List of rulers of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia

These are lists of political office-holders in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, which from 15 March 1939 until 9 May 1945 comprised the Nazi-occupied parts of Czechoslovakia.

Flag of Bohemia and Moravia

Coat of arms of Bohemia and Moravia

The lists include both the representatives of the Nazi-recognized Czech authorities as well as the German Reichsprotektoren ("Reich protectors") and the Staatsminister ("State Minister"), who held the real executive power in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.

Government of the Protectorate

Note: State President (Státní prezident / Staatspräsident) Emil Hácha and Prime Minister (Předseda vlády / Premierminister) Rudolf Beran held the office prior the German occupation, during the Second Czechoslovak Republic, and were officially confirmed in those positions (with very limited sovereignty and power) by German authorities within few days after the occupation.

State President of Bohemia and Moravia

No.	Portrait	Name (Lifespan)	Tenure			Political affiliation		Elected	Ref.
			Took office	Left office	Duration
1		Emil Hácha (1872–1945)	16 March 1939	9 May 1945	6 years, 54 days		National Partnership	–

Prime Ministers of Bohemia and Moravia

No.	Portrait	Name (Lifespan)	Tenure			Political affiliation		Cabinet	Ref.
			Took office	Left office	Duration
–		Rudolf Beran (1887–1954) Acting	16 March 1939	27 April 1939	42 days		National Partnership	[cs]	–
1		Alois Eliáš (1890–1942)	27 April 1939	27 September 1941	2 years, 153 days		National Partnership	[cs]
–		Jaroslav Krejčí (1892–1956)	28 September 1941	19 January 1942	113 days		National Partnership		–
2			19 January 1942	19 January 1945	3 years			[cs]
3		Richard Bienert (1881–1949)	19 January 1945	5 May 1945	106 days		National Partnership	[cs]	–

German representatives

Supreme Commander of the Wehrmacht in Bohemia and Moravia

No.	Portrait	Name (Lifespan)	Tenure			Defence branch		Ref.
			Took office	Left office	Duration
1		General der Infanterie Johannes Blaskowitz (1883–1948)	15 March 1939	18 March 1939	3 days		German Army

Reich Protectors of Bohemia and Moravia

No.	Portrait	Name (Lifespan)	Tenure			Political affiliation		Cabinet	Ref.
			Took office	Left office	Duration
1		Konstantin von Neurath (1873–1956)	21 March 1939	24 August 1943	4 years, 156 days		Nazi Party	Hitler
–		SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich (1904–1942) Acting	29 September 1941	4 June 1942	248 days		Nazi Party	–
–		SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer Kurt Daluege (1897–1946) Acting	5 June 1942	24 August 1943	1 year, 80 days		Nazi Party	–
2		Wilhelm Frick (1877–1946)	24 August 1943	8 May 1945	1 year, 257 days		Nazi Party	Hitler

State Minister for Bohemia and Moravia

On 20 August 1943, at the eve of Wilhelm Frick's appointment, the State Ministry for Bohemia and Moravia was created within the Hitler cabinet, which assumed many powers of the Prime Minister and of the Reich Protector. SS-Obergruppenführer Karl Hermann Frank, Higher SS and Police Leader (Höherer SS-und Polizeiführer, HSSPF, HSS-PF, HSSuPF) in Bohemia and Moravia and the former Secretary of State in the Office of Reich Protector since 1939, was the only State Minister (with the title Staatsminister im Range eines Reichsministers) for Bohemia and Moravia, reducing the formerly important position of Reich Protector to a ceremonial role.

No.	Portrait	Name (Lifespan)	Tenure			Political affiliation		Cabinet	Ref.
			Took office	Left office	Duration
1		SS-Obergruppenführer Karl Hermann Frank (1898–1946)	20 August 1943	8 May 1945	1 year, 261 days		Nazi Party	Hitler

Timeline

Governmental standards

• Service flag of the Reich Protector
  (1939–1944)
• Service flag of the Reich Protector
  (1944–1945)
• Service flag of the State Minister for Bohemia and Moravia
  (1944–1945)
• Service flag of the Representative of the Wehrmacht in Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1945)
• Standard of the State President

See also

• List of presidents of Czechoslovakia
• List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia

Notes

1. Since May 1944, officially represented by prime ministers.
2. Previously elected as Czechoslovak president in 1938.
3. Arrested because of his participation in the anti-Nazi resistance.
4. Arrested by the Czech resistance at the start of the Prague uprising.
5. Raised to the honorary rank of an SS-Obergruppenführer on 21 June 1943.
6. Incapacitated since 27 May 1942.
7. Fled at the end of the Prague uprising.

References

1. "Abstract of Decree for Protectorate Over Bohemia-Moravia". The New York Times. AP. 17 April 1939. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
2. "Prague Says Foes Accept Surrender; Czechoslovak Radio Reports All Fighting in Bohemia Will Be Ended Today". The New York Times. 8 May 1945. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
3. "Dr. Hacha, 73, Dies; Worked With Nazis". The New York Times. AP. 1 July 1945. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
4. "Elias Has Resisted Pressure of Nazis; Premier of Protectorate Has Kept Uneasy Balance in Bohemia-Moravia". The New York Times. 29 September 1941. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
5. Kathleen McLaughlin (6 February 1948). "Blaskowitz Leaps to Death in Jail Before Start of War Crimes Trial". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
6. "'Protector' Takes His Post In Prague; Von Neurath Replaces Army Rule Over Bohemia-Moravia With Civil Authority". The New York Times. 6 April 1939. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
7. "Neurath Ouster Stressed". The New York Times. 25 August 1943. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
8. "Czech State Gets Gestapo Master; Heydrich, Chief Lieutenant of Himmler, Succeeds Von Neurath as Protector". The New York Times. AP. 28 September 1941. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
9. Daniel T. Brigham (5 June 1942). "Heydrich Is Dead; Czech Toll At 178". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
10. "Daluege Shift Confirmed". The New York Times. 31 May 1942. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
11. "Daluege, Who Wiped Out Lidice, Hanged; Execution Follows Two Attempts at Suicide". The New York Times. U.P. 24 October 1946. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
12. "Frick, Pioneer Nazi, Bagged Near Munich". The New York Times. AP. 5 May 1945. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
13. "Německé státní ministerstvo pro Čechy a Moravu, Praha / Deutsches Staatsministerium für Böhmen und Mähren, Prag / German State Ministry for Bohemia and Moravia, Prague (fond description)". EHRI. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
14. "Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, Volume V, p. 893, Document 3086-PS" (PDF). Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality. 1946. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
15. "Frank Is Hanged For Lidice Crime; Nazi 'Protector' of Bohemia Says 'Germany Will Live' as Widows Look On". The New York Times. 23 May 1946. Retrieved 1 October 2024.