The Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission (CCDR), also translated as the Central Commission for Deepening Reform, is a policy formulation and implementation body of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in charge of "Comprehensively Deepening Reforms". These reforms are intended to be even more far-reaching than the previous round of comprehensive reform and opening up initiated by Deng Xiaoping.
中央全面深化改革委员会 | |
![]() | |
Abbreviation | Zhongyang Shen'gai Wei (中央深改委) |
---|---|
Formation | November 2013 |
Purpose | Supra-ministerial policy coordination and consultation body on wide-ranging reforms |
Location |
|
Leader | Xi Jinping |
Deputy Leaders | Li Qiang Wang Huning Cai Qi |
Director of the Office | Wang Huning |
Parent organization | Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party |
Subsidiaries |
Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simplified Chinese | 中央全面深化改革委员会 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 中央全面深化改革委員會 | ||||||
| |||||||
Abbreviation | |||||||
Simplified Chinese | 中央深改委 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 中央深改委 | ||||||
|
The commission's main task is to determine policy guidelines for reforming the economic, political, cultural, social, ethical and party-building systems in order to address long-term reform issues, as well as to guide reform-related bodies of the CCP at central and local level, and supervise the implementation of reform plans. The CCDR has local branches, which oversee the implementation of policy guidelines issued at the central level.
The CCDR consists entirely of officials of at least "deputy national leader" rank in the official hierarchy. Most of the commission's members are also members of the Politburo of the CCP, a 25-member central decision-making body. Four of the seven members of the Politburo Standing Committee are also part of the group.
History
The commission was originally established as the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms (Chinese: 中央全面深化改革领导小组; pinyin: Zhōngyāng Quánmiàn Shēnhuà Gǎigé Lǐngdǎo Xiǎozǔ).: 74–75 The decision to establish the group was announced at the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee in November 2013,: 72 which also approved a Decision of the CCP Central Committee on Comprehensively Deepening Reforms. On 30 December 2013, the Politburo announced that the group had been formed with Xi Jinping, the CCP's General Secretary and China's president, as its leader (zuzhang), and Li Keqiang, Liu Yunshan, and Zhang Gaoli as deputy leaders (fuzuzhang). Observers stated that this would mark a change, as previously policy planning was the domain of the Premier. In March 2018, the leading group is transformed to be a commission as part of the deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions; called the Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission.
From its first meeting in early 2014 through the end of 2022, the commission convened 66 times, and has deliberated on 542 high-profile policy documents. Policy documents issued by the CCDR have largely covered policy guidance or long-term plans, with those types accounting for 54% and 25% of CCDR published documents respectively. Over three quarters of publicly released CCDR documents are later formally issued by the CCP Central Committee and the State Council.
Role
The commission has become the primary mechanism for top-level policymaking.: 72 Domestic structural issues are its policy focus.: 74–75 The CCDR meets regularly, convening roughly every six to eight weeks. It generally meets seven times annually to discuss policy on six main areas; the economic system and ecological civilization, democracy and the legal system, the cultural system, the social system, party-building, and the discipline inspection system. In practice, the Xi-chaired commission outranks state administration decision-making organs, including the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council.: 72 Despite its powerful influence, the commission is a Party body and does not have the formal authority to make law.: 74–75
Procedure
Each year, the CCDR identifies key reform priorities within its designated domains. It deliberates on and approves strategic policies in this area, with the drafting and implementing of policies being delegated to either government ministries or local branches of the commission.: 74–75 These other bodies submit reports to the central commission: 74–75 or the appropriate subgroups for further validation and guidance.
After the process is complete, the finished draft policy document is submitted to the CCDR for formal approval, which is then deliberated and approved during a meeting chaired by Xi and attended by other central leaders and heads of relevant agencies; at this point, the document is considered to have come into effect. Xi additionally gives a speech conveying the "spirit" of the policy and giving guidance for its implementation.
Afterwards, the implementing agencies arrange study sessions in order to develop "understanding" of the policy's "spirit" conveyed during the meeting and Xi's speech. The CCDR regularly reviews reports on the implementation, commonly submitted by local Comprehensively Deepening Reform Commissions. After the reports are presented, the CCDR issues instructions, usually leading to the implementation of new policies.
Organization
The implementation of the CCDR's policy goals is delegated to six "special groups" within the commission.: 72 Each office has a specific policy focus, office and a high-ranking director.
