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The 1894 United States House of Representatives elections were held from June 4, 1894, to November 6, 1894, with special elections throughout the year. Elections were held to elect representatives from all 356 congressional districts across each of the 44 U.S. states at the time, as well as non-voting delegates from the inhabited U.S. territories. The winners of this election served in the 54th Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 1890 United States census.
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All 356 seats in the United States House of Representatives 179 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results: Democratic gain Republican gain Democratic hold Republican hold Populist gain Populist hold Silver hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The elections comprised a significant political realignment, with a major Republican landslide that set the stage for the decisive election of 1896. The 1894 elections came in the middle of Democratic President Grover Cleveland's second term. The nation was in its deepest economic depression yet following the Panic of 1893, which pushed economic issues to the forefront. In the spring, a major coal strike damaged the economy of the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic. It was accompanied by violence; the miners lost and many joined the Populist Party. Immediately after the coal strike concluded, Eugene V. Debs led a nationwide railroad strike. It shut down the nation's transportation system west of Detroit for weeks, until President Cleveland's use of federal troops ended the strike. Debs went to prison for disobeying a court order. Illinois Governor John Peter Altgeld, a Democrat, broke bitterly with Cleveland.
The fragmented and disoriented Democratic Party was crushed everywhere outside of the South, losing more than 55% of its seats to the Republican Party. The Democrats did so poorly that even in the South, they lost seats to the Republican-Populist electoral fusion in Alabama, North Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Texas. The Democrats ultimately lost 127 seats in this election, with the Republicans gaining 130 seats after the resolution of several contested elections.
The Democratic Party failed to win one seat in twenty-four states and only won one seat in six states. Prominent Democrats in the house including Richard P. Bland, William S. Holman, William M. Springer, and William L. Wilson were defeated in the election. To date, the 1894 election represents the largest seat swing in a single election in the history of the House of Representatives; the only other occasion where a political party has suffered triple-digit losses was in 1932.
The main issues revolved around the severe economic depression, which the Republicans blamed on the conservative Bourbon Democrats led by Cleveland. Cleveland supporters lost heavily, weakening their hold on the party and setting the stage for an 1896 takeover by the free silver wing of the party. The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest, but generally lost ground outside of the South. The Democrats tried to raise a religious issue, claiming the GOP was in cahoots with the anti-Catholic American Protective Association; the allegations seem to have fallen flat as Catholics swung towards the GOP.
Election summaries
| 93 | 10 | 254 |
| Democratic | Republican |
| State | Type | Total seats | Democratic | Populist | Republican | Silver | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
| Alabama | District | 9 | 5 |  4 | 2 |  2 | 2 | 2 | 0 |  |
| Arkansas | District | 6 | 6 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| California | District | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | |
| Colorado | District | 2 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Connecticut | District | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | | 4 | 3 | 0 | |
| Delaware | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Florida | District | 2 | 2 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Georgia | District | 11 | 11 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Idaho | At-large | 1 | 0 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Illinois | District | 22 | 0 | 11 | 0 | | 22 | 11 | 0 | |
| Indiana | District | 13 | 0 | 11 | 0 | | 13 | 11 | 0 | |
| Iowa | District | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 11 | 1 | 0 | |
| Kansas | District +at-large | 8 | 0 | | 1 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 0 | |
| Kentucky | District | 11 | 5 | 5 | 0 | | 6 | 5 | 0 | |
| Louisiana | District | 6 | 6 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Maine | District | 4 | 0 | | 0 | | 4 | | 0 | |
| Maryland | District | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | | 3 | 3 | 0 | |
| Massachusetts | District | 13 | 1 | 3 | 0 | | 12 | 3 | 0 | |
| Michigan | District | 12 | 0 | 5 | 0 | | 12 | 5 | 0 | |
| Minnesota | District | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 0 | |
| Mississippi | District | 7 | 7 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Missouri | District | 15 | 4 | 9 | 0 | | 11 | 9 | 0 | |
| Montana | At-large | 1 | 0 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Nebraska | District | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
| Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | | 1 | 1 |
| New Hampshire | District | 2 | 0 | | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| New Jersey | District | 8 | 0 | 6 | 0 | | 8 | 6 | 0 | |
| New York | District | 34 | 4 | 16 | 0 | | 30 | 16 | 0 | |
| North Carolina | District | 9 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
| North Dakota | At-large | 1 | 0 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Ohio | District | 21 | 2 | 9 | 0 | | 19 | 9 | 0 | |
| Oregon | District | 2 | 0 | | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| Pennsylvania | District +2 at-large | 30 | 2 | 8 | 0 | | 28 | 8 | 0 | |
| Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
| South Carolina | District | 7 | 6 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 0 | | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| Tennessee | District | 10 | 6 | 2 | 0 | | 4 | 2 | 0 | |
| Texas | District | 13 | 12 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Vermont | District | 2 | 0 | | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| Virginia | District | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
| Washington | At-large | 2 | 0 | | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| West Virginia | District | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | | 4 | 4 | 0 | |
| Wisconsin | District | 10 | 0 | 6 | 0 | | 10 | 6 | 0 | |
| Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 356 | 93 26.1% | 107 | 9 2.5% | 4 | 253 71.1% | 110 | 1 0.3% | 1 | |
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Special elections
15 special elections took place in 1894 leading up to and following the general election. They are listed below in order of election date then by state and district. Republicans flipped 3 seats in the special elections in New York's 14th, Kentucky's 9th, and Maryland's 5th congressional districts.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Virginia 7 | Charles T. O'Ferrall | Democratic | 1884 (special) | Incumbent resigned December 28, 1893 after being elected Governor of Virginia. New member elected January 30, 1894. Democratic hold. Winner later re-elected in November; see below. |
|
| New York 14 | John R. Fellows | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned December 31, 1893 to become District Attorney of New York City. New member elected January 30, 1894. Republican gain. Winner later re-elected in November; see below. |
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| Pennsylvania at-large | William Lilly | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died December 1, 1893. New member elected February 26, 1894. Republican hold. |
|
| South Carolina 1 | William H. Brawley | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned February 12, 1894, to become judge for the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina. New member elected April 12, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
| Maryland 1 | Robert F. Brattan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died May 10, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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| Ohio 3 | George W. Houk | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent died February 9, 1894. New member elected May 21, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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| Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican hold. |
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| Alabama 3 | William C. Oates | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned November 5, 1894, after being elected Governor of Alabama. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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| Kentucky 9 | Thomas H. Paynter | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent resigned January 5, 1895, having been elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. New member elected November 6, 1894 and seated March 4, 1895. Republican gain. |
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| Maryland 5 | Barnes Compton | Democratic | 1884 1890 (lost contest) 1890 | Incumbent resigned May 15, 1894, to become a naval officer. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican gain. |
|
| Arkansas 2 | Clifton R. Breckinridge | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent resigned August 14, 1894, to become U.S. Minister to Russia. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
| Kentucky 10 | Marcus C. Lisle | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died July 7, 1894. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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| Louisiana 4 | Newton C. Blanchard | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned March 12, 1894, to become a U.S. Senator. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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| Ohio 2 | John A. Caldwell | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent resigned April 4, 1894, to become Mayor of Cincinnati. New member elected December 3, 1894. Republican hold. |
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| New York 15 | Ashbel P. Fitch | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent resigned December 26, 1893, to become New York City Comptroller. New member elected December 30, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Early election dates
In 1894, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:
- June 4 Oregon
- September 4 Vermont
- September 10 Maine
Alabama
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Arkansas
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California
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| California 1 | Thomas J. Geary | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| California 2 | Anthony Caminetti | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| California 3 | Warren B. English | Democratic | 1892 (contested) | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| California 4 | James G. Maguire | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| California 5 | Eugene F. Loud | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| California 6 | Marion Cannon | Populist | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| California 7 | William W. Bowers | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Colorado
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Connecticut
