 57 1 Thomas W Miller Know Nothing 42 9 IllinoisDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Illinois 1 Elihu B Washburne Republican 1852 Incumbent re elected Y Elihu B Washburne Republican 73 9 Richard S Molony Democratic 25 0 B D Eastman Know Nothing 1 0 Illinois 2 James Hutchinson Woodworth Republican 1854 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y John F Farnsworth Republican 67 2 John Vannortwick Democratic 30 6 B F James Know Nothing 2 2 Illinois 3 Jesse O Norton Republican 1852 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Owen Lovejoy Republican 59 5 Uri Osgood Democratic 40 5 Illinois 4 James Knox Republican 1852 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y William Kellogg Republican 51 1 James W Davidson Democratic 45 8 Arthur H Griffith Know Nothing 3 1 Illinois 5 Vacant Rep William A Richardson D resigned August 25 1856 to run for governor of Illinois Democratic hold Winner was not candidate for unexpired term see above Y Isaac N Morris Democratic 53 7 Jackson Grimshaw Republican 45 8 James S Irwin Know Nothing 0 5 Illinois 6 Thomas L Harris Democratic 1848 1850 lost 1854 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas L Harris Democratic 58 0 John Williams Republican 42 0 Illinois 7 Vacant Rep James C Allen D resigned July 18 1856 amid election contest Democratic hold Winner was not candidate for unexpired term see above Y Aaron Shaw Democratic 56 8 Henry P H Bromwell Republican 43 2 Illinois 8 Vacant Rep elect Lyman Trumbull D was later elected U S senator and took office March 4 1855 Democratic hold Winner was not candidate for unexpired term see above Y Robert Smith Democratic 60 1 James D Lansing Republican 39 9 Illinois 9 Samuel S Marshall Democratic 1854 Incumbent re elected Y Samuel S Marshall Democratic 82 4 Benjamin Ladd Wiley Republican 17 6 IndianaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Indiana 1 Smith Miller Democratic 1852 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y James Lockhart Democratic 61 5 James G Veach Republican 38 5 Indiana 2 William Hayden English Democratic 1852 Incumbent re elected Y William Hayden English Democratic 57 2 John M Wilson Republican 42 8 Indiana 3 George Grundy Dunn People s 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y James Hughes Democratic 53 8 John A Hendricks Republican 46 2 Indiana 4 William Cumback People s 1854 Incumbent lost re election as a Republican Democratic gain Y James Bradford Foley Democratic 53 7 William Cumback Republican 46 3 Indiana 5 David P Holloway People s 1854 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y David Kilgore Republican 60 8 Edmund Johnson Democratic 39 2 Indiana 6 Lucien Barbour People s 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y James M Gregg Democratic 52 1 John Coburn Republican 47 9 Indiana 7 Harvey D Scott People s 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y John G Davis Democratic 53 9 John Palmer Usher Republican 46 1 Indiana 8 Daniel Mace People s 1851 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y James Wilson Republican 50 5 Daniel W Voorhees Democratic 49 5 Indiana 9 Schuyler Colfax People s 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Schuyler Colfax Republican 52 1 William Z Stewart Democratic 47 9 Indiana 10 Samuel Brenton People s 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Samuel Brenton Republican 51 7 Robert Lowry Democratic 48 3 Indiana 11 John U Pettit People s 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y John U Pettit Republican 51 8 William Garver Democratic 48 2 IowaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Iowa 1 Augustus Hall Democratic 1854 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Samuel Ryan Curtis Republican 50 2 Augustus Hall Democratic 47 5 John J Selman Know Nothing 2 3 Iowa 2 James Thorington Whig 1854 Incumbent lost renomination as a Republican Republican gain Y Timothy Davis Republican 58 0 Shepherd Leffler Democratic 42 0 Kansas TerritorySee non voting delegates below KentuckyDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Kentucky 1 Henry Cornelius Burnett Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Henry Cornelius Burnett Democratic 75 3 Owen Grimes Know Nothing 24 7 Kentucky 2 John P Campbell Jr Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent withdrew Democratic gain Y Samuel Peyton Democratic 53 9 James Leeper Johnson Know Nothing 46 1 Kentucky 3 Warner Underwood Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Warner Underwood Know Nothing 50 8 Joseph Horace Lewis Democratic 49 2 Kentucky 4 Albert G Talbott Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Albert G Talbott Democratic 50 6 William Clayton Anderson Know Nothing 49 4 Kentucky 5 Joshua