The 1876–77 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between June 5, 1876, and March 13, 1877. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 45th United States Congress convened on October 15, 1877. The size of the House increased to 293 seats with the addition of the new state of Colorado.
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All 293 seats in the United States House of Representatives 147 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Map of U.S. House elections results from 1876 elections for 45th Congress | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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These elections coincided with the (heavily contested) election of President Rutherford B. Hayes and the United States Centennial. Hayes' Republican Party was able to recover from the Democratic Party many of the seats it had lost two years before as the economy improved slightly. However, the Democrats retained a majority and were able to use the disinterest of the people in Republican Reconstruction led projects to help keep crucial seats. Republican congressional leadership had a difficult time distancing itself from the corruption of the Ulysses S. Grant administration or the legislature's impact on the economy downturn.
Election summaries
157 | 136 |
Democratic | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats | Democratic | Republican | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 8 | 8 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Arkansas | District | 4 | 4 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
California | District | 4 | 2 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() |
Colorado | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Connecticut | District | 4 | 3 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Florida | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Georgia | District | 9 | 9 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Illinois | District | 19 | 8 | ![]() | 11 | ![]() |
Indiana | District | 13 | 4 | ![]() | 9 | ![]() |
Iowa | District | 9 | 0 | ![]() | 9 | ![]() |
Kansas | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() |
Kentucky | District | 10 | 10 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Louisiana | District | 6 | 5 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
Maine | District | 5 | 0 | ![]() | 5 | ![]() |
Maryland | District | 6 | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Massachusetts | District | 11 | 2 | ![]() | 9 | ![]() |
Michigan | District | 9 | 1 | ![]() | 8 | ![]() |
Minnesota | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() |
Mississippi | District | 6 | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Missouri | District | 13 | 9 | ![]() | 4 | ![]() |
Nebraska | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
New Hampshire | District | 3 | 1 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() |
New Jersey | District | 7 | 4 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() |
New York | District | 33 | 16 | ![]() | 17 | ![]() |
North Carolina | District | 8 | 7 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
Ohio | District | 20 | 8 | ![]() | 12 | ![]() |
Oregon | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
Pennsylvania | District | 27 | 10 | ![]() | 17 | ![]() |
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() |
South Carolina | District | 5 | 2 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() |
Tennessee | District | 10 | 8 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() |
Texas | District | 6 | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Vermont | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() |
Virginia | District | 9 | 8 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
West Virginia | District | 3 | 3 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Wisconsin | District | 8 | 3 | ![]() | 5 | ![]() |
Total | 293 | 157 53.6% | ![]() | 136 46.4% | ![]() |
The previous election included 4 Independents, in Illinois and Massachusetts.

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Election dates
In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform nationwide date for choosing Presidential electors. This law did not affect election dates for Congress, which remained within the jurisdiction of State governments, but over time, the states moved their congressional elections to this date as well. In 1876–77, there were still 8 states with earlier election dates, and 1 state with a later election date.
Elections before Election Day (United States):
- June 5: Oregon
- September 5: Vermont
- September 11: Maine
- October 4:Georgia
- October 10: Indiana, Iowa, Ohio, West Virginia
Standard Election Day:
- November 7, 1876
Election after Election Day:
- March 13, 1877: New Hampshire
Special elections
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2019) |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut 3 | Henry H. Starkweather | Republican | 1867 | Incumbent died January 28, 1876. New member elected April 12, 1876. Republican hold. Winner later re-elected to the next term; see below. |
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Connecticut 4 | William Barnum | Democratic | 1867 | Incumbent resigned May 18, 1876, when elected U.S. senator. New member elected November 7, 1876. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to the next term; see below. |
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Indiana 2 | |||||
Indiana 3 | |||||
Maine 3 | James G. Blaine | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent resigned July 10, 1876. New member elected September 11, 1876. Republican hold. Winner retired after serving out the remainder of the term. |
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Alabama
Alabama redistricted and eliminated its at-large seats, going from 6 districts and 2 at-large seats to 8 districts. The state also elected a full delegation of Democrats, voting out the two Republicans.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Alabama 1 | Charles Hays Redistricted from the 4th district | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Alabama 2 | New district | New seat. Democratic gain. |
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Alabama 3 | Jeremiah Norman Williams Redistricted from the 2nd district | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Alabama 4 | Jeremiah Haralson Redistricted from the 1st district | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Alabama 5 | New district | New seat. Democratic gain. |
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Alabama 6 | Goldsmith W. Hewitt | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Burwell Boykin Lewis Redistricted from the at-large district | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic loss. | ||
Alabama 7 | William Henry Forney Redistricted from the at-large district | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Taul Bradford Redistricted from the 3rd district | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. | ||
John H. Caldwell Redistricted from the 5th district | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. | ||
Alabama 8 | New district | New seat. Democratic gain. |
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Arkansas
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas 1 | Lucien C. Gause | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 2 | William F. Slemons | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 3 | William W. Wilshire | Democratic | 1872 1874 (lost contest) 1874 | Incumbent retired. Independent Democratic gain. |
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Arkansas 4 | Thomas M. Gunter | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | William Adam Piper | Democratic | 1875 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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California 2 | Horace F. Page | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 3 | John K. Luttrell | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 4 | Peter D. Wigginton | Democratic | 1875 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Colorado
There were two elections to the new state of Colorado.
