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The dean of the United States House of Representatives is the longest continuously serving member of the House The curre

Dean of the United States House of Representatives

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  • Dean of the United States House of Representatives

The dean of the United States House of Representatives is the longest continuously serving member of the House. The current dean is Hal Rogers, a Republican from Kentucky, who has served in the House since 1981. The dean is a symbolic post, whose only customary duty is to swear in a speaker of the House after the speaker is elected. This responsibility was first recorded in 1819 but has not been observed continuously – at times, the speaker-elect was the current dean or the speaker-elect preferred to be sworn in by a member of their own party when the dean belonged to another party. The dean comes forward on the House Floor to administer the oath to the speaker-elect, before the new speaker then administers the oath to the other members.

Dean of the
United States House of Representatives
image
Incumbent
Hal Rogers
since March 18, 2022 (2022-03-18)
United States House of Representatives
Member ofUnited States House of Representatives
SeatKentucky's 5th
First holderFrederick Muhlenberg
March 4, 1789

While deans perform the swearing-in ceremony for the newly elected speaker, they do not preside over the election of a speaker, as do the Father of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom and the dean of the Canadian House of Commons (that duty falls to the previous House's Clerk).

Because of other privileges associated with seniority, the dean is usually allotted some of the most desirable office space, and is generally either chair or ranking minority member of an influential committee.

It is unclear when the position first achieved concrete recognition, though the seniority system and increasing lengths of service emerged in the early 20th century. As late as 1924, Frederick H. Gillett was dean, and also speaker, before becoming a senator. Modern deans move into their positions so late in their careers that a move to the Senate is highly unlikely. When Ed Markey broke Gillett's record for time in the House before moving to the Senate in 2013 he was still decades junior to the sitting dean.

The deanship can change hands unexpectedly. In the 1952 election, Adolph J. Sabath became the first Representative elected to a 24th term, breaking the record of 23 terms first set by former Speaker Joseph Gurney Cannon, whose service had been non-consecutive, whereas Sabath's was not. North Carolina's Robert L. Doughton had not contested that election as he was retiring at the age of 89 years and two months, a House age record broken in 1998 by Sidney R. Yates, and again by Ralph Hall in 2012. However, Sabath died before the new term began and Doughton was dean for the old term's final months before Speaker Sam Rayburn became dean in the new Congress.

List of deans of the House

Years as dean are followed by name, party, state, and start of service in Congress.

All the members of the First Congress had equal seniority (as defined for the purpose of this article), but Muhlenberg, as the speaker, was the first member to be sworn in. Muhlenberg, Hartley and Thatcher were among the 13 members who attended the initial meeting of the House on March 4, 1789.

In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, some state delegations to the House were often not elected until after the term had begun. To avoid confusion, this fact is ignored in the list below.

