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The 1988 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 8, 1988, as part of the 1988 United States presidential election, which was held throughout all 50 states and D.C. Voters chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
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Vermont voted for the Republican nominee, Vice President George H. W. Bush, over the Democratic nominee, Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis, by a narrow margin of 3.52%. Bush took 51.10% of the vote to Dukakis's 47.58%. This was one of only two times in the state's history (the other being William Howard Taft's 1.91% victory margin in 1912) that Vermont was decided by a margin of less than 5.00%, as the state spent little time as a swing state during its transition from being the most historically Republican state to the most Democratic.
While the Republicans held onto Vermont's three electoral votes once more, the closeness of the race represented a turning point in the state's political history. Vermont had once been one of the most Republican areas in the country, historically having voted Republican more times than any other state, often by landslide margins. From 1856 to 1984, the state had gone Republican in every presidential election except for the 1964 Democratic landslide. Despite this history, Vermont was considered a swing state in 1988, and the Dukakis campaign targeted it in its electoral strategy. In this election, the state weighed in as about 4% more Democratic than the nation. With the exception of Lyndon Johnson in 1964, Dukakis’ performance was the best of any Democratic presidential candidate in Vermont until Bill Clinton won the state in 1992.
Bush lost Addison and Windham counties, which had only voted Democratic once, in 1964, thus he became the first Republican to ever win without either of those counties. Like the rest of liberal and secular New England, Vermont in the 1980s began moving to the Democratic Party as the Republican Party became increasingly dominated by conservatives, Southerners, and Evangelical Christians. As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last time that a Republican would carry the state of Vermont in a presidential election, and in the following three decades, it would become regarded as one of the bluest of blue states. It would also be the last time the Republicans would carry the counties of Bennington, Lamoille, Rutland, Washington and Windsor. This is also the last time that a Republican has won over 60% of the vote in any county in Vermont, which Bush did in the counties of Caledonia and Essex.
To date, this is the last time that the cities of Rutland and Vergennes, as well as the towns of Albany, Arlington, Berlin, Bethel, Bolton, Brandon, Brookline, Cambridge, Chester, Colchester, Dover, East Montpelier, Elmore, Essex, Fairlee, Goshen, Grafton, Grand Isle, Granville, Halifax, Hardwick, Hartford, Hartland, Hubbardton, Hyde Park, Jamaica, Jericho, Johnson, Killington, Kirby, Ludlow, Middletown Springs, Moretown, Morristown, Mount Holly, Peacham, Pomfret, Proctor, Randolph, Reading, Rochester, Salisbury, Shaftsbury, Sharon, Shelburne, Shrewsbury, South Hero, Springfield, St. Albans, St. George, Stockbridge, Stowe, Sudbury, Townshend, Waitsfield, Walden, Waltham, Waterbury, Weathersfield, West Windsor, Williston, Wilmington, Winhall, Wolcott, and Woodstock voted Republican.
Results
| 1988 United States presidential election in Vermont | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |
| Republican | George H. W. Bush | 124,331 | 51.10% | 3 | |
| Democratic | Michael Dukakis | 115,775 | 47.58% | 0 | |
| No party | Write-ins | 1,140 | 0.47% | 0 | |
| Libertarian | Ron Paul | 1,003 | 0.41% | 0 | |
| Independent | Lyndon LaRouche | 275 | 0.11% | 0 | |
| New Alliance | Lenora Fulani | 205 | 0.08% | 0 | |
| America First | David Duke | 190 | 0.08% | 0 | |
| Peace and Freedom | Herbert G. Lewin | 161 | 0.07% | 0 | |
| Liberty Union (Socialist) | Willa Kenoyer | 142 | 0.06% | 0 | |
| Socialist Workers | James Warren | 111 | 0.05% | 0 | |
| Totals | 243,333 | 100.00% | 3 | ||
| Voter Turnout (Voting age/Registered) | 59%/70% | ||||
Results by county