44th Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Colorado at-large | New district | New seat. Republican gain. |
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45th Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Colorado at-large | James B. Belford | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. Election was later successfully challenged by the challenger. |
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Connecticut
Connecticut had been electing is members late in the cycle, even after the terms had begun. But starting in 1876, the state joined the others in electing its members on the November 7, 1876 Election Day. The delegation remained 3 Democrats and 1 Republican.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut 1 | George M. Landers | Democratic | 1875 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut 2 | James Phelps | Democratic | 1875 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut 3 | John T. Wait | Republican | 1876 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut 4 | William Barnum | Democratic | 1867 | Incumbent resigned May 18, 1876, when elected U.S. senator. Democratic hold. Winner also elected to finish the current term; see above. |
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Delaware
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | James Williams | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | William J. Purman | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Florida 2 | Jesse J. Finley | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | John H. Burleigh | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold. |
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Maine 2 | William P. Frye | Republican | 1870 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 3 | Vacant | Rep. James G. Blaine (R) resigned July 10, 1876. Republican hold. Concurrent special election held to serve out the unexpired term; the winner did not stand for the regular election. |
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Maine 4 | Harris M. Plaisted | Republican | 1875 (special) | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Maine 5 | Eugene Hale | Republican | 1868 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland
Massachusetts
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | William W. Crapo | Republican | 1875 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 2 | Benjamin W. Harris | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 3 | Henry L. Pierce | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected after initial result overturned. Democratic gain. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Josiah Gardner Abbott | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 5 | Nathaniel P. Banks | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 6 | Charles Perkins Thompson | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 7 | John K. Tarbox | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 8 | John M. S. Williams | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 9 | George F. Hoar | Republican | 1868 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senate. Republican hold. |
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Massachusetts 10 | Charles A. Stevens | Republican | 1875 (special) | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Massachusetts 11 | Chester W. Chapin | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | Lucius Q. C. Lamar | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 2 | G. Wiley Wells | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Mississippi 3 | Hernando Money | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 4 | Otho R. Singleton | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 5 | Charles E. Hooker | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 6 | John R. Lynch | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Missouri
Nebraska
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska at-large | Lorenzo Crounse | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Nevada
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nevada at-large | William Woodburn | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | Joseph Rainey | Republican | 1870 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 2 | Edmund W. M. Mackey | Independent Republican | 1874 | Seat declared vacant July 19, 1876, due to contested election. Republican gain. |
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South Carolina 3 | Solomon L. Hoge | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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South Carolina 4 | Alexander S. Wallace | Republican | 1868 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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South Carolina 5 | Robert Smalls | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | William McFarland | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Tennessee 2 | Jacob M. Thornburgh | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 3 | George G. Dibrell | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 4 | Haywood Y. Riddle | Democratic | 1875 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 5 | John M. Bright | Democratic | 1870 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 6 | John F. House | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 7 | Washington C. Whitthorne | Democratic | 1870 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 8 | John D. C. Atkins | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 9 | William P. Caldwell | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas
Vermont
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Vermont 1 | Charles H. Joyce | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Vermont 2 | Dudley C. Denison | Independent Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
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Vermont 3 | George Hendee | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 1 | Beverly B. Douglas | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 2 | John Goode | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 3 | Gilbert C. Walker | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 4 | William H. H. Stowell | Republican | 1870 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Virginia 5 | George Cabell | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 6 | J. Randolph Tucker | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 7 | John T. Harris | Democratic | 1870 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 8 | Eppa Hunton | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 9 | William Terry | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
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West Virginia
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | Benjamin Wilson | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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West Virginia 2 | Charles J. Faulkner | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Democratic hold. |
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West Virginia 3 | Frank Hereford | Democratic | 1870 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Democratic hold. |
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Wisconsin
Wisconsin elected eight members of congress on Election Day, November 7, 1876.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[citation needed] | |
Wisconsin 1 | Charles G. Williams | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 2 | Lucien B. Caswell | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 3 | Henry S. Magoon | Republican | 1870 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold. |
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Wisconsin 4 | William Pitt Lynde | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 5 | Samuel D. Burchard | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
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Wisconsin 6 | Alanson M. Kimball | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Wisconsin 7 | Jeremiah McLain Rusk | Republican | 1870 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold. |
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Wisconsin 8 | George W. Cate | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Non-voting delegates
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arizona Territory at-large | |||||
Dakota Territory at-large | Jefferson P. Kidder | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Idaho Territory at-large | Stephen S. Fenn | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Montana Territory at-large | Martin Maginnis | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Mexico Territory at-large | |||||
Washington Territory at-large | |||||
Wyoming Territory at-large | William R. Steele | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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See also
- 1876 United States elections
- 1876 United States presidential election
- 1876–77 United States Senate elections
- 44th United States Congress
- 45th United States Congress
Notes
- Regular elections, not specials
- Most states held their elections November 7, 1876.