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Connecticut 1 | Lewis Sperry | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Connecticut 2 | James P. Pigott | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Connecticut 3 | Charles A. Russell | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Connecticut 4 | Robert E. De Forest | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Delaware
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Delaware at-large | John W. Causey | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
|
Florida
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Florida 1 | Stephen R. Mallory | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Florida 2 | Charles Merian Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia
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Idaho
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Idaho at-large | Willis Sweet | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
|
Illinois
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Indiana
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Iowa
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Kansas
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Kentucky
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Louisiana
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Maine
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Maine 1 | Thomas B. Reed | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Maine 2 | Nelson Dingley Jr. | Republican | 1881 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Maine 3 | Seth L. Milliken | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Maine 4 | Charles A. Boutelle | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland
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Massachusetts
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Massachusetts 1 | Ashley B. Wright | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 2 | Frederick H. Gillett | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 3 | Joseph H. Walker | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 4 | Lewis D. Apsley | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 5 | Moses T. Stevens | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| Massachusetts 6 | William Cogswell | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 7 | William Everett | Democratic | 1893 (special) | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| Massachusetts 8 | Samuel W. McCall | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 9 | Joseph H. O'Neil | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
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| Massachusetts 10 | Michael J. McEttrick | Citizens Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected Republican gain. |
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| Massachusetts 11 | William F. Draper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 12 | Elijah A. Morse | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Massachusetts 13 | Charles S. Randall | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold. |
|
Michigan
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Minnesota
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Minnesota 1 | James A. Tawney | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Minnesota 2 | James McCleary | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Minnesota 3 | Osee M. Hall | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Minnesota 4 | Andrew Kiefer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Minnesota 5 | Loren Fletcher | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Minnesota 6 | Melvin Baldwin | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Minnesota 7 | Haldor Boen | Populist | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
Mississippi
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Mississippi 1 | John M. Allen | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Mississippi 2 | John C. Kyle | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Mississippi 3 | Thomas C. Catchings | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Mississippi 4 | Hernando Money | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Mississippi 5 | John S. Williams | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Mississippi 6 | T. R. Stockdale | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
|
| Mississippi 7 | Charles E. Hooker | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Missouri
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Montana
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Montana at-large | Charles S. Hartman | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Nebraska 1 | William Jennings Bryan | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Republican gain. |
|
| Nebraska 2 | David H. Mercer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Nebraska 3 | George de Rue Meiklejohn | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Nebraska 4 | Eugene J. Hainer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Nebraska 5 | William A. McKeighan | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Nebraska 6 | Omer M. Kem | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nevada
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Nevada at-large | Francis G. Newlands | Silver | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Hampshire
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New Jersey
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New Mexico
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New York
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North Carolina
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North Dakota