Jewett Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Joshua Jewett Democratic 59 6 Bryan Young Know Nothing 40 4 Kentucky 6 John Milton Elliott Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y John Milton Elliott Democratic 55 7 John A Moore Know Nothing 44 3 Kentucky 7 Humphrey Marshall Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Humphrey Marshall Know Nothing 55 0 Thomas H Holt Democratic 45 0 Kentucky 8 Alexander Keith Marshall Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y James Brown Clay Democratic 50 5 Roger Hanson Know Nothing 49 5 Kentucky 9 Leander Cox Know Nothing 1853 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y John Calvin Mason Democratic 52 0 Leander Cox Know Nothing 48 0 Kentucky 10 Samuel F Swope Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y John W Stevenson Democratic 67 6 William L Rankin Know Nothing 32 4 LouisianaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Louisiana 1 George Eustis Jr Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected Y George Eustis Jr Know Nothing 60 4 Charles J Villiers Democratic 39 6 Louisiana 2 Miles Taylor Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Miles Taylor Democratic 50 3 Glendy Burke Know Nothing 49 7 Louisiana 3 Thomas G Davidson Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas G Davidson Democratic 43 0 George W Watterson Know Nothing 35 4 Laurent J Sigur Independent 21 6 Louisiana 4 John M Sandidge Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y John M Sandidge Democratic 63 5 W H Sparks Know Nothing 36 5 MaineDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Maine 1 John M Wood Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected Y John M Wood Republican 53 4 Josiah S Little Democratic 46 6 Maine 2 John J Perry Republican 1854 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Charles J Gilman Republican 57 3 Eben F Pillsbury Democratic 42 7 Maine 3 Ebenezer Knowlton Republican 1854 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Nehemiah Abbott Republican 56 1 Henry Ingalls Democratic 43 9 Maine 4 Samuel P Benson Republican 1852 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Samuel P Benson Republican 65 1 David Bronson Democratic 34 9 Maine 5 Israel Washburn Jr Republican 1850 Incumbent re elected Y Israel Washburn Jr Republican 60 1 Abraham Sanborn Democratic 39 9 Maine 6 Thomas J D Fuller Democratic 1848 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Stephen Clark Foster Republican 52 9 Amo Wiswell Democratic 47 1 MarylandElections were held November 3 4 1857 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Maryland 1 James A Stewart Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y James A Stewart Democratic 50 70 Teagle Townsend Know Nothing 49 30 Maryland 2 James B Ricaud Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected Y James B Ricaud Know Nothing 52 42 Ramsey McHenry Democratic 47 58 Maryland 3 James Morrison Harris Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected Y James Morrison Harris Know Nothing 61 63 William Pinkney Whyte Democratic 38 37 Maryland 4 Henry Winter Davis Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Henry Winter Davis Know Nothing 72 55 Henry P Brooks Democratic 27 45 Maryland 5 Henry W Hoffman Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Jacob M Kunkel Democratic 50 51 Henry W Hoffman Know Nothing 49 49 Maryland 6 Thomas F Bowie Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas F Bowie Democratic 50 51 William J Blackstone Know Nothing 49 49 MassachusettsDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Massachusetts 1 Robert B Hall Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Robert B Hall Republican 69 73 Moses Bates Democratic 16 14 Daniel Fisher American 14 12 Massachusetts 2 James Buffinton Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y James Buffinton Republican 68 25 Charles R Vickery Democratic 20 58 Darius Dunbar American 7 03 Massachusetts 3 William S Damrell Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y William S Damrell Republican 61 57 Arthur W Austin Democratic 29 96 Alfred B Ely American 8 47 Massachusetts 4 Linus B Comins Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Linus B Comins Republican 45 92 Charles Greene Democratic 39 22 Benjamin F Cooke American 14 85 Massachusetts 5 Anson Burlingame Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Anson Burlingame Republican 50 26 William Appleton American 49 74 Massachusetts 6 Timothy Davis Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Timothy Davis Republican 69 39 Nathaniel J Lord Democratic 22 21 Benjamin Perley American 7 74 Scattering 0 66 Massachusetts 7 Nathaniel P Banks Know Nothing 1852 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Nathaniel