- There is a significant discrepancy for the party totals in the U.S House resulting from the 1874 elections between Dubin (p. 241, who records 150 Democrats, 2 Independent Democrats, and 141 Republicans), and Martis (pp. 130–131). The discrepancy seems to be accounted for by the fact that Dubin's party figures represent the party totals on the first day of the 45th United States Congress, while Martis' figures take into account the results of later contested elections (all of which were decided in favor of the Democratic candidates who challenged the election results).
- Included 1 Independent Democrat.
- Included 3 Independent Republicans.
- Includes 2 Independent Democrats
- Includes 1 Independent Democrat.
- Elections held late
- After disputed election
- The election in the Florida's 2nd district was extremely close, with initial returns showing a difference between the two candidates of only 3 votes. Finley challenged Bisbee's election and was eventually seated on February 20, 1879.
References
- Martis, p. 130–131.
- Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721.
- "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved October 9, 2024.
- "Our Campaigns - AL District 1 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - AL District 2 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - AL - District 03 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - AL District 4 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - AL District 5 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - AL District 6 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - AL District 7 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - AL District 8 Race - Nov 07, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- Guide to U.S. Elections. Vol. II (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2010. p. 1058. ISBN 9781604265361. LCCN 2009033938. OCLC 430736650.
- "Login: CQ Voting and Elections Collection". library.cqpress.com. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
- "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
- "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
- "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
- "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
- "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
- "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
- "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 7, 1876". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 19, 2021.
- "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- "VT Elections Database » Vermont Election Results and Statistics". VT Elections Database. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved September 2, 2024.
- "WV District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
- "WV District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
- "WV District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
- "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
- Bashford, R. M., ed. (1878). "Official Directory: Members of Congress". The legislative manual of the state of Wisconsin (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 449–452. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- "DK Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 6, 2021.
- "ID Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 3, 2021.
- "MT Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
- "WY Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
Bibliography
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)
Author: www.NiNa.Az
Publication date:
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The 1876 77 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between June 5 1876 and March 13 1877 Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 45th United States Congress convened on October 15 1877 The size of the House increased to 293 seats with the addition of the new state of Colorado 1876 77 United States House of Representatives elections 1874 amp 1875 June 5 1876 March 1877 1878 amp 1879 All 293 seats in the United States House of Representatives 147 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Leader Samuel J Randall James A Garfield Party Democratic Republican Leader s seat Pennsylvania 3rd Ohio 19th Last election 180 seats 103 seats Seats won 155 136 Seat change 25 33 Popular vote 4 220 480 3 825 311 Percentage 51 27 46 47 Swing 2 15pp 2 09pp Third party Party Independent Last election 4 seats Seats won 2 Seat change 2 Popular vote 96 318 Percentage 1 17 Swing 3 27ppMap of U S House elections results from 1876 elections for 45th CongressSpeaker before election Vacancy Democratic Elected Speaker Samuel Randall Democratic These elections coincided with the heavily contested election of President Rutherford B Hayes and the United States Centennial Hayes Republican Party was able to recover from the Democratic Party many of the seats it had lost two years before as the economy improved slightly However the Democrats retained a majority and were able to use the disinterest