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| North Dakota at-large | Martin N. Johnson | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Ohio 1 | Bellamy Storer | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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| Ohio 2 | Jacob H. Bromwell | Republican | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 3 | Paul J. Sorg | Democratic | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 4 | Fernando C. Layton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 5 | Dennis D. Donovan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 6 | George W. Hulick | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 7 | George W. Wilson | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 8 | Luther M. Strong | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 9 | Byron F. Ritchie | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 10 | Hezekiah S. Bundy | Republican | 1893 (s) | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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| Ohio 11 | Charles H. Grosvenor | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 12 | Joseph H. Outhwaite | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 13 | Darius D. Hare | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 14 | Michael D. Harter | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 15 | H. Clay Van Voorhis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 16 | Albert J. Pearson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 17 | James A. D. Richards | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 18 | George P. Ikirt | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| Ohio 19 | Stephen A. Northway | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Ohio 20 | William J. White | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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| Ohio 21 | Tom L. Johnson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Oregon
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Oregon 1 | Binger Hermann | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Oregon 2 | William R. Ellis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Pennsylvania
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Rhode Island
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South Carolina
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| South Carolina 1 | James F. Izlar | Democratic | 1894 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. |
|
| George W. Murray Redistricted from the 7th district | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. Murray successfully challenged Elliott's election and was awarded the seat on June 4, 1896. | ||
| South Carolina 2 | W. Jasper Talbert | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| South Carolina 3 | Asbury Latimer | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| South Carolina 4 | George W. Shell | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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| South Carolina 5 | Thomas J. Strait | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| South Carolina 6 | John L. McLaurin | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| South Carolina 7 | None (New district) | New district. Democratic gain. The election was voided on June 1, 1896, due to electoral fraud. |
| ||
South Dakota
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| South Dakota at-large 2 seats | John Pickler | Republican | 1889 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| William V. Lucas | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold. | ||
Tennessee
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Tennessee 1 | Alfred A. Taylor | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
|
| Tennessee 2 | John C. Houk | Republican | 1891 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent Republican. Republican hold. |
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| Tennessee 3 | Henry C. Snodgrass | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Tennessee 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Tennessee 5 | James D. Richardson | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Tennessee 6 | Joseph E. Washington | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Tennessee 7 | Nicholas N. Cox | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Tennessee 8 | Benjamin A. Enloe | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Tennessee 9 | James C. McDearmon | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Tennessee 10 | Josiah Patterson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Texas 1 | Joseph C. Hutcheson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Texas 2 | Samuel B. Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 3 | Constantine B. Kilgore | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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| Texas 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 5 | Joseph W. Bailey | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 6 | Jo Abbott | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 7 | George C. Pendleton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 8 | Charles K. Bell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 9 | Joseph D. Sayers | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 10 | Walter Gresham | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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| Texas 11 | William H. Crain | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Texas 12 | Thomas M. Paschal | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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| Texas 13 | Jeremiah V. Cockrell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Vermont 1 | H. Henry Powers | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Vermont 2 | William W. Grout | Republican | 1880 1882 (lost) 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Virginia 1 | William A. Jones | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 2 | David G. Tyler | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 3 | George D. Wise | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