| County | George H.W. Bush Republican | Michael Dukakis Democratic | Various candidates Write-ins | Ron Paul Libertarian | Various candidates Other parties | Margin | Total votes cast | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Addison | 6,773 | 49.09% | 6,791 | 49.22% | 63 | 0.46% | 93 | 0.67% | 77 | 0.56% | -18 | -0.13% | 13,797 |
| Bennington | 8,387 | 53.34% | 7,174 | 45.62% | 39 | 0.25% | 55 | 0.35% | 70 | 0.45% | 1,213 | 7.72% | 15,725 |
| Caledonia | 6,915 | 61.13% | 4,251 | 37.58% | 57 | 0.50% | 52 | 0.46% | 37 | 0.33% | 2,664 | 23.55% | 11,312 |
| Chittenden | 27,380 | 47.75% | 29,185 | 50.89% | 266 | 0.46% | 301 | 0.52% | 214 | 0.37% | -1,805 | -3.14% | 57,346 |
| Essex | 1,535 | 64.20% | 837 | 35.01% | 5 | 0.21% | 6 | 0.25% | 8 | 0.33% | 698 | 29.19% | 2,391 |
| Franklin | 7,293 | 49.16% | 7,372 | 49.70% | 61 | 0.41% | 49 | 0.33% | 59 | 0.40% | -79 | -0.54% | 14,834 |
| Grand Isle | 1,316 | 48.24% | 1,369 | 50.18% | 7 | 0.26% | 22 | 0.81% | 14 | 0.51% | -53 | -1.94% | 2,728 |
| Lamoille | 4,433 | 54.51% | 3,561 | 43.78% | 49 | 0.60% | 43 | 0.53% | 47 | 0.58% | 872 | 10.73% | 8,133 |
| Orange | 6,151 | 54.35% | 4,977 | 43.97% | 56 | 0.49% | 79 | 0.70% | 55 | 0.49% | 1,174 | 10.38% | 11,318 |
| Orleans | 5,257 | 54.70% | 4,224 | 43.95% | 69 | 0.72% | 25 | 0.26% | 36 | 0.37% | 1,033 | 10.75% | 9,611 |
| Rutland | 14,482 | 55.15% | 11,496 | 43.78% | 118 | 0.45% | 62 | 0.24% | 103 | 0.39% | 2,986 | 11.37% | 26,261 |
| Washington | 13,253 | 50.40% | 12,690 | 48.26% | 138 | 0.52% | 77 | 0.29% | 136 | 0.52% | 563 | 2.14% | 26,294 |
| Windham | 8,572 | 45.96% | 9,839 | 52.75% | 77 | 0.41% | 48 | 0.26% | 117 | 0.63% | -1,267 | -6.79% | 18,653 |
| Windsor | 12,584 | 50.48% | 12,009 | 48.17% | 135 | 0.54% | 91 | 0.37% | 111 | 0.45% | 575 | 2.31% | 24,930 |
| Totals | 124,331 | 51.10% | 115,775 | 47.58% | 1,140 | 0.47% | 1,003 | 0.41% | 1,084 | 0.45% | 8,556 | 3.52% | 243,333 |
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
- Addison
- Chittenden
- Franklin
- Grand Isle
- Windham
See also
- United States presidential elections in Vermont
References
- "DUKAKIS ELECTORAL STRATEGY SET - The Washington Post".
- Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
- "1988 Presidential General Election Results - Vermont". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved February 7, 2013.
- Our Campaigns; VT US Presidential Election Race, November 08, 1988
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The 1988 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 8 1988 as part of the 1988 United States presidential election which was held throughout all 50 states and D C Voters chose three representatives or electors to the Electoral College who voted for president and vice president 1988 United States presidential election in Vermont 1984 November 8 1988 1992 Nominee George H W Bush Michael Dukakis Party Republican Democratic Home state Texas Massachusetts Running mate Dan Quayle Lloyd Bentsen Electoral vote 3 0 Popular vote 124 331 115 775 Percentage 51 10 47 58 County ResultsMunicipality ResultsBush 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 Dukakis 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 President before election Ronald Reagan Republican Elected President George H W Bush Republican Vermont voted for the Republican nominee Vice President George H W Bush over the Democratic nominee Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis by a narrow margin of 3 52 Bush took 51 10 of the vote to Dukakis s 47 58 This was one of only two times in the state s history the other being William Howard Taft s 1 91 victory margin in 1912 that Vermont was decided by a margin of less than 5 00 as the state spent little time as a swing state during its transition from being the most historically Republican state to the most Democratic While the Republicans held onto Vermont s three electoral votes once more the closeness of the race represented a turning point in the state s political history Vermont had once been one of the most Republican areas in the country historically having voted Republican more times than any other state often by landslide margins From 1856 to 1984 the state had gone Republican in every presidential election except for the 1964 Democratic landslide Despite this history Vermont was considered a swing state in 1988 and the Dukakis campaign targeted it in its electoral