of the people in Republican Reconstruction led projects to help keep crucial seats Republican congressional leadership had a difficult time distancing itself from the corruption of the Ulysses S Grant administration or the legislature s impact on the economy downturn Election summaries 157 136 Democratic Republican State Type Total seats Democratic Republican Seats Change Seats Change Alabama District 8 8 2 0 2 Arkansas District 4 4 0 California District 4 2 1 2 1 Colorado At large 1 1 1 0 1 Connecticut District 4 3 1 Delaware At large 1 1 0 Florida District 2 2 1 0 1 Georgia District 9 9 0 Illinois District 19 8 2 11 4 Indiana District 13 4 4 9 4 Iowa District 9 0 1 9 1 Kansas District 3 0 1 3 1 Kentucky District 10 10 1 0 1 Louisiana District 6 5 1 1 1 Maine District 5 0 5 Maryland District 6 6 0 Massachusetts District 11 2 1 9 4 Michigan District 9 1 2 8 2 Minnesota District 3 0 3 Mississippi District 6 6 2 0 2 Missouri District 13 9 4 4 4 Nebraska At large 1 0 1 Nevada At large 1 0 1 New Hampshire District 3 1 1 2 1 New Jersey District 7 4 1 3 1 New York District 33 16 1 17 1 North Carolina District 8 7 1 Ohio District 20 8 5 12 5 Oregon At large 1 0 1 1 1 Pennsylvania District 27 10 7 17 7 Rhode Island District 2 0 2 South Carolina District 5 2 2 3 2 Tennessee District 10 8 1 2 1 Texas District 6 6 0 Vermont District 3 0 3 Virginia District 9 8 1 West Virginia District 3 3 0 Wisconsin District 8 3 5 Total 293 157 53 6 27 136 46 4 31 Popular vote Democratic 51 27 Independent 1 17 Republican 46 47 Others 1 09 House seats Democratic 52 90 Independent 0 68 Republican 46 42 The previous election included 4 Independents in Illinois and Massachusetts Results shaded according to winning candidate s share of the vote House seats by party holding plurality in state 80 Democratic 80 Republican 60 to 80 Democratic 60 to 80 Republican Up to 60 Democratic Up to 60 Republican Net gain in party representation 6 Democratic gain 6 Republican gain 3 5 Democratic gain 3 5 Republican gain 1 2 Democratic gain 1 2 Republican gain no net changeElection datesIn 1845 Congress passed a law providing for a uniform nationwide date for choosing Presidential electors This law did not affect election dates for Congress which remained within the jurisdiction of State governments but over time the states moved their congressional elections to this date as well In 1876 77 there were still 8 states with earlier election dates and 1 state with a later election date Elections before Election Day United States June 5 Oregon September 5 Vermont September 11 Maine October 4 Georgia October 10 Indiana Iowa Ohio West Virginia Standard Election Day November 7 1876 Election after Election Day March 13 1877 New HampshireSpecial electionsThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2019 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Connecticut 3 Henry H Starkweather Republican 1867 Incumbent died January 28 1876 New member elected April 12 1876 Republican hold Winner later re elected to the next term see below Y John T Wait Republican 54 5 Democratic 42 9 Elisha H Palmer Prohibition 2 6 Connecticut 4 William Barnum Democratic 1867 Incumbent resigned May 18 1876 when elected U S senator New member elected November 7 1876 Democratic hold Winner also elected to the next term see below Y Levi Warner Democratic 52 5 Republican 47 2 Elias B Hilliard Prohibition 0 2 Indiana 2 Indiana 3 Maine 3 James G Blaine Republican 1862 Incumbent resigned July 10 1876 New member elected September 11 1876 Republican hold Winner retired after serving out the remainder of the term Y Edwin Flye Republican 54 85 Isaac Reed Democratic 45 15 AlabamaAlabama redistricted and eliminated its at large seats going from 6 districts and 2 at large seats to 8 districts The state also elected a full delegation of Democrats voting out the two Republicans District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Alabama 1 Charles Hays Redistricted from the 4th district Republican 1872 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y James T Jones Democratic 49 25 Frederick G Bromberg Ind Democratic 40 82 Republican 9 92 Alabama 2 New district New seat Democratic gain Y Hilary A Herbert Democratic 54 90 Republican 45 10 Alabama 3 Jeremiah Norman Williams Redistricted from the 2nd district Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Jeremiah Norman Williams Democratic 78 34 Republican 21 66 Alabama 4 Jeremiah Haralson Redistricted from the 1st district Republican 1874 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Charles M Shelley Democratic 37 77 Jeremiah Haralson Republican 33 93 James T Rapier Colored Republican 28 30 Alabama 5 New district New seat Democratic gain Y Robert F Ligon Democratic 65 77 Republican 34 23 Alabama 6 Goldsmith W Hewitt Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Goldsmith W Hewitt Democratic 100 Uncontested Burwell Boykin Lewis Redistricted from the at large district Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic loss Alabama 7 William Henry Forney Redistricted from