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The 1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts was held in March 1873 to fill the vacancy left by Senator Henry Wilson, who resigned to become Vice President of the United States. George S. Boutwell won the election.
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Majority vote of the Massachusetts Legislature needed to win | |||||||||||||||||
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At the time, Massachusetts elected United States senators by a majority vote of each separate house of the Massachusetts General Court, the House and the Senate. However, the Senate deadlocked in this race; it was moved that both houses would vote as one, and Boutwell won the combined vote.
Background
At the time, the Massachusetts legislature was dominated the Republican Party. Republicans held all but one of the State Senate seats and 211 of 240 state House seats.
Incumbent Senator Henry Wilson resigned from office upon his election as Vice President of the United States, creating a vacancy for the term ending in 1877.
Election
March 11
Both houses of the General Court began balloting on March 11. Boutwell achieved a majority of the House on the second ballot, but the Senate deadlocked.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | George S. Boutwell | 110 | 46.41% | |
| Republican | Henry L. Dawes | 83 | 35.02% | |
| Republican | George B. Loring | 16 | 6.75% | |
| Republican | William Whiting | 9 | 3.80% | |
| Republican | Nathaniel Prentiss Banks | 9 | 3.80% | |
| Republican | Ebenezer R. Hoar | 7 | 2.95% | |
| Unknown | William G. Whittier | 1 | 0.42% | |
| Republican | William E. Sanford | 1 | 0.42% | |
| Democratic | John K. Tarbox | 1 | 0.42% | |
| Total votes | 237 | 100.00% | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | George S. Boutwell | 124 | 52.10% | |
| Republican | Henry L. Dawes | 92 | 38.66% | |
| Republican | George B. Loring | 10 | 4.20% | |
| Republican | William Whiting | 6 | 2.52% | |
| Republican | William E. Sanford | 2 | 0.84% | |
| Democratic | John K. Tarbox | 2 | 0.84% | |
| Republican | Nathaniel Prentiss Banks | 1 | 0.42% | |
| Republican | Ebenezer R. Hoar | 1 | 0.42% | |
| Total votes | 238 | 100.00% | ||
Senate President George Loring, who was a candidate for the seat, did not vote. One member was absent.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Henry L. Dawes | 11 | 28.95% | |
| Republican | George S. Boutwell | 10 | 26.32% | |
| Republican | George B. Loring | 9 | 23.68% | |
| Republican | Ebenezer R. Hoar | 4 | 10.53% | |
| Republican | William Whiting | 2 | 5.26% | |
| Republican | George Frisbie Hoar | 1 | 2.63% | |
| Democratic | Charles Gordon Greene | 1 | 2.63% | |
| Total votes | 38 | 100.00% | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Henry L. Dawes | 12 | 31.58% | |
| Republican | George S. Boutwell | 9 | 23.68% | |
| Republican | George B. Loring | 9 | 23.68% | |
| Republican | Ebenezer R. Hoar | 4 | 10.53% | |
| Republican | William Whiting | 2 | 5.26% | |
| Republican | George Frisbie Hoar | 1 | 2.63% | |
| Democratic | Charles Gordon Greene | 1 | 2.63% | |
| Total votes | 38 | 100.00% | ||
The third and fourth ballots were identical.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Henry L. Dawes | 15 | 39.47% | |
| Republican | George S. Boutwell | 10 | 26.32% | |
| Republican | George B. Loring | 8 | 21.05% | |
| Republican | William Whiting | 2 | 5.26% | |
| Republican | Ebenezer R. Hoar | 1 | 2.63% | |
| Republican | George Frisbie Hoar | 1 | 2.63% | |
| Democratic | Charles Gordon Greene | 1 | 2.63% | |
| Total votes | 38 | 100.00% | ||
March 12
Following Boutwell's victory in the House, it was widely expected the Senate would ratify their choice the next day. Dawes supporters convened a caucus and decided to continue their support. On the next day, it was moved that both Houses would vote as one to ratify the choice.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | George S. Boutwell | 152 | 55.27% | |
| Republican | Henry L. Dawes | 115 | 41.82% | |
| Republican | George B. Loring | 2 | 0.73% | |
| Democratic | John K. Tarbox | 2 | 0.73% | |
| Republican | William Whiting | 2 | 0.73% | |
| Democratic | Charles Gordon Greene | 2 | 0.73% | |
| Total votes | 275 | 100.00% | ||
References
- Cornelius Dalton; John Wirkkala; Anne Thomas (1984). "Political Complexion of the General Court 1867-1980". Leading the Way: a History of the Massachusetts General Court, 1629-1980. Boston: Massachusetts Secretary of State. p. 441+. ISBN 0961391502.