P Banks Republican 61 95 Isaac H Wright Democratic 26 31 Isaac Story American 11 74 Massachusetts 8 Chauncey L Knapp Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Chauncey L Knapp Republican 70 36 Benjamin Butler Democratic 26 97 Abiel Lewis American 2 66 Massachusetts 9 Alexander De Witt Know Nothing 1852 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Eli Thayer Republican 53 69 Alexander De Witt American 26 57 Nathaniel Wood Democratic 17 98 Alfred Mowrey American 1 76 Massachusetts 10 Calvin C Chaffee Know Nothing 1855 special Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Calvin C Chaffee Republican 72 66 William C Fowler American 27 34 Massachusetts 11 Mark Trafton Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Henry L Dawes Republican 43 85 Mark Trafton American 27 41 Josiah D Weston Democratic 28 74 MichiganDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Michigan 1 William A Howard Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected Y William A Howard Republican 51 6 George V N Lothrop Democratic 48 4 Michigan 2 Henry Waldron Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected Y Henry Waldron Republican 62 1 John S Barry Democratic 37 9 Michigan 3 David S Walbridge Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected Y David S Walbridge Republican 59 3 Flavius Littlejohn Democratic 40 7 Michigan 4 George W Peck Democratic 1854 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Dewitt C Leach Republican 55 7 George W Peck Democratic 44 3 MinnesotaMinnesota Territory elected three members in advance of Minnesota s 1848 statehood Although three men won this election which was held before Minnesota was actually a state only two representatives from Minnesota were allowed in the congressional bill creating the state in 1858 George L Becker lost in the drawing of lots to decide who would present their credentials therefore he did not serve in Congress District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Minnesota at large 2 seats on a general ticket None New seat New state would be admitted May 11 1858 Democratic gain Elected on a general ticket Y William Wallace Phelps Democratic 17 3 Y James M Cavanaugh Democratic 17 2 Y George Loomis Becker Democratic 17 1 Henry Adoniram Swift Republican 16 2 Cyrus Aldrich Republican 16 1 Morton S Wilkinson Republican 16 1 None New seat New state would be admitted May 11 1858 Democratic gain MississippiElections held late from October 5 to 6 1857 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Mississippi 1 Daniel B Wright Democratic 1853 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Lucius Q C Lamar Democratic 63 76 James L Alcorn Know Nothing 36 24 Mississippi 2 Hendley S Bennett Democratic 1855 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y Reuben Davis Democratic 65 30 Charles Clark Know Nothing 34 70 Mississippi 3 William Barksdale Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y William Barksdale Democratic 98 21 Scattering 1 79 Mississippi 4 William A Lake Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Otho R Singleton Democratic 55 04 William A Lake Know Nothing 44 97 Mississippi 5 John A Quitman Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y John A Quitman Democratic 98 47 Scattering 1 53 MissouriThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Missouri 1 Missouri 2 Missouri 3 Missouri 4 Missouri 5 Missouri 6 Missouri 7Nebraska TerritorySee non voting delegates below New HampshireThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates New Hampshire 1 James Pike Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain New Hampshire 2 Mason Tappan Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain New Hampshire 3 Aaron H Cragin Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain New JerseyThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates New Jersey 1 New Jersey 2 New Jersey 3 New Jersey 4 New Jersey 5New YorkThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates New York 1 New York 2 New York 3 New York 4 New York 5 New York 6 New York 7 New York 8 New York 9 New York 10 New York 11 New York 12 New York 13 New York 14 New York 15 New York 16 New York 17 New York 18 New York 19 New York 20 New York 21 New York 22 New York 23 New York 24 New York 25 New York 26 New York 27 New York 28 New York 29 New York 30 New York 31 New York 32 New York 33North CarolinaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates North Carolina 1 North Carolina 2 North Carolina 3 North Carolina 4 North Carolina 5 North Carolina 6 North Carolina 7 North Carolina 8OhioThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Ohio 1 Ohio 2 Ohio 3 Ohio 4 Ohio 5 Ohio 6 Ohio 7 Ohio 8 Ohio 9 Ohio 10 Ohio 11 Ohio 12 Ohio 