- Economic system and ecological civilization reform group
- Democracy and legal system reform special group
- Cultural Reform Commission
- Social system reform special group
- Special Committee for the Reform of the Party Building System
- Discipline inspection system reform special group
The General Office of the CCDR is located within the Central Policy Research Office (CPRO), which is itself located within the CCP General Office. The CCDR has local branches at the provincial, city, and county levels,: 72 as well as at state-owned enterprises (SOEs), which oversee detailed policy guidance implantation at the local level.
Membership
19th Committee
- Leader
- Xi Jinping (Politburo Standing Committee, Party General Secretary, State President)
- Deputy Leaders
- Li Keqiang (Politburo Standing Committee, Premier of the State Council)
- Wang Huning (Politburo Standing Committee, First secretary of the Secretariat)
- Han Zheng (Politburo Standing Committee, Vice Premier)
- Membership
- Not yet released publicly
- Office of Deepening Reform
- Wang Huning, director
- Mu Hong, executive deputy chief of the General Office (deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, minister-level)
20th Committee
- Leader
- Xi Jinping (Politburo Standing Committee, Party General Secretary, State President)
- Deputy Leaders
- Li Qiang (Politburo Standing Committee, Premier of the State Council)
- Wang Huning (Politburo Standing Committee, Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference)
- Cai Qi (Politburo Standing Committee, First Secretary of the Secretariat)
- Membership
- Not yet released publicly
- Office of Deepening Reform
- Wang Huning, director
References
- "Decoding Chinese Politics: Party Center". Asia Society. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- Pieke, Frank N; Hofman, Bert, eds. (2022). CPC Futures The New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. Singapore: National University of Singapore Press. doi:10.56159/eai.52060. ISBN 978-981-18-5206-0. OCLC 1354535847.
- "习近平任中央全面深化改革领导小组组长-高层动态-新华网". Xinhua. 30 December 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
- Huang, Cary (31 December 2013). "Xi Jinping to head reform panel, taking another role from premier". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- "CPC releases plan on deepening reform of Party and state institutions". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- Grünberg, Nis; Brussee, Vincent (28 September 2022). "Xi's Control Room: The Commission for Comprehensively Deepening Reform". Mercator Institute for China Studies. Retrieved 21 September 2023.
Author: www.NiNa.Az
Publication date:
wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library, article, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games, mobile, phone, android, ios, apple, mobile phone, samsung, iphone, xiomi, xiaomi, redmi, honor, oppo, nokia, sonya, mi, pc, web, computer
The Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission CCDR also translated as the Central Commission for Deepening Reform is a policy formulation and implementation body of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party CCP in charge of Comprehensively Deepening Reforms These reforms are intended to be even more far reaching than the previous round of comprehensive reform and opening up initiated by Deng Xiaoping Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission中央全面深化改革委员会AbbreviationZhongyang Shen gai Wei 中央深改委 FormationNovember 2013 2013 11 PurposeSupra ministerial policy coordination and consultation body on wide ranging reformsLocationHuairen Hall Zhongnanhai BeijingLeaderXi JinpingDeputy LeadersLi Qiang Wang Huning Cai QiDirector of the OfficeWang HuningParent organizationCentral Committee of the Chinese Communist PartySubsidiariesCentral Comprehensively Deepening Reforms CommissionSimplified Chinese中央全面深化改革委员会Traditional Chinese中央全面深化改革委員會TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōngyang Quanmian Shenhua Gǎige WeiyuanhuiAbbreviationSimplified Chinese中央深改委Traditional Chinese中央深改委TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōngyang Shengǎiwei The commission s main task is to determine policy guidelines for reforming the economic political cultural social ethical and party building systems in order to address long term reform issues as well as to guide reform related bodies of the CCP at central and local level and supervise the implementation of reform plans The CCDR has local branches which oversee the implementation of policy guidelines issued at the central level The CCDR consists entirely of officials of at least deputy national leader rank in the official hierarchy Most of the commission s members are also members of the Politburo of the CCP a 25 member central decision making body Four of the seven members of the Politburo Standing Committee are also part of the group HistoryThe commission was originally established as the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Chinese 中央全面深化改革领导小组 pinyin Zhōngyang Quanmian Shenhua Gǎige Lǐngdǎo Xiǎozǔ 74 75 The decision to establish the group was announced at the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee in November 2013 72 which also approved a Decision of the CCP Central Committee on Comprehensively Deepening Reforms On 30 December 2013 the Politburo announced that the group had been formed with Xi Jinping the CCP s General Secretary and China s president as its