the at large district Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y William Henry Forney Democratic 100 Uncontested Taul Bradford Redistricted from the 3rd district Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired Democratic loss John H Caldwell Redistricted from the 5th district Democratic 1872 Incumbent retired Democratic loss Alabama 8 New district New seat Democratic gain Y William W Garth Democratic 62 0 Ind Democratic 38 0 ArkansasDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Arkansas 1 Lucien C Gause Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Lucien C Gause Democratic 97 5 Uncontested Arkansas 2 William F Slemons Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y William F Slemons Democratic 53 7 Oliver P Snyder Republican 47 6 Arkansas 3 William W Wilshire Democratic 1872 1874 lost contest 1874 Incumbent retired Independent Democratic gain Y Jordan E Cravens Ind Democratic 35 9 John McClure Republican 34 7 Democratic 25 7 Arkansas 4 Thomas M Gunter Democratic 1872 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas M Gunter Democratic 74 7 J H Huckleberry Republican 25 3 CaliforniaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates California 1 William Adam Piper Democratic 1875 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Horace Davis Republican 53 3 William A Piper Democratic 46 7 California 2 Horace F Page Republican 1872 Incumbent re elected Y Horace F Page Republican 56 7 G J Carpenter Democratic 43 3 California 3 John K Luttrell Democratic 1872 Incumbent re elected Y John K Luttrell Democratic 51 1 Joseph McKenna Republican 48 9 California 4 Peter D Wigginton Democratic 1875 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Romualdo Pacheco Republican 50 Peter D Wigginton Democratic 50 ColoradoThere were two elections to the new state of Colorado 44th Congress District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Colorado at large New district New seat Republican gain Y James B Belford Republican data missing 45th Congress District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Colorado at large James B Belford Republican 1876 Incumbent re elected Election was later successfully challenged by the challenger Y James B Belford Republican 51 9 Thomas M Patterson Democratic ConnecticutConnecticut had been electing is members late in the cycle even after the terms had begun But starting in 1876 the state joined the others in electing its members on the November 7 1876 Election Day The delegation remained 3 Democrats and 1 Republican District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Connecticut 1 George M Landers Democratic 1875 Incumbent re elected Y George M Landers Democratic 50 2 Joseph R Hawley Republican 49 8 Connecticut 2 James Phelps Democratic 1875 Incumbent re elected Y James Phelps Democratic 53 8 Stephen W Kellogg Republican 46 3 Connecticut 3 John T Wait Republican 1876 special Incumbent re elected Y John T Wait Republican 54 2 Waller Democratic 45 8 Connecticut 4 William Barnum Democratic 1867 Incumbent resigned May 18 1876 when elected U S senator Democratic hold Winner also elected to finish the current term see above Y Levi Warner Democratic 52 7 Republican 47 4 DelawareDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Delaware at large James Williams Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y James Williams Democratic 55 4 Bird Republican 44 6 FloridaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Florida 1 William J Purman Republican 1872 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Robert H M Davidson Democratic 51 2 William J Purman Republican 48 8 Florida 2 Jesse J Finley Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Horatio Bisbee Jr Republican 50 04 Jesse J Finley Democratic 49 96 GeorgiaIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Maine 1 John H Burleigh Republican 1872 Incumbent lost renomination Republican hold Y Thomas B Reed Republican 51 45 John M Goodwin Democratic 47 99 John H Burleigh Republican 0 56 Maine 2 William P Frye Republican 1870 Incumbent re elected Y William P Frye Republican 55 72 S Clifford Belcher Democratic 42 04 Solon Chase Greenback 2 24 Maine 3 Vacant Rep James G Blaine R resigned July 10 1876 Republican hold Concurrent special election held to serve out the unexpired term the winner did not stand for the regular election Y Stephen Lindsey Republican 55 18 Edward K O Brien Democratic 44 83 Maine 4 Harris M Plaisted Republican 1875 special Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Llewellyn Powers Republican 53 83 John P Donworth Democratic 42 12 Lyndon Oak Independent Republican 4 05 Maine 5 Eugene Hale Republican 1868 Incumbent re elected Y Eugene Hale Republican 55 34 William H McLellan Democratic 44 66 MarylandMassachusettsDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Massachusetts 1 William W Crapo Republican 1875 special Incumbent re elected Y William W Crapo Republican 69 61 Joseph M Day Democratic 30 39 Massachusetts 2 Benjamin W Harris Republican 1872 Incumbent re