strategy In this election the state weighed in as about 4 more Democratic than the nation With the exception of Lyndon Johnson in 1964 Dukakis performance was the best of any Democratic presidential candidate in Vermont until Bill Clinton won the state in 1992 Bush lost Addison and Windham counties which had only voted Democratic once in 1964 thus he became the first Republican to ever win without either of those counties Like the rest of liberal and secular New England Vermont in the 1980s began moving to the Democratic Party as the Republican Party became increasingly dominated by conservatives Southerners and Evangelical Christians As of the 2024 presidential election this is the last time that a Republican would carry the state of Vermont in a presidential election and in the following three decades it would become regarded as one of the bluest of blue states It would also be the last time the Republicans would carry the counties of Bennington Lamoille Rutland Washington and Windsor This is also the last time that a Republican has won over 60 of the vote in any county in Vermont which Bush did in the counties of Caledonia and Essex To date this is the last time that the cities of Rutland and Vergennes as well as the towns of Albany Arlington Berlin Bethel Bolton Brandon Brookline Cambridge Chester Colchester Dover East Montpelier Elmore Essex Fairlee Goshen Grafton Grand Isle Granville Halifax Hardwick Hartford Hartland Hubbardton Hyde Park Jamaica Jericho Johnson Killington Kirby Ludlow Middletown Springs Moretown Morristown Mount Holly Peacham Pomfret Proctor Randolph Reading Rochester Salisbury Shaftsbury Sharon Shelburne Shrewsbury South Hero Springfield St Albans St George Stockbridge Stowe Sudbury Townshend Waitsfield Walden Waltham Waterbury Weathersfield West Windsor Williston Wilmington Winhall Wolcott and Woodstock voted Republican Results1988 United States presidential election in Vermont Party Candidate Votes Percentage Electoral votes Republican George H W Bush 124 331 51 10 3 Democratic Michael Dukakis 115 775 47 58 0 No party Write ins 1 140 0 47 0 Libertarian Ron Paul 1 003 0 41 0 Independent Lyndon LaRouche 275 0 11 0 New Alliance Lenora Fulani 205 0 08 0 America First David Duke 190 0 08 0 Peace and Freedom Herbert G Lewin 161 0 07 0 Liberty Union Socialist Willa Kenoyer 142 0 06 0 Socialist Workers James Warren 111 0 05 0 Totals 243 333 100 00 3 Voter Turnout Voting age Registered 59 70 Results by county County George H W Bush Republican Michael Dukakis Democratic Various candidates Write ins Ron Paul Libertarian Various candidates Other parties Margin Total votes cast Addison 6 773 49 09 6 791 49 22 63 0 46 93 0 67 77 0 56 18 0 13 13 797 Bennington 8 387 53 34 7 174 45 62 39 0 25 55 0 35 70 0 45 1 213 7 72 15 725 Caledonia 6 915 61 13 4 251 37 58 57 0 50 52 0 46 37 0 33 2 664 23 55 11 312 Chittenden 27 380 47 75 29 185 50 89 266 0 46 301 0 52 214 0 37 1 805 3 14 57 346 Essex 1 535 64 20 837 35 01 5 0 21 6 0 25 8 0 33 698 29 19 2 391 Franklin 7 293 49 16 7 372 49 70 61 0 41 49 0 33 59 0 40 79 0 54 14 834 Grand Isle 1 316 48 24 1 369 50 18 7 0 26 22 0 81 14 0 51 53 1 94 2 728 Lamoille 4 433 54 51 3 561 43 78 49 0 60 43 0 53 47 0 58 872 10 73 8 133 Orange 6 151 54 35 4 977 43 97 56 0 49 79 0 70 55 0 49 1 174 10 38 11 318 Orleans 5 257 54 70 4 224 43 95 69 0 72 25 0 26 36 0 37 1 033 10 75 9 611 Rutland 14 482 55 15 11 496 43 78 118 0 45 62 0 24 103 0 39 2 986 11 37 26 261 Washington 13 253 50 40 12 690 48 26 138 0 52 77 0 29 136 0 52 563 2 14 26 294 Windham 8 572 45 96 9 839 52 75 77 0 41 48 0 26 117 0 63 1 267 6 79 18 653 Windsor 12 584 50 48 12 009 48 17 135 0 54 91 0 37 111 0 45 575 2 31 24 930 Totals 124 331 51 10 115 775 47 58 1 140 0 47 1 003 0 41 1 084 0 45 8 556 3 52 243 333 Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic Addison Chittenden Franklin Grand Isle WindhamSee alsoUnited States presidential elections in VermontReferences DUKAKIS ELECTORAL STRATEGY SET The Washington Post Sullivan Robert David How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century America Magazine in The National Catholic Review June 29 2016 1988 Presidential General Election Results Vermont Dave Leip s Atlas of U S Presidential Elections Retrieved February 7 2013 Our Campaigns VT US Presidential Election Race November 08 1988