13 Ohio 14 Ohio 15 Ohio 16 Ohio 17 Ohio 18 Ohio 19 Ohio 20 Ohio 21Oregon TerritorySee non voting delegates below PennsylvaniaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Pennsylvania 1 Thomas B Florence Democratic 1850 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas B Florence Democratic 56 62 Edward B Knight Republican 43 38 Pennsylvania 2 Job R Tyson Whig 1854 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Edward Joy Morris Republican 51 58 John A Marshall Democratic 48 42 Pennsylvania 3 William Millward Opposition 1854 Incumbent lost re election as a Republican Democratic gain Y James Landy Democratic 54 02 William Millward Republican 45 98 Pennsylvania 4 Jacob Broom Know Nothing 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y Henry M Phillips Democratic 50 72 Robert Faust Know Nothing 35 86 William D Kelley Republican 13 43 Pennsylvania 5 John Cadwalader Democratic 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Owen Jones Democratic 54 86 Daniel H Mulvany Whig 45 14 Pennsylvania 6 John Hickman Democratic 1854 Incumbent re elected Y John Hickman Democratic 48 91 John S Bowen Republican 47 85 John Larkin Jr Know Nothing 3 24 Pennsylvania 7 Samuel C Bradshaw Opposition 1854 Incumbent lost re election as a Republican Democratic gain Y Henry Chapman Democratic 54 01 Samuel C Bradshaw Republican 45 99 Pennsylvania 8 J Glancy Jones Democratic 1850 1852 retired 1854 special Incumbent re elected Y J Glancy Jones Democratic 71 60 David Yoder Republican 28 40 Pennsylvania 9 Anthony E Roberts Opposition 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Anthony E Roberts Republican 54 59 Isaac E Heister Democratic 45 41 Pennsylvania 10 John C Kunkel Opposition 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y John C Kunkel Republican 55 63 Henry C Eyer Democratic 44 37 Pennsylvania 11 James H Campbell Opposition 1854 Incumbent lost re election as a Republican Democratic gain Y William L Dewart Democratic 58 26 James H Campbell Republican 41 74 Pennsylvania 12 Henry M Fuller Opposition 1850 1852 lost 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y John G Montgomery Democratic 57 69 Elhanan Smith Republican 42 31 Pennsylvania 13 Asa Packer Democratic 1852 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y William H Dimmick Democratic 68 93 Samuel E Demmick Republican 31 07 Pennsylvania 14 Galusha A Grow Democratic 1850 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Galusha A Grow Republican 71 31 Daniel L Sherwood Democratic 28 69 Pennsylvania 15 John J Pearce Opposition 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y Allison White Democratic 51 36 William H Irvin Republican 48 64 Pennsylvania 16 Lemuel Todd Opposition 1854 Incumbent lost re election as a Republican Democratic gain Y John A Ahl Democratic 53 75 Lemuel Todd Republican 46 25 Pennsylvania 17 David F Robison Opposition 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y Wilson Reilly Democratic 51 28 Joseph Pumroy Republican 48 72 Pennsylvania 18 John R Edie Opposition 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y John R Edie Republican 50 91 Cyrus L Pershing Democratic 49 09 Pennsylvania 19 John Covode Opposition 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y John Covode Union 54 40 Alexander McKinney Democratic 45 60 Pennsylvania 20 Jonathan Knight Opposition 1854 Incumbent lost re election as a Republican Democratic gain Y William Montgomery Democratic 52 15 Jonathan Knight Republican 47 85 Pennsylvania 21 David Ritchie Opposition 1852 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y David Ritchie Republican 54 45 Wilson McCandless Democratic 42 17 William M Wright Know Nothing 3 38 Pennsylvania 22 Samuel A Purviance Opposition 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Samuel A Purviance Republican 57 09 James Gibson Democratic 40 51 Alexander Wadlow Know Nothing 2 40 Pennsylvania 23 John Allison Opposition 1850 1852 lost 1854 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y William Stewart Republican 61 00 Thomas Cunningham Democratic 39 00 Pennsylvania 24 David Barclay Democratic 1854 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y James L Gillis Democratic 51 75 James S Myers Republican 48 25 Pennsylvania 25 John Dick Opposition 1852 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y John Dick Republican 67 97 James A McFadden Democratic 32 03 Rhode IslandThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Rhode Island 1 Rhode Island 2South CarolinaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates South Carolina 1 South Carolina 2 South Carolina 3 South Carolina 4 South Carolina 5 South Carolina 6TennesseeDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Tennessee 1 Albert G