Became dean End date Dean Party State Seniority from Speaker(s)
March 4, 1789 March 3, 1797 image Frederick Muhlenberg Federalist PA March 4, 1789 Frederick Muhlenberg
(1789–1791)
Jonathan Trumbull Jr.
(1791–1793)
Frederick Muhlenberg
(1793–1795)
Jonathan Dayton
(1795–1799)
March 4, 1797 December 21, 1800 image Thomas Hartley Federalist PA
Theodore Sedgwick
(1799–1801)
March 3, 1801 image George Thatcher Federalist MA
March 4, 1801 March 3, 1803 William B. Grove Federalist NC March 4, 1791 Nathaniel Macon
(1801–1807)
March 3, 1807 image Andrew Gregg Democratic-Republican PA
December 13, 1815 image Nathaniel Macon Democratic-Republican NC Joseph Bradley Varnum
(1807–1811)
Henry Clay
(1811–1814)
Langdon Cheves
(1814–1815)
December 13, 1815 April 9, 1816 Richard Stanford Democratic-Republican NC March 4, 1797 Henry Clay
(1815–1820)
April 9, 1816 March 3, 1817 image John Davenport Federalist CT March 4, 1799
March 4, 1817 March 3, 1830 image Thomas Newton Jr. Democratic-Republican
(1817–1825)
VA March 4, 1801
John Taylor
(1820–1821)
Philip P. Barbour
(1821–1823)
Henry Clay
(1823–1825)
National Republican
(1825–1830)
John Taylor
(1825–1827)
Andrew Stevenson
(1827–1834)
March 4, 1830 March 3, 1833 William McCoy Jacksonian VA March 4, 1811
March 4, 1833 February 23, 1842 image Lewis Williams National Republican
(1833–1837)
NC March 4, 1815
John Bell
(1834–1835)
James K. Polk
(1835–1839)
Whig
(1837–1842)
Robert M. T. Hunter
(1839–1841)
John White
(1841–1843)
February 23, 1842 March 3, 1843 image Horace Everett Whig VT March 4, 1829 John Winston Jones
(1843–1845)
April 22, 1844 image Dixon H. Lewis Democratic AL
April 22, 1844 February 23, 1848 image John Quincy Adams Whig MA March 4, 1831 John Wesley Davis
(1845–1847)
Robert Charles Winthrop
(1847–1849)
March 3, 1849 image James I. McKay Democratic NC
March 4, 1849 March 3, 1855 image Linn Boyd Democratic KY March 4, 1839 Howell Cobb
(1849–1851)
Linn Boyd
(1851–1856)
March 4, 1855 March 3, 1859 image Joshua Reed Giddings Republican OH May 5, 1842 Nathaniel P. Banks
(1856–1857)
James Lawrence Orr
(1857–1860)
March 4, 1859 March 3, 1863 image John S. Phelps Democratic MO March 4, 1845 William Pennington
(1860–1861)
Galusha A. Grow
(1861–1863)
March 4, 1863 March 3, 1869 image Elihu B. Washburne Republican IL March 4, 1853 Schuyler Colfax
(1863–1869)
Theodore M. Pomeroy
(1869)
March 4, 1869 March 3, 1875 image Henry L. Dawes Republican MA March 4, 1857 James G. Blaine
(1869–1875)
March 4, 1875 January 9, 1890 image William D. Kelley Republican PA March 4, 1861 Michael C. Kerr
(1875–1876)
Samuel J. Randall
(1876–1881)
J. Warren Keifer
(1881–1883)
John G. Carlisle
(1883–1889)
Thomas Brackett Reed
(1889–1891)
January 9, 1890 April 13, 1890 image Samuel J. Randall Democratic PA March 4, 1863
April 13, 1890 March 3, 1891 image Joseph G. Cannon Republican IL March 4, 1873