leader zuzhang and Li Keqiang Liu Yunshan and Zhang Gaoli as deputy leaders fuzuzhang Observers stated that this would mark a change as previously policy planning was the domain of the Premier In March 2018 the leading group is transformed to be a commission as part of the deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions called the Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission From its first meeting in early 2014 through the end of 2022 the commission convened 66 times and has deliberated on 542 high profile policy documents Policy documents issued by the CCDR have largely covered policy guidance or long term plans with those types accounting for 54 and 25 of CCDR published documents respectively Over three quarters of publicly released CCDR documents are later formally issued by the CCP Central Committee and the State Council RoleThe commission has become the primary mechanism for top level policymaking 72 Domestic structural issues are its policy focus 74 75 The CCDR meets regularly convening roughly every six to eight weeks It generally meets seven times annually to discuss policy on six main areas the economic system and ecological civilization democracy and the legal system the cultural system the social system party building and the discipline inspection system In practice the Xi chaired commission outranks state administration decision making organs including the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council 72 Despite its powerful influence the commission is a Party body and does not have the formal authority to make law 74 75 Procedure Each year the CCDR identifies key reform priorities within its designated domains It deliberates on and approves strategic policies in this area with the drafting and implementing of policies being delegated to either government ministries or local branches of the commission 74 75 These other bodies submit reports to the central commission 74 75 or the appropriate subgroups for further validation and guidance After the process is complete the finished draft policy document is submitted to the CCDR for formal approval which is then deliberated and approved during a meeting chaired by Xi and attended by other central leaders and heads of relevant agencies at this point the document is considered to have come into effect Xi additionally gives a speech conveying the spirit of the policy and giving guidance for its implementation Afterwards the implementing agencies arrange study sessions in order to develop understanding of the policy s spirit conveyed during the meeting and Xi s speech The CCDR regularly reviews reports on the implementation commonly submitted by local Comprehensively Deepening Reform Commissions After the reports are presented the CCDR issues instructions usually leading to the implementation of new policies OrganizationThe implementation of the CCDR s policy goals is delegated to six special groups within the commission 72 Each office has a specific policy focus office and a high ranking director Economic system and ecological civilization reform group Democracy and legal system reform special group Cultural Reform Commission Social system reform special group Special Committee for the Reform of the Party Building System Discipline inspection system reform special group The General Office of the CCDR is located within the Central Policy Research Office CPRO which is itself located within the CCP General Office The CCDR has local branches at the provincial city and county levels 72 as well as at state owned enterprises SOEs which oversee detailed policy guidance implantation at the local level Membership19th Committee Leader Xi Jinping Politburo Standing Committee Party General Secretary State President Deputy Leaders Li Keqiang Politburo Standing Committee Premier of the State Council Wang Huning Politburo Standing Committee First secretary of the Secretariat Han Zheng Politburo Standing Committee Vice Premier Membership Not yet released publicly Office of Deepening Reform Wang Huning director Mu Hong executive deputy chief of the General Office deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission minister level 20th Committee Leader Xi Jinping Politburo Standing Committee Party General Secretary State President Deputy Leaders Li Qiang Politburo Standing Committee Premier of the State Council Wang Huning Politburo Standing Committee Chairman of the Chinese People s Political Consultative Conference Cai Qi Politburo Standing Committee First Secretary of the Secretariat Membership Not yet released publicly Office of Deepening Reform Wang Huning directorReferences Decoding Chinese Politics Party Center Asia Society Retrieved 11 October 2024 Pieke Frank N Hofman Bert eds 2022 CPC Futures The New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Singapore National University of Singapore Press doi 10 56159 eai 52060 ISBN 978 981 18 5206 0 OCLC 1354535847 习近平任中央全面深化改革领导小组组长 高层动态 新华网 Xinhua 30 December 2013 Retrieved 22 September 2023 Huang Cary 31 December 2013 Xi Jinping to head reform panel taking another role from premier South China Morning Post Retrieved 3 January 2023 CPC releases plan on deepening reform of Party and state institutions People s Daily Retrieved 24 March 2018 Grunberg Nis Brussee Vincent 28 September 2022 Xi s Control Room The Commission for Comprehensively Deepening Reform Mercator Institute for China Studies Retrieved 21 September 2023