Watkins Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y Albert G Watkins Democratic 50 58 Nathaniel G Taylor Know Nothing 49 42 Tennessee 2 William H Sneed Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired Know Nothing hold Y Horace Maynard Know Nothing 50 89 Wayne W Wallace Democratic 49 11 Tennessee 3 Samuel A Smith Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y Samuel A Smith Democratic 52 98 William Heiskell Know Nothing 47 02 Tennessee 4 John H Savage Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y John H Savage Democratic 55 16 Joseph Pickett Know Nothing 44 84 Tennessee 5 Charles Ready Know Nothing 1853 Incumbent re elected Y Charles Ready Know Nothing 51 25 Joseph Guild Democratic 48 75 Tennessee 6 George W Jones Democratic 1842 Incumbent re elected Y George W Jones Democratic 100 Tennessee 7 John V Wright Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected Y John V Wright Democratic 83 81 D E McElrath Know Nothing 16 19 Tennessee 8 Felix Zollicoffer Know Nothing 1853 Incumbent re elected Y Felix Zollicoffer Know Nothing 52 18 James M Quarles Democratic 47 82 Tennessee 9 Emerson Etheridge Know Nothing 1853 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y John D C Atkins Democratic 50 37 Emerson Etheridge Know Nothing 49 63 Tennessee 10 Thomas Rivers Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y William T Avery Democratic 51 32 William H Stevens Know Nothing 48 68 TexasThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2020 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Texas 1 Texas 2VermontDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Vermont 1 George T Hodges Republican Incumbent retired Republican hold Y E P Walton Republican 71 1 Horatio Needham Democratic 28 6 John Pierpoint Free Soil 4 7 Vermont 2 Justin S Morrill Whig 1854 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Y Justin S Morrill Republican 76 1 Democratic 23 8 Vermont 3 Alvah Sabin Whig 1852 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Homer Elihu Royce Republican 73 9 Democratic 25 9 VirginiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Virginia 1 Muscoe R H Garnett Democratic 1856 special Incumbent re elected Y Muscoe R H Garnett Democratic 57 1 John Critcher Know Nothing 42 9 Virginia 2 John Millson Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y John Millson Democratic 100 Virginia 3 John Caskie Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y John Caskie Democratic 63 7 A Judson Crane Know Nothing 36 3 Virginia 4 William Goode Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y William Goode Democratic 76 0 FNU Collier Know Nothing 24 0 Virginia 5 Thomas S Bocock Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas S Bocock Democratic 100 Virginia 6 Paulus Powell Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y Paulus Powell Democratic 100 Virginia 7 William Smith Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y William Smith Democratic 57 5 Edgar Snowden Sr Know Nothing 42 5 Virginia 8 Charles J Faulkner Democratic 1853 Incumbent re elected Y Charles J Faulkner Democratic 59 5 William Lucas Know Nothing 40 5 Virginia 9 John Letcher Democratic 1851 Incumbent re elected Y John Letcher Democratic 75 3 FNU Imboden Unknown 24 7 Virginia 10 Zedekiah Kidwell Democratic 1853 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Sherrard Clemens Democratic 71 5 FNU Dunnington Know Nothing 28 5 Virginia 11 John S Carlile Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Albert G Jenkins Democratic 53 8 John S Carlile Know Nothing 46 2 Virginia 12 Henry A Edmundson Democratic 1849 Incumbent re elected Y Henry A Edmundson Democratic 100 Virginia 13 Fayette McMullen Democratic 1849 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y George W Hopkins Democratic 50 3 Elbert S Martin Know Nothing 49 7 WisconsinDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Wisconsin 1 Daniel Wells Jr Democratic 1852 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y John F Potter Republican 50 6 Jackson Hadley Democratic 49 4 Wisconsin 2 Cadwallader C Washburn Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected Y Cadwallader C Washburn Republican 61 8 Samuel Crawford Democratic 38 2 Wisconsin 3 Charles Billinghurst Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected Y Charles Billinghurst Republican 52 0 Harrison Carroll Hobart Democratic 48 0 Non voting delegatesDistrict Incumbent This race Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates Kansas John Wilkins Whitfield Democratic 1854 1856 seat vacated 1856 special Re elected in 1855 before seat was vacated Won special 1856 election Democratic hold Y John Wilkins Whitfield Democratic Andrew H Reeder Free State Democrat Minnesota Henry Mower