elected Y Benjamin W Harris Republican 61 45 Edward Avery Democratic 38 55 Massachusetts 3 Henry L Pierce Republican 1874 Incumbent retired New member elected after initial result overturned Democratic gain Y Benjamin Dean Democratic 50 04 Walbridge A Field Republican 49 96 Massachusetts 4 Josiah Gardner Abbott Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Leopold Morse Democratic 52 66 Rufus S Frost Republican 47 34 Massachusetts 5 Nathaniel P Banks Republican 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Nathaniel P Banks Republican 51 97 Richard Frothingham Jr Democratic 48 03 Massachusetts 6 Charles Perkins Thompson Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y George B Loring Republican 52 44 Charles Perkins Thompson Democratic 47 56 Massachusetts 7 John K Tarbox Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Benjamin Butler Republican 51 63 John K Tarbox Democratic 40 02 Ebenezer R Hoar Ind Republican 8 34 Massachusetts 8 John M S Williams Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y William Claflin Republican 53 27 William W Warren Democratic 46 73 Massachusetts 9 George F Hoar Republican 1868 Incumbent retired to run for U S Senate Republican hold Y William W Rice Republican 57 54 George F Verry Democratic 42 46 Massachusetts 10 Charles A Stevens Republican 1875 special Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Amasa Norcross Republican 63 86 Samuel O Lamb Democratic 36 14 Massachusetts 11 Chester W Chapin Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y George D Robinson Republican 54 01 Chester W Chapin Democratic 44 22 MichiganMinnesotaMississippiDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Mississippi 1 Lucius Q C Lamar Democratic 1872 Incumbent retired to run for U S senator Democratic hold Y Henry L Muldrow Democratic 76 24 J W Lee Republican 23 76 Mississippi 2 G Wiley Wells Republican 1874 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y Van H Manning Democratic 61 74 Thomas Watson Republican 38 26 Mississippi 3 Hernando Money Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Hernando Money Democratic 73 96 W W Chisholm Republican 26 04 Mississippi 4 Otho R Singleton Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Otho R Singleton Democratic 80 80 W M Hancock Republican 19 20 Mississippi 5 Charles E Hooker Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Charles E Hooker Democratic 69 67 M Shaughnessey Republican 30 33 Mississippi 6 John R Lynch Republican 1872 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y James R Chalmers Democratic 56 04 John R Lynch Republican 43 96 MissouriNebraskaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Nebraska at large Lorenzo Crounse Republican 1872 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Frank Welch Republican 59 79 Joseph Hollman Democratic 33 29 Marvin Warren Greenback 6 93 NevadaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Nevada at large William Woodburn Republican 1874 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Thomas Wren Republican 52 3 A C Ellis Democratic 47 7 New HampshireNew JerseyNew YorkNorth CarolinaOhioOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates South Carolina 1 Joseph Rainey Republican 1870 special Incumbent re elected Y Joseph Rainey Republican 52 2 John S Richardson Democratic 47 8 South Carolina 2 Edmund W M Mackey Independent Republican 1874 Seat declared vacant July 19 1876 due to contested election Republican gain Y Richard H Cain Republican 62 1 Michael P O Connor Democratic 37 9 South Carolina 3 Solomon L Hoge Republican 1874 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y D Wyatt Aiken Democratic 58 0 Lewis C Carpenter Republican 42 0 South Carolina 4 Alexander S Wallace Republican 1868 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y John H Evins Democratic 57 6 Alexander S Wallace Republican 42 4 South Carolina 5 Robert Smalls Republican 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Robert Smalls Republican 51 9 George D Tillman Democratic 48 1 TennesseeDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Tennessee 1 William McFarland Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y James H Randolph Republican 52 41 William McFarland Democratic 47 59 Tennessee 2 Jacob M Thornburgh Republican 1872 Incumbent re elected Y Jacob M Thornburgh Republican 59 87 William Cullom Democratic 40 13 Tennessee 3 George G Dibrell Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y George G Dibrell Democratic 61 51 G M Drake Republican 38 49 Tennessee 4 Haywood Y Riddle Democratic 1875 special Incumbent re elected Y Haywood Y Riddle Democratic 70 59 R A Cox Democratic 20 93 R F Patton Republican 8 48 Tennessee 5 John M Bright Democratic 1870 Incumbent re elected Y John M Bright Democratic 73 98 Robert Galbraith Republican 26 02 Tennessee 6 John F House Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y John F House Democratic 63 62 William F Prosser Republican 36 38 Tennessee 7 Washington C Whitthorne Democratic 1870 Incumbent re elected Y Washington C