March 22, 1892 image Roger Q. Mills Democratic TX Charles Frederick Crisp
(1891–1895)
March 3, 1893 image James H. Blount Democratic GA
March 3, 1895 image Richard P. Bland Democratic MO
March 4, 1895 March 3, 1897 image David B. Culberson Democratic TX March 4, 1875 Thomas Brackett Reed
(1895–1899)
March 4, 1897 September 4, 1899 image Thomas Brackett Reed Republican ME March 4, 1877
March 6, 1900 image Alfred C. Harmer Republican PA David B. Henderson
(1899–1903)
March 6, 1900 March 22, 1912 image Henry H. Bingham Republican PA March 4, 1879
Joseph G. Cannon
(1903–1911)
Champ Clark
(1911–1919)
March 22, 1912 March 3, 1913 image John Dalzell Republican PA March 4, 1887
March 4, 1913 December 10, 1914 image Sereno E. Payne Republican NY March 4, 1889
December 10, 1914 April 17, 1918 image William Jones Democratic VA March 4, 1891
April 17, 1918 March 3, 1919 image Henry Allen Cooper Republican WI March 4, 1893 Frederick H. Gillett
(1919–1925)
March 3, 1925 image Frederick H. Gillett Republican MA
March 4, 1925 May 26, 1928 image Thomas S. Butler Republican PA March 4, 1897 Nicholas Longworth
(1925–1931)
May 26, 1928 March 3, 1933 image Gilbert N. Haugen Republican IA March 4, 1899
John Nance Garner
(1931–1933)
March 4, 1933 April 1, 1934 image Edward W. Pou Democratic NC March 4, 1901 Henry T. Rainey
(1933–1935)
April 1, 1934 November 6, 1952 image Adolph Sabath Democratic IL March 4, 1907 Jo Byrns
(1935–1936)
William B. Bankhead
(1936–1940)
Sam Rayburn
(1940–1947)
Joseph W. Martin Jr.
(1947–1949)
Sam Rayburn
(1949–1953)
November 6, 1952 January 3, 1953 image Robert L. Doughton Democratic NC March 4, 1911
January 3, 1953 November 16, 1961 image Sam Rayburn Democratic TX March 4, 1913 Joseph W. Martin Jr.
(1953–1955)
Sam Rayburn
(1955–1961)
November 16, 1961 January 3, 1965 image Carl Vinson Democratic GA November 3, 1914 John W. McCormack
(1962–1971)
January 3, 1965 January 3, 1973 image Emanuel Celler Democratic NY March 4, 1923
Carl Albert
(1971–1977)
January 3, 1973 March 7, 1976 image Wright Patman Democratic TX March 4, 1929
March 7, 1976 January 3, 1979 image George H. Mahon Democratic TX January 3, 1935 Tip O'Neill
(1977–1987)
January 3, 1979 January 3, 1995 image Jamie Whitten Democratic MS November 4, 1941
Jim Wright
(1987–1989)
Tom Foley
(1989–1995)
January 3, 1995 January 3, 2015 image John Dingell Democratic MI December 13, 1955 Newt Gingrich
(1995–1999)
Dennis Hastert
(1999–2007)
Nancy Pelosi
(2007–2011)
John Boehner
(2011–2015)
January 3, 2015 December 5, 2017 image John Conyers Democratic MI January 3, 1965
Paul Ryan
(2015–2019)
December 5, 2017 March 18, 2022 image Don Young Republican AK March 6, 1973
Nancy Pelosi
(2019–2023)
March 18, 2022 Incumbent image Hal Rogers Republican KY January 3, 1981
Kevin McCarthy
(2023)
Mike Johnson
(2023–present)