Rice Democratic 1852 Incumbent retired New delegate elected Democratic hold District eliminated in 1858 upon Minnesota s statehood Y William W Kingsbury Democratic data missing Nebraska Bird Chapman Democratic 1854 Incumbent lost re election New delegate elected August 3 1857 Independent Democratic gain Y Fenner Ferguson Independent Democratic Bird Chapman Democratic Oregon Joseph Lane Democratic 1851 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph Lane Democratic data missing See also1856 United States elections 1856 United States presidential election 1856 57 United States Senate elections List of United States House of Representatives elections 1856 present 34th United States Congress 35th United States CongressNotesExcludes states admitted during this Congress Number of the seats that made up the Parties involved in the Opposition Coalition excluding the Whig Party In comparison to the performance of the Parties involved in the Opposition Coalition excluding the Whig Party Included one Independent Whig Anthony Ellmaker Roberts of Pennsylvania Includes one Independent Democrat a k a a Benton Democrat Francis Preston Blair Jr of MO 01 Note that while Martis p 110 and Dubin p 176 list him as an Independent Democrat or Benton Democrat others sources e g the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress list Blair as a Republican Includes votes for those who ran labeled as an Independent Benton Democrat Independent Democrat or Independent American Compared to the 100 Opposition Party members in previous election of 1854 In 1845 Congress passed a law providing for a uniform date for choosing presidential electors see Statutes at Large 28th Congress 2nd Session p 721 Congressional elections were unaffected by this law but the date was gradually adopted by the states for congressional elections as well New state Representatives seated May 11 1858 during the 1st session First name unknown References11 Stat 166 Our Campaigns KS Territorial Delegate Special Election Race Nov 05 1856 Guide to U S Elections Vol II 6th ed Washington D C CQ Press 2010 p 1024 ISBN 9781604265361 LCCN 2009033938 OCLC 430736650 State of Connecticut Elections Database Search Past Election Results State of Connecticut Elections Database Retrieved 2024 10 09 MI District 01 Race Nov 04 1856 Our Campaigns January 11 2010 Retrieved June 27 2022 MI District 02 Race Nov 04 1856 Our Campaigns January 11 2010 Retrieved June 27 2022 MI District 03 Race Nov 04 1856 Our Campaigns January 11 2010 Retrieved June 27 2022 MI District 04 Race Nov 04 1856 Our Campaigns January 11 2010 Retrieved June 27 2022 Our Campaigns MN At Large Race Oct 13 1857 www ourcampaigns com MS District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved 9 March 2021 MS District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved 9 March 2021 MS District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved 9 March 2021 MS District 04 Our Campaigns Retrieved 9 March 2021 MS District 05 Our Campaigns Retrieved 9 March 2021 TN District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 04 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 05 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 06 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 07 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 08 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 09 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 TN District 10 Our Campaigns Retrieved 17 February 2021 VT Elections Database Vermont Election Results and Statistics VT Elections Database Retrieved 2024 08 29 Virginia Elections Database Virginia Election Results and Statistics Virginia Elections Database Retrieved 2024 09 02 Wisconsin U S House Election Results PDF Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs Archived from the original PDF on April 5 2012 Retrieved August 27 2014 KS Territorial Delegate Special Election Our Campaigns Retrieved November 15 2023 Collections of the NSHS Volume 18 www usgennet org BibliographyDubin Michael J March 1 1998 United States Congressional Elections 1788 1997 The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses McFarland and Company ISBN 978 0786402830 Martis Kenneth C January 1 1989 The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress 1789 1989 Macmillan Publishing Company ISBN 978 0029201701 Moore John L ed 1994 Congressional Quarterly s Guide to U S Elections Third ed Congressional Quarterly Inc ISBN 978 0871879967 Party Divisions of the House of Representatives 1789 Present Office of the Historian House of United States House of Representatives Retrieved January 21 2015 External linksOffice of the Historian Office of Art amp Archives Office of the Clerk U S House of Representatives