Whitthorne Democratic 68 57 D B Cliff Republican 21 11 G W Blackburn Independent Republican 10 32 Tennessee 8 John D C Atkins Democratic 1872 Incumbent re elected Y John D C Atkins Democratic 61 78 Samuel W Hawkins Republican 38 22 Tennessee 9 William P Caldwell Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y William P Caldwell Democratic 69 45 H B Folk Republican 30 55 TexasVermontDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Vermont 1 Charles H Joyce Republican 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Charles H Joyce Republican 67 2 Asa Child Democratic 32 7 Vermont 2 Dudley C Denison Independent Republican 1874 Incumbent re elected as a Republican Republican gain Y Dudley C Denison Republican 71 2 Asa M Dickey Democratic 28 3 Luke P Poland Republican 0 4 Vermont 3 George Hendee Republican 1872 Incumbent re elected Y George Hendee Republican 68 5 John Edwards Democratic 30 7 Asahel Peck Republican 0 7 VirginiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Virginia 1 Beverly B Douglas Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Beverly B Douglas Democratic 56 5 L C Boiston Republican 43 5 Virginia 2 John Goode Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y John Goode Democratic 53 0 Joseph Secar Republican 47 0 Virginia 3 Gilbert C Walker Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Gilbert C Walker Democratic 55 3 Charles S Mills Republican 44 5 Virginia 4 William H H Stowell Republican 1870 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Joseph Jorgensen Republican 51 9 William E Hunton Democratic 46 7 M De R Mortie Republican 1 4 Virginia 5 George Cabell Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y George Cabell Democratic 60 6 Daniel S Lewis Republican 39 4 Virginia 6 J Randolph Tucker Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y J Randolph Tucker Democratic 59 6 George H Burch Republican 40 4 Virginia 7 John T Harris Democratic 1870 Incumbent re elected Y John T Harris Democratic 73 3 Everett W Early Republican 26 7 Virginia 8 Eppa Hunton Democratic 1872 Incumbent re elected Y Eppa Hunton Democratic 62 1 I C O Neal Republican 37 9 Virginia 9 William Terry Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y Auburn Pridemore Democratic 75 8 George T Egbert Republican 24 0 Fayette McMullen Independent 0 2 West VirginiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates West Virginia 1 Benjamin Wilson Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Benjamin Wilson Democratic 52 70 G F Scott Republican 47 30 West Virginia 2 Charles J Faulkner Democratic 1874 Incumbent retired to run for U S senator Democratic hold Y Benjamin F Martin Democratic 55 97 Ward H Lamon Republican 44 03 West Virginia 3 Frank Hereford Democratic 1870 Incumbent retired to run for U S senator Democratic hold Y John E Kenna Democratic 61 47 Benjamin J Redmund Republican 38 53 WisconsinWisconsin elected eight members of congress on Election Day November 7 1876 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates citation needed Wisconsin 1 Charles G Williams Republican 1872 Incumbent re elected Y Charles G Williams Republican 59 3 H G Winslow Democratic 40 7 Wisconsin 2 Lucien B Caswell Republican 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Lucien B Caswell Republican 50 6 Harlow S Orton Democratic 49 4 Wisconsin 3 Henry S Magoon Republican 1870 Incumbent lost renomination Republican hold Y George Cochrane Hazelton Republican 54 5 Philo A Orton Jr Democratic 45 5 Wisconsin 4 William Pitt Lynde Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y William Pitt Lynde Democratic 59 6 William E Smith Republican 40 4 Wisconsin 5 Samuel D Burchard Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y Edward S Bragg Democratic 58 2 George W Carter Republican 41 8 Wisconsin 6 Alanson M Kimball Republican 1874 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Gabriel Bouck Democratic 53 6 Alanson M Kimball Republican 46 4 Wisconsin 7 Jeremiah McLain Rusk Republican 1870 Incumbent lost renomination Republican hold Y Herman L Humphrey Republican 58 6 Martin R Gage Democratic 37 4 Reuben May Ind Greenback 4 0 Wisconsin 8 George W Cate Democratic 1874 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Thaddeus C Pound Republican 51 7 George W Cate Democratic 48 3 Non voting delegatesDistrict Incumbent This race Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates Arizona Territory at large Dakota Territory at large Jefferson P Kidder Republican 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Jefferson P Kidder Republican data missing Idaho Territory at large Stephen S Fenn Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y Stephen S Fenn Democratic 53 93 John Clark Republican 46 07 Montana Territory at large Martin Maginnis Democratic 1872 Incumbent re elected Y Martin Maginnis Democratic 56 22 E D Leavitt Republican 43 78 New Mexico Territory at large Washington Territory at large Wyoming Territory at large William R Steele Democratic 1872 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y