Others
|
| Virginia 4 | James F. Epes | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
Others
|
| Election successfully challenged. Republican gain. | ▌ Robert Taylor Thorp (Republican) | ||||
| Virginia 5 | Claude A. Swanson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Virginia 6 | Paul C. Edmunds | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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| Virginia 7 | Smith S. Turner | Democratic | 1894 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
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| Virginia 8 | Elisha E. Meredith | Democratic | 1891 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Virginia 9 | James W. Marshall | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican gain. |
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| Virginia 10 | Henry St. George Tucker | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
|
Washington
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West Virginia
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| West Virginia 1 | John O. Pendleton | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican gain. |
|
| West Virginia 2 | William Lyne Wilson | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| West Virginia 3 | John D. Alderson | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| West Virginia 4 | James Capehart | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin
Wisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day, November 6, 1894.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Wisconsin 1 | Henry Allen Cooper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Wisconsin 2 | Charles Barwig | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
| Wisconsin 3 | Joseph W. Babcock | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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| Wisconsin 4 | Peter J. Somers | Democratic | 1893 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. Republican gain. |
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| Wisconsin 5 | George H. Brickner | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. Republican gain. |
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| Wisconsin 6 | Owen A. Wells | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. Republican hold. |
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| Wisconsin 8 | Lyman E. Barnes | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Wisconsin 9 | Thomas Lynch | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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| Wisconsin 10 | Nils P. Haugen | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. Republican hold. |
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Author: www.NiNa.Az
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The 1894 United States House of Representatives elections were held from June 4 1894 to November 6 1894 with special elections throughout the year Elections were held to elect representatives from all 356 congressional districts across each of the 44 U S states at the time as well as non voting delegates from the inhabited U S territories The winners of this election served in the 54th Congress with seats apportioned among the states based on the 1890 United States census 1894 United States House of Representatives elections 1892 June 4 1894 November 6 1894 1896 All 356 seats in the United States House of Representatives 179 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Third party Leader Thomas Brackett Reed Charles F Crisp Party Republican Democratic Populist Leader s seat Maine 1st Georgia 3rd Last election 124 seats 218 seats 11 seats Seats before 143 seats 198 seats 13 seats Seats won 253 93 9 Seat change 110 105 4 Popular vote 5 442 266 4 252 292 1 242 242 Percentage 48 27 37 72 11 02 Swing 7 45pp 9 66pp 2 73pp Fourth party Fifth party Party Silver Independent Last election 1 seat 2 seats Seats before 1 seat 2 seats Seats won 1 0 Seat change 2 Popular vote 4 581 82 148 Percentage 0 04 0 73 Swing 0 02pp 0 08ppResults Democratic gain Republican gain Democratic hold Republican hold Populist gain Populist hold Silver holdSpeaker before election Charles Crisp Democratic Elected Speaker Thomas Reed Republican The elections comprised a significant political realignment with a major Republican landslide that set the stage for the decisive election of 1896 The 1894 elections came in the middle of Democratic President Grover Cleveland s second term The nation was in its deepest economic depression yet following the Panic of 1893 which pushed economic issues to the forefront In the spring a major coal strike damaged the economy of the Midwest and Mid Atlantic It was accompanied by violence the miners lost and many joined the Populist Party Immediately after the coal strike concluded Eugene V Debs led a nationwide railroad strike It shut down the nation s transportation system west of Detroit for weeks until President Cleveland s use of federal troops ended the strike Debs went to prison for disobeying a court order Illinois Governor John Peter Altgeld a Democrat broke bitterly with Cleveland The fragmented and disoriented Democratic Party was crushed everywhere outside of the South losing more than 55 of its seats to the Republican Party The Democrats did so poorly that even in the South they lost seats to the Republican Populist electoral fusion in Alabama North Carolina Tennessee Kentucky and Texas The Democrats ultimately lost 127 seats in this election with the Republicans gaining 130 seats after the resolution of several contested elections The Democratic Party failed to win one seat in twenty four states and only won one seat in six states Prominent Democrats in the house including Richard P Bland William S Holman William M Springer and William L Wilson were defeated in the election To date the 1894 election represents the largest seat swing