See also

  • Dean of the United States Senate
  • Father of the House, the international equivalent in many countries; originally coined in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
  • List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service

References

  1. "List at House official site that records the Dean (originally called "Father") and who swore in the Speaker for each Congress". Archived from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  2. "Oath of Office - US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". History.house.gov. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2018.

Notes

  1. Served as Speaker 1789–1791 and 1793–1795.
  2. Died in office.
  3. Never held sole deanship due to tie.
  4. Served as Speaker 1801–1807.
  5. Previously served in House 1835–1837; Served as Speaker 1851–1855.
  6. Served as Speaker 1889–1891 and 1895–1899.
  7. Served as Speaker 1919–1925.
  8. Served as Speaker 1955–1961.
  9. Longest serving House member ever and held the longest deanship.
  10. Resigned.

External links

  • House.gov page "Deans/Fathers of the House"

Author: www.NiNa.Az

Publication date: Apr 19, 2025 / 03:16

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The dean of the United States House of Representatives is the longest continuously serving member of the House The current dean is Hal Rogers a Republican from Kentucky who has served in the House since 1981 The dean is a symbolic post whose only customary duty is to swear in a speaker of the House after the speaker is elected This responsibility was first recorded in 1819 but has not been observed continuously at times the speaker elect was the current dean or the speaker elect preferred to be sworn in by a member of their own party when the dean belonged to another party The dean comes forward on the House Floor to administer the oath to the speaker elect before the new speaker then administers the oath to the other members Dean of the United States House of RepresentativesIncumbent Hal Rogerssince March 18 2022 2022 03 18 United States House of RepresentativesMember ofUnited States House of RepresentativesSeatKentucky s 5thFirst holderFrederick Muhlenberg March 4 1789 While deans perform the swearing in ceremony for the newly elected speaker they do not preside over the election of a speaker as do the Father of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom and the dean of the Canadian House of Commons that duty falls to the previous House s Clerk Because of other privileges associated with seniority the dean is usually allotted some of the most desirable office space and is generally either chair or ranking minority member of an influential committee It is unclear when the position first achieved concrete recognition though the seniority system and increasing lengths of service emerged in the early 20th century As late as 1924 Frederick H Gillett was dean and also speaker before becoming a senator Modern deans move into their positions so late in their careers that a move to the Senate is highly unlikely When Ed Markey broke Gillett s record for time in the House before moving to the Senate in 2013 he was still decades junior to the sitting dean The deanship can change hands unexpectedly In the 1952 election Adolph J Sabath became the first Representative elected to a 24th term breaking the record of 23 terms first set by former Speaker Joseph Gurney Cannon whose service had been non consecutive whereas Sabath s was not North Carolina s Robert L Doughton had not contested that election as he was retiring at the age of 89 years and two months a House age record broken in 1998 by Sidney R Yates and again by Ralph Hall in 2012 However Sabath died before the new term began and Doughton was dean for the old term s final months before Speaker Sam Rayburn became dean in the new Congress List of deans of the HouseYears as dean are followed by name party state and start of service in Congress All the members of the First Congress had equal seniority as defined for the purpose of this article but Muhlenberg as the speaker was the first member to be sworn in Muhlenberg Hartley and Thatcher were among the 13 members who attended the initial meeting of the House on March 4 1789 In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries some state delegations to the House were often not elected until after the term had begun To avoid confusion this fact is ignored in the list below Became dean End date Dean Party State Seniority from Speaker s March 4 1789 March 3 1797 Frederick Muhlenberg Federalist PA March 4 1789 Frederick Muhlenberg 1789 1791 Jonathan Trumbull Jr 1791 1793 Frederick Muhlenberg 1793 1795 Jonathan Dayton 1795 1799 March 4 1797 December 21 1800 Thomas Hartley Federalist PA Theodore Sedgwick 1799 1801 March 3 1801 George Thatcher Federalist MA March 4 1801 March 3 1803 William B Grove Federalist NC March 4 1791 Nathaniel Macon 1801 1807 March 3 1807 Andrew Gregg Democratic Republican PA December 13 1815 Nathaniel Macon Democratic Republican NC Joseph Bradley Varnum 1807 1811 Henry Clay 1811 1814 Langdon Cheves 1814 1815 December 13 1815 April 9 1816 Richard Stanford Democratic Republican NC March 4 1797 Henry Clay 1815 1820 April 9 1816 March 3 1817 John