- "Composition of the Massachusetts State Senate", Resources on Massachusetts Political Figures in the State Library, Mass.gov, archived from the original on June 6, 2020
- "Composition of the State of Massachusetts House of Representatives", Resources on Massachusetts Political Figures in the State Library, Mass.gov, archived from the original on June 6, 2020
- "Henry Wilson's Successor: Secretary Boutwell's Chances". The New York Times. March 12, 1873. p. 4.
- "Election of Ex-Secretary Boutwell as United States Senator". The New York Times. March 13, 1873. p. 1.
Author: www.NiNa.Az
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The 1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts was held in March 1873 to fill the vacancy left by Senator Henry Wilson who resigned to become Vice President of the United States George S Boutwell won the election 1873 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts 1871 March 11 and 12 1873 1877 Majority vote of the Massachusetts Legislature needed to win Nominee George S Boutwell Henry L Dawes Party Republican Republican Percentage 55 27 41 82 Votes 152 115Senator before election Henry Wilson Republican Elected Senator George S Boutwell Republican At the time Massachusetts elected United States senators by a majority vote of each separate house of the Massachusetts General Court the House and the Senate However the Senate deadlocked in this race it was moved that both houses would vote as one and Boutwell won the combined vote BackgroundAt the time the Massachusetts legislature was dominated the Republican Party Republicans held all but one of the State Senate seats and 211 of 240 state House seats Incumbent Senator Henry Wilson resigned from office upon his election as Vice President of the United States creating a vacancy for the term ending in 1877 ElectionMarch 11 Both houses of the General Court began balloting on March 11 Boutwell achieved a majority of the House on the second ballot but the Senate deadlocked First House ballot Party Candidate Votes Republican George S Boutwell 110 46 41 Republican Henry L Dawes 83 35 02 Republican George B Loring 16 6 75 Republican William Whiting 9 3 80 Republican Nathaniel Prentiss Banks 9 3 80 Republican Ebenezer R Hoar 7 2 95 Unknown William G Whittier 1 0 42 Republican William E Sanford 1 0 42 Democratic John K Tarbox 1 0 42 Total votes 237 100 00 Second House ballot Party Candidate Votes Republican George S Boutwell 124 52 10 Republican Henry L Dawes 92 38 66 Republican George B Loring 10 4 20 Republican William Whiting 6 2 52 Republican William E Sanford 2 0 84 Democratic John K Tarbox 2 0 84 Republican Nathaniel Prentiss Banks 1 0 42 Republican Ebenezer R Hoar 1 0 42 Total votes 238 100 00 Senate President George Loring who was a candidate for the seat did not vote One member was absent First Senate ballot Party Candidate Votes Republican Henry L Dawes 11 28 95 Republican George S Boutwell 10 26 32 Republican George B Loring 9 23 68 Republican Ebenezer R Hoar 4 10 53 Republican William Whiting 2 5 26 Republican George Frisbie Hoar 1 2 63 Democratic Charles Gordon Greene 1 2 63 Total votes 38 100 00 Second Senate ballot Party Candidate Votes Republican Henry L Dawes 12 31 58 Republican George S Boutwell 9 23 68 Republican George B Loring 9 23 68 Republican Ebenezer R Hoar 4 10 53 Republican William Whiting 2 5 26 Republican George Frisbie Hoar 1 2 63 Democratic Charles Gordon Greene 1 2 63 Total votes 38 100 00 The third and fourth ballots were identical Third and fourth Senate ballot Party Candidate Votes Republican Henry L Dawes 15 39 47 Republican George S Boutwell 10 26 32 Republican George B Loring 8 21 05 Republican William Whiting 2 5 26 Republican Ebenezer R Hoar 1 2 63 Republican George Frisbie Hoar 1 2 63 Democratic Charles Gordon Greene 1 2 63 Total votes 38 100 00 March 12 Following Boutwell s victory in the House it was widely expected the Senate would ratify their choice the next day Dawes supporters convened a caucus and decided to continue their support On the next day it was moved that both Houses would vote as one to ratify the choice Joint ballot Party Candidate Votes Republican George S Boutwell 152 55 27 Republican Henry L Dawes 115 41 82 Republican George B Loring 2 0 73 Democratic John K Tarbox 2 0 73 Republican William Whiting 2 0 73 Democratic Charles Gordon Greene 2 0 73 Total votes 275 100 00 ReferencesCornelius Dalton John Wirkkala Anne Thomas 1984 Political Complexion of the General Court 1867 1980 Leading the Way a History of the Massachusetts General Court 1629 1980 Boston Massachusetts Secretary of State p 441 ISBN 0961391502 Composition of the Massachusetts State Senate Resources on Massachusetts Political Figures in the State Library Mass gov archived from the original on June 6 2020 Composition of the State of Massachusetts House of Representatives Resources on Massachusetts Political Figures in the State Library Mass gov archived from the original on June 6 2020 Henry Wilson s Successor Secretary Boutwell s Chances The New York Times March 12 1873 p 4 Election of Ex Secretary Boutwell as United States Senator The New York Times March 13 1873 p 1