in a single election in the history of the House of Representatives the only other occasion where a political party has suffered triple digit losses was in 1932 The main issues revolved around the severe economic depression which the Republicans blamed on the conservative Bourbon Democrats led by Cleveland Cleveland supporters lost heavily weakening their hold on the party and setting the stage for an 1896 takeover by the free silver wing of the party The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest but generally lost ground outside of the South The Democrats tried to raise a religious issue claiming the GOP was in cahoots with the anti Catholic American Protective Association the allegations seem to have fallen flat as Catholics swung towards the GOP Election summaries 93 10 254 Democratic Republican State Type Total seats Democratic Populist Republican Silver Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Alabama District 9 5 4 2 2 2 2 0 Arkansas District 6 6 0 0 0 California District 7 1 2 0 1 6 3 0 Colorado District 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 Connecticut District 4 0 3 0 4 3 0 Delaware At large 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 Florida District 2 2 0 0 0 Georgia District 11 11 0 0 0 Idaho At large 1 0 0 1 0 Illinois District 22 0 11 0 22 11 0 Indiana District 13 0 11 0 13 11 0 Iowa District 11 0 1 0 11 1 0 Kansas District at large 8 0 1 4 7 4 0 Kentucky District 11 5 5 0 6 5 0 Louisiana District 6 6 0 0 0 Maine District 4 0 0 4 0 Maryland District 6 3 3 0 3 3 0 Massachusetts District 13 1 3 0 12 3 0 Michigan District 12 0 5 0 12 5 0 Minnesota District 7 0 2 0 1 7 3 0 Mississippi District 7 7 0 0 0 Missouri District 15 4 9 0 11 9 0 Montana At large 1 0 0 1 0 Nebraska District 6 0 1 1 1 5 2 0 Nevada At large 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 New Hampshire District 2 0 0 2 0 New Jersey District 8 0 6 0 8 6 0 New York District 34 4 16 0 30 16 0 North Carolina District 9 2 6 4 4 3 2 0 North Dakota At large 1 0 0 1 0 Ohio District 21 2 9 0 19 9 0 Oregon District 2 0 0 2 0 Pennsylvania District 2 at large 30 2 8 0 28 8 0 Rhode Island District 2 0 2 0 2 2 0 South Carolina District 7 6 0 1 0 South Dakota At large 2 0 0 2 0 Tennessee District 10 6 2 0 4 2 0 Texas District 13 12 1 0 1 1 0 Vermont District 2 0 0 2 0 Virginia District 10 8 2 0 2 2 0 Washington At large 2 0 0 2 0 West Virginia District 4 0 4 0 4 4 0 Wisconsin District 10 0 6 0 10 6 0 Wyoming At large 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 Total 356 93 26 1 107 9 2 5 4 253 71 1 110 1 0 3 1 Popular vote Republican 48 27 Democratic 37 72 Populist 11 02 Silver 0 04 Independent 0 73 Others 2 22 House seats Republican 71 07 Democratic 26 12 Populist 2 53 Silver 0 28 House seats by party holding plurality in state 80 Democratic 80 Republican 60 to 80 Democratic 60 to 80 Republican Up to 60 Democratic Up to 60 Populist Up to 60 Republican Net gain in party representation 6 Democratic gain 6 Republican gain 3 to 5 Democratic gain 3 to 5 Republican gain 1 to 2 Democratic gain 1 to 2 Populist gain 1 to 2 Republican gain no net changeSpecial elections15 special elections took place in 1894 leading up to and following the general election They are listed below in order of election date then by state and district Republicans flipped 3 seats in the special elections in New York s 14th Kentucky s 9th and Maryland s 5th congressional districts District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Virginia 7 Charles T O Ferrall Democratic 1884 special Incumbent resigned December 28 1893 after being elected Governor of Virginia New member elected January 30 1894 Democratic hold Winner later re elected in November see below Y Smith S Turner Democratic 65 09 E D Root Republican 34 59 Basil Gordon unknown 0 32 New York 14 John R Fellows Democratic 1890 Incumbent resigned December 31 1893 to become District Attorney of New York City New member elected January 30 1894 Republican gain Winner later re elected in November see below Y Lemuel E Quigg Republican 49 62 William L Brown Democratic 46 14 Daniel De Leon Socialist Labor 2 46 George Munro Prohibition 0 90 George A Hunter Populist 0 88 Pennsylvania at large William Lilly Republican 1892 Incumbent died December 1 1893 New member elected February 26 1894 Republican hold Y Galusha A Grow Republican data missing South Carolina 1 William H Brawley Democratic 1890 Incumbent resigned February 12 1894 to become judge for the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina New member elected April 12 1894 Democratic hold Y James F Izlar Democratic data missing Maryland 1 Robert F Brattan Democratic 1892 Incumbent died May 10 1894 New member elected November 6 1894 Democratic hold Y W Laird Henry Democratic data missing Ohio 3 George W Houk Democratic 1890 Incumbent died February 9 1894 New member elected May 21 1894 Democratic hold Y Paul J Sorg Democratic data missing Wisconsin 7 George B Shaw Republican 1892 Incumbent died August 27 1894 New member elected November 6 1894 Republican hold Y Michael Griffin Republican 57 8 George W Levis Democratic 32 5 Clement H Van Worner Populist 5 3 Edward Berg Prohibition 4 1 William F Button Independent 0 4 Alabama 3 William C Oates Democratic 1880 Incumbent resigned November 5 1894 after being elected Governor of Alabama New member elected November 6 1894 Democratic hold Y George P Harrison Jr Democratic data missing Kentucky 9 Thomas H Paynter Democratic 1888 Incumbent resigned January 5 1895 having been elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals New member elected November 6 1894 and seated March 4 1895 Republican gain Y Samuel J Pugh Republican data missing Maryland 5 Barnes Compton Democratic 1884 1890 lost contest 1890 Incumbent resigned May 15 1894 to become a naval officer New member elected November 6 1894 Republican gain Y Charles E Coffin Republican data missing Arkansas 2 Clifton R Breckinridge Democratic 1882 