Davenport Federalist CT March 4 1799 March 4 1817 March 3 1830 Thomas Newton Jr Democratic Republican 1817 1825 VA March 4 1801 John Taylor 1820 1821 Philip P Barbour 1821 1823 Henry Clay 1823 1825 National Republican 1825 1830 John Taylor 1825 1827 Andrew Stevenson 1827 1834 March 4 1830 March 3 1833 William McCoy Jacksonian VA March 4 1811 March 4 1833 February 23 1842 Lewis Williams National Republican 1833 1837 NC March 4 1815 John Bell 1834 1835 James K Polk 1835 1839 Whig 1837 1842 Robert M T Hunter 1839 1841 John White 1841 1843 February 23 1842 March 3 1843 Horace Everett Whig VT March 4 1829 John Winston Jones 1843 1845 April 22 1844 Dixon H Lewis Democratic AL April 22 1844 February 23 1848 John Quincy Adams Whig MA March 4 1831 John Wesley Davis 1845 1847 Robert Charles Winthrop 1847 1849 March 3 1849 James I McKay Democratic NC March 4 1849 March 3 1855 Linn Boyd Democratic KY March 4 1839 Howell Cobb 1849 1851 Linn Boyd 1851 1856 March 4 1855 March 3 1859 Joshua Reed Giddings Republican OH May 5 1842 Nathaniel P Banks 1856 1857 James Lawrence Orr 1857 1860 March 4 1859 March 3 1863 John S Phelps Democratic MO March 4 1845 William Pennington 1860 1861 Galusha A Grow 1861 1863 March 4 1863 March 3 1869 Elihu B Washburne Republican IL March 4 1853 Schuyler Colfax 1863 1869 Theodore M Pomeroy 1869 March 4 1869 March 3 1875 Henry L Dawes Republican MA March 4 1857 James G Blaine 1869 1875 March 4 1875 January 9 1890 William D Kelley Republican PA March 4 1861 Michael C Kerr 1875 1876 Samuel J Randall 1876 1881 J Warren Keifer 1881 1883 John G Carlisle 1883 1889 Thomas Brackett Reed 1889 1891 January 9 1890 April 13 1890 Samuel J Randall Democratic PA March 4 1863 April 13 1890 March 3 1891 Joseph G Cannon Republican IL March 4 1873 March 22 1892 Roger Q Mills Democratic TX Charles Frederick Crisp 1891 1895 March 3 1893 James H Blount Democratic GA March 3 1895 Richard P Bland Democratic MO March 4 1895 March 3 1897 David B Culberson Democratic TX March 4 1875 Thomas Brackett Reed 1895 1899 March 4 1897 September 4 1899 Thomas Brackett Reed Republican ME March 4 1877 March 6 1900 Alfred C Harmer Republican PA David B Henderson 1899 1903 March 6 1900 March 22 1912 Henry H Bingham Republican PA March 4 1879 Joseph G Cannon 1903 1911 Champ Clark 1911 1919 March 22 1912 March 3 1913 John Dalzell Republican PA March 4 1887 March 4 1913 December 10 1914 Sereno E Payne Republican NY March 4 1889 December 10 1914 April 17 1918 William Jones Democratic VA March 4 1891 April 17 1918 March 3 1919 Henry Allen Cooper Republican WI March 4 1893 Frederick H Gillett 1919 1925 March 3 1925 Frederick H Gillett Republican MA March 4 1925 May 26 1928 Thomas S Butler Republican PA March 4 1897 Nicholas Longworth 1925 1931 May 26 1928 March 3 1933 Gilbert N Haugen Republican IA March 4 1899 John Nance Garner 1931 1933 March 4 1933 April 1 1934 Edward W Pou Democratic NC March 4 1901 Henry T Rainey 1933 1935 April 1 1934 November 6 1952 Adolph Sabath Democratic IL March 4 1907 Jo Byrns 1935 1936 William B Bankhead 1936 1940 Sam Rayburn 1940 1947 Joseph W Martin Jr 1947 1949 Sam Rayburn 1949 1953 November 6 1952 January 3 1953 Robert L Doughton Democratic NC March 4 1911 January 3 1953 November 16 1961 Sam Rayburn Democratic TX March 4 1913 Joseph W Martin Jr 1953 1955 Sam Rayburn 1955 1961 November 16 1961 January 3 1965 Carl Vinson Democratic GA November 3 1914 John W McCormack 1962 1971 January 3 1965 January 3 1973 Emanuel Celler Democratic NY March 4 1923 Carl Albert 1971 1977 January 3 1973 March 7 1976 Wright Patman Democratic TX March 4 1929 March 7 1976 January 3 1979 George H Mahon Democratic TX January 3 1935 Tip O Neill 1977 1987 January 3 1979 January 3 1995 Jamie Whitten Democratic MS November 4 1941 Jim Wright 1987 1989 Tom Foley 1989 1995 January 3 1995 January 3 2015 John Dingell Democratic MI December 13 1955 Newt Gingrich 1995 1999 Dennis Hastert 1999 2007 Nancy Pelosi 2007 2011 John Boehner 2011 2015 January 3 2015 December 5 2017 John Conyers Democratic MI January 3 1965 Paul Ryan 2015 2019 December 5 2017 March 18 2022 Don Young Republican AK March 6 1973 Nancy Pelosi 2019 2023 March 18 2022 Incumbent Hal Rogers Republican KY January 3 1981 Kevin McCarthy 2023 Mike Johnson 2023 present See alsoDean of the United States Senate Father of the House the international equivalent in many countries originally coined in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of serviceReferences List at House official site that records the Dean originally called Father and who swore in the Speaker for each Congress Archived from the original on February 20 2019 Retrieved February 2 2019 Oath of Office US House of Representatives History Art amp Archives History house gov Archived from the original on April 28 2021 Retrieved January 1 2018 NotesServed as Speaker 1789 1791 and 1793 1795 Died in office Never held sole deanship due to tie Served as Speaker 1801 1807 Previously served in House 1835 1837 Served as Speaker 1851 1855 Served as Speaker 1889 1891 and 1895 1899 Served as Speaker 1919 1925 Served as Speaker 1955 1961 Longest serving House member ever and held the longest deanship Resigned External linksHouse gov page Deans Fathers of the House

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