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The Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict was adopted by the United Nations in 1974 and went into force the same year. It was proposed by the United Nations Economic and Social Council, on the grounds that women and children are often the victims of wars, civil unrest, and other emergency situations that cause them to suffer "inhuman acts and consequently suffer serious harm".
Overview
The Declaration states that women and children suffer victimization during armed conflict due to "suppression, aggression, colonialism, racism, alien domination and foreign subjugation". The Declaration specifically prohibits attacks and bombing of civilian populations (Article 1) and the use of chemical and biological weapons on civilian populations (Article 2). Article 3 requires states to abide by the Geneva Protocol of 1925 and the Geneva Convention of 1949. The Declaration also requires countries to take measures to end "persecution, torture, punitive measures, degrading treatment and violence" especially when they are targeted against women and children, as well as recognizing "imprisonment, torture, shooting, mass arrests, collective punishment, destruction of dwellings, and forcible evictions" as criminal acts.
Certain inalienable rights are also enshrined in the Declaration, such as access to food, shelter, and medical care, which are to be provided to women and children caught in emergency situations.
Finally, the Declaration cites the binding nature of other international law instruments, naming the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Declaration of the Rights of the Child.
See also
- Children in emergencies and conflicts
- Geneva Protocol
- Military use of children
- Refugee
- Violence against women
- War rape
References
- Kinnear, Karen L. (2011). Women in Developing Countries: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. p. 182. ISBN 9781598844252.
- Kinnear, Karen L. (2011). Women in Developing Countries: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. pp. 182–183. ISBN 9781598844252.
- Kinnear, Karen L. (2011). Women in Developing Countries: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. p. 183. ISBN 9781598844252.
- Kumar, Anuradha V. (2002). Encyclopaedia of Human Rights Development of Under Privileged, Volume 2. Sarup & Sons. p. 89. ISBN 9788176253246.
External links
- Full Text of the Declaration
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The Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict was adopted by the United Nations in 1974 and went into force the same year It was proposed by the United Nations Economic and Social Council on the grounds that women and children are often the victims of wars civil unrest and other emergency situations that cause them to suffer inhuman acts and consequently suffer serious harm OverviewThe Declaration states that women and children suffer victimization during armed conflict due to suppression aggression colonialism racism alien domination and foreign subjugation The Declaration specifically prohibits attacks and bombing of civilian populations Article 1 and the use of chemical and biological weapons on civilian populations Article 2 Article 3 requires states to abide by the Geneva Protocol of 1925 and the Geneva Convention of 1949 The Declaration also requires countries to take measures to end persecution torture punitive measures degrading treatment and violence especially when they are targeted against women and children as well as recognizing imprisonment torture shooting mass arrests collective punishment destruction of dwellings and forcible evictions as criminal acts Certain inalienable rights are also enshrined in the Declaration such as access to food shelter and medical care which are to be provided to women and children caught in emergency situations Finally the Declaration cites the binding nature of other international law instruments naming the Universal Declaration of Human Rights the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights Declaration of the Rights of the Child See alsoChildren in emergencies and conflicts Geneva Protocol Military use of children Refugee Violence against women War rapeReferencesKinnear Karen L 2011 Women in Developing Countries A Reference Handbook ABC CLIO p 182 ISBN 9781598844252 Kinnear Karen L 2011 Women in Developing Countries A Reference Handbook ABC CLIO pp 182 183 ISBN 9781598844252 Kinnear Karen L 2011 Women in Developing Countries A Reference Handbook ABC CLIO p 183 ISBN 9781598844252 Kumar Anuradha V 2002 Encyclopaedia of Human Rights Development of Under Privileged Volume 2 Sarup amp Sons p 89 ISBN 9788176253246 External linksFull Text of the Declaration