Incumbent resigned August 14 1894 to become U S Minister to Russia New member elected December 3 1894 Democratic hold Y John S Little Democratic data missing Kentucky 10 Marcus C Lisle Democratic 1892 Incumbent died July 7 1894 New member elected December 3 1894 Democratic hold Y William M Beckner Democratic data missing Louisiana 4 Newton C Blanchard Democratic 1880 Incumbent resigned March 12 1894 to become a U S Senator New member elected December 3 1894 Democratic hold Y Henry W Ogden Democratic data missing Ohio 2 John A Caldwell Republican 1888 Incumbent resigned April 4 1894 to become Mayor of Cincinnati New member elected December 3 1894 Republican hold Y Jacob H Bromwell Republican data missing New York 15 Ashbel P Fitch Democratic 1886 Incumbent resigned December 26 1893 to become New York City Comptroller New member elected December 30 1894 Democratic hold Y Isidor Straus Democratic data missing Early election datesIn 1894 three states with 8 seats among them held elections early June 4 Oregon September 4 Vermont September 10 MaineAlabamaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 ArkansasThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 CaliforniaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates California 1 Thomas J Geary Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y John All Barham Republican 41 1 Thomas J Geary Democratic 37 0 Roger F Grigsby Populist 19 7 J R Gregory Prohibition California 2 Anthony Caminetti Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Grove L Johnson Republican 43 0 Anthony Caminetti Democratic 35 1 Burdelli Cornell Populist 20 0 Elam Briggs Prohibition 1 9 California 3 Warren B English Democratic 1892 contested Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Samuel G Hilborn Republican 45 5 Warren B English Democratic 37 8 W A Vann Populist 14 9 L B Scranton Prohibition 1 8 California 4 James G Maguire Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y James G Maguire Democratic 48 3 Thomas Bowles Shannon Republican 32 0 B K Collier Populist 18 4 Joseph Rowell Prohibition 1 3 California 5 Eugene F Loud Republican 1890 Incumbent re elected Y Eugene F Loud Republican 36 8 Joseph P Kelly Democratic 23 0 James T Rogers Populist 21 5 James Denman Prohibition 18 7 California 6 Marion Cannon Populist 1892 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y James McLachlan Republican 44 3 George S Patton Democratic 27 6 W C Bowman Populist 23 1 J E McComas Prohibition 5 0 California 7 William W Bowers Republican 1890 Incumbent re elected Y William W Bowers Republican 42 9 W H Alford Democratic 28 2 J L Gilbert Populist 25 0 W H Somers Prohibition 3 9 ColoradoThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 ConnecticutDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Connecticut 1 Lewis Sperry Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y E Stevens Henry Republican 55 37 Lewis Sperry Democratic 41 18 Frederick Platt Prohibition 1 62 James Goodacre Populist 1 25 Samuel W Taylor Socialist Labor 0 57 Connecticut 2 James P Pigott Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Nehemiah D Sperry Republican 54 94 James P Pigott Democratic 41 70 Henry C Baldwin Populist 1 32 Duane N Griffin Prohibition 1 15 Frederick Thornton Socialist Labor 0 90 Connecticut 3 Charles A Russell Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Charles A Russell Republican 55 56 Cyrus G Beckwith Democratic 41 56 Walter R Denison Prohibition 2 19 James C Vallette Populist 0 69 Connecticut 4 Robert E De Forest Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Ebenezer J Hill Republican 55 19 Robert E De Forest Democratic 42 66 William R Miles Prohibition 1 10 William Sardam Populist 0 65 Alexander McDonald Socialist Labor 0 40 DelawareDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Delaware at large John W Causey Democratic 1892 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Jonathan S Willis Republican 50 83 Samuel Bancroft Democratic 47 5 W W Bullock Prohibition 1 5 John P Donahue Ind Democratic 0 17 FloridaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Florida 1 Stephen R Mallory Democratic 1890 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Stephen M Sparkman Democratic 85 3 D L McKinnon Populist 14 7 Florida 2 Charles Merian Cooper Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Charles Merian Cooper Democratic 79 8 Montholom Atkinson Populist 20 2 GeorgiaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 IdahoDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Idaho at large Willis Sweet Republican 1890 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Edgar Wilson Republican 43 38 James Gunn Populist 31 53 James M Ballatine Democratic 24 37 William J Boone Prohibition 0 72 IllinoisThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 IndianaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 IowaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 KansasThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 KentuckyThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 LouisianaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 MaineDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Maine 1 Thomas B Reed Republican 1876 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas B Reed Republican 63 53 John Deering Democratic 33 10 Linus Seely Prohibition 2 20 James E Campion Populist 1 17 Maine 2 Nelson Dingley Jr Republican 1881 special Incumbent re elected Y Nelson Dingley Jr Republican 63 74 Daniel J McGillicuddy Democratic 28 38 Elbert Y Turner Populist 5 96 Edward W Ogier Prohibition 1 92 Maine 3 Seth L Milliken Republican 1882 Incumbent re elected Y Seth L Milliken Republican 64 78 Moses R Leighton Democratic 25 55 George C Sheldon Populist 7 62 William S Thompson Prohibition 2 05 Maine 4 Charles A Boutelle Republican 1882 Incumbent re elected Y Charles A Boutelle Republican 65 46 Al L Simpson Democratic 25 90 Oliver D Chapman Populist 