William W Corlett Republican 58 33 William R Steele Democratic 41 67 See also1876 United States elections 1876 United States presidential election 1876 77 United States Senate elections 44th United States Congress 45th United States CongressNotesRegular elections not specials Most states held their elections November 7 1876 There is a significant discrepancy for the party totals in the U S House resulting from the 1874 elections between Dubin p 241 who records 150 Democrats 2 Independent Democrats and 141 Republicans and Martis pp 130 131 The discrepancy seems to be accounted for by the fact that Dubin s party figures represent the party totals on the first day of the 45th United States Congress while Martis figures take into account the results of later contested elections all of which were decided in favor of the Democratic candidates who challenged the election results Included 1 Independent Democrat Included 3 Independent Republicans Includes 2 Independent Democrats Includes 1 Independent Democrat Elections held late After disputed election The election in the Florida s 2nd district was extremely close with initial returns showing a difference between the two candidates of only 3 votes Finley challenged Bisbee s election and was eventually seated on February 20 1879 ReferencesMartis p 130 131 Statutes at Large 28th Congress 2nd Session p 721 State of Connecticut Elections Database Search Past Election Results State of Connecticut Elections Database Retrieved October 9 2024 Our Campaigns AL District 1 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Our Campaigns AL District 2 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Our Campaigns AL District 03 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Our Campaigns AL District 4 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Our Campaigns AL District 5 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Our Campaigns AL District 6 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Our Campaigns AL District 7 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Our Campaigns AL District 8 Race Nov 07 1876 www ourcampaigns com Guide to U S Elections Vol II 6th ed Washington D C CQ Press 2010 p 1058 ISBN 9781604265361 LCCN 2009033938 OCLC 430736650 Login CQ Voting and Elections Collection library cqpress com Retrieved September 9 2023 MS District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved March 11 2021 MS District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved March 11 2021 MS District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved March 11 2021 MS District 04 Our Campaigns Retrieved March 11 2021 MS District 05 Our Campaigns Retrieved March 11 2021 MS District 06 Our Campaigns Retrieved March 11 2021 Our Campaigns NE District 01 Race Nov 7 1876 www ourcampaigns com Retrieved September 19 2021 TN District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 04 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 05 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 06 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 07 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 08 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 TN District 09 Our Campaigns Retrieved February 22 2021 VT Elections Database Vermont Election Results and Statistics VT Elections Database Retrieved August 29 2024 Virginia Elections Database Virginia Election Results and Statistics Virginia Elections Database Retrieved September 2 2024 WV District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved April 16 2021 WV District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved April 16 2021 WV District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved April 16 2021 Wisconsin U S House Election Results PDF Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs Archived from the original PDF on April 5 2012 Retrieved May 24 2020 Bashford R M ed 1878 Official Directory Members of Congress The legislative manual of the state of Wisconsin Report Madison Wisconsin State of Wisconsin pp 449 452 Retrieved July 18 2020 DK Territorial Delegate Our Campaigns Retrieved April 6 2021 ID Territorial Delegate Our Campaigns Retrieved April 3 2021 MT Territorial Delegate Our Campaigns Retrieved April 4 2021 WY Territorial Delegate Our Campaigns Retrieved April 11 2021 BibliographyDubin Michael J March 1 1998 United States Congressional Elections 1788 1997 The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses McFarland and Company ISBN 978 0786402830 Martis Kenneth C January 1 1989 The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress 1789 1989 Macmillan Publishing Company ISBN 978 0029201701 Moore John L ed 1994 Congressional Quarterly s Guide to U S Elections Third ed Congressional Quarterly Inc ISBN 978 0871879967 Party Divisions of the House of Representatives 1789 Present Office of the Historian House of United States House of Representatives Retrieved January 21 2015 External linksOffice of the Historian Office of Art amp Archives Office of the Clerk U S House of Representatives