4 98 Charles W Johnston Prohibition 3 66 MarylandThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 MassachusettsDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Massachusetts 1 Ashley B Wright Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Ashley B Wright Republican 55 2 Addison L Green Democratic 39 2 Augustus R Smith Prohibition 3 3 Jonathan Johnson Populist 2 3 Massachusetts 2 Frederick H Gillett Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Frederick H Gillett Republican 61 4 Edward A Hall Democratic 31 4 George M Stearns Populist 4 2 Hubbard Lawrence Unknown 3 0 Massachusetts 3 Joseph H Walker Republican 1888 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph H Walker Republican 59 4 Charles Haggerty Democratic 35 6 Henry S Brown Populist 2 55 George F Wright Prohibition 2 45 Massachusetts 4 Lewis D Apsley Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Lewis D Apsley Republican 64 9 John J Desmond Democratic 32 2 Bertram Sparhawk Populist 3 0 Massachusetts 5 Moses T Stevens Democratic 1890 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y William S Knox Republican 51 7 George W Fifield Democratic 44 4 Hiram W Eastman Populist 2 7 Warren F Taylor Prohibition 1 1 Massachusetts 6 William Cogswell Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y William Cogswell Republican 68 3 Henry B Little Democratic 24 2 Joseph K Harris Populist 7 5 Massachusetts 7 William Everett Democratic 1893 special Incumbent retired Republican gain Y William Emerson Barrett Republican 57 8 Samuel K Hamilton Democratic 33 7 Walter L Ramsdell Populist 4 6 George Buttrick Prohibition 2 9 George R Peare Socialist Labor 1 1 Massachusetts 8 Samuel W McCall Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Samuel W McCall Republican 57 8 Charles Arthur Conant Democratic 35 4 Linn B Porter Populist 3 1 Massachusetts 9 Joseph H O Neil Democratic 1888 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y John F Fitzgerald Democratic 53 3 Jesse M Gove Republican 44 4 Patrick F O Neil Socialist Labor 2 4 Massachusetts 10 Michael J McEttrick Citizens Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Republican gain Y Harrison H Atwood Republican 36 0 Michael J McEttrick Citizens Democratic 35 4 William S McNary Democratic 26 0 Frederick W Peabody Ind Republican 4 3 Michael D Fitzgerald Socialist Labor 1 2 Massachusetts 11 William F Draper Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y William F Draper Republican 62 0 Bentley W Warren Democratic 34 7 John F Dowd Populist 3 4 Massachusetts 12 Elijah A Morse Republican 1888 Incumbent re elected Y Elijah A Morse Republican 65 3 William H Jordan Democratic 26 2 Elbridge G Brown Populist 8 5 Massachusetts 13 Charles S Randall Republican 1888 Incumbent lost renomination Republican hold Y John Simpkins Republican 61 2 Robert Howard Democratic 38 8 MichiganThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 MinnesotaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Minnesota 1 James A Tawney Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y James A Tawney Republican 58 0 John Moonan Democratic 26 8 Thomas J Meighen Populist 12 0 Isaac H Orcutt Prohibition 3 2 Minnesota 2 James McCleary Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y James McCleary Republican 54 0 Lionel C Long Populist 24 2 James H Baker Democratic 18 4 Edward H Bronson Prohibition 3 5 Minnesota 3 Osee M Hall Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Joel Heatwole Republican 49 2 Osee M Hall Democratic 35 9 James M Bowler Populist 12 6 Lucian Chaney Prohibition 2 4 Minnesota 4 Andrew Kiefer Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Andrew Kiefer Republican 56 5 Edward Darragh Democratic 28 0 Francis H Clark Populist 13 9 David Morgan Prohibition 1 6 Minnesota 5 Loren Fletcher Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Loren Fletcher Republican 51 1 Oliver Erickson Democratic 28 7 Ernest F Clark Populist 17 6 Theodore Reimstad Prohibition 2 6 Minnesota 6 Melvin Baldwin Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Charles A Towne Republican 53 3 Melvin Baldwin Democratic 33 1 Kittel Halvorson Populist 13 6 Minnesota 7 Haldor Boen Populist 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Frank Eddy Republican 43 5 Haldor Boen Populist 41 6 Thomas McLean Democratic 8 3 Ole Kron Prohibition 6 5 MississippiDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Mississippi 1 John M Allen Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y John M Allen Democratic 79 03 J A Brown Populist 20 97 Mississippi 2 John C Kyle Democratic 1890 Incumbent re elected Y John C Kyle Democratic 75 30 R J Lyle Populist 20 90 W R Montgomery Republican 3 23 N W Brown Prohibition 0 57 Mississippi 3 Thomas C Catchings Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas C Catchings Democratic 87 06 Thomas Monuh Prohibition 10 63 G W Wise Populist 2 31 Mississippi 4 Hernando Money Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Hernando Money Democratic 57 88 J H Jamison Populist 41 65 Frank Sourer Prohibition 0 47 Mississippi 5 John S Williams Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y John S Williams Democratic 66 27 W P Ratliff Populist 33 73 Mississippi 6 T R Stockdale Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y Walter M Denny Democratic 64 64 A C Hathorn Populist 35 36 Mississippi 7 Charles E Hooker Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y James G Spencer Democratic 70 19 A M Newman Populist 26 44 T P Barr Prohibition 3 38 MissouriThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 MontanaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Montana at large Charles S Hartman Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Charles S Hartman Republican 46 97 Robert B Smith Populist 30 93 Hal S Corbett Democratic 21 05 Benjamin F Maiden Prohibition 1 05 NebraskaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Nebraska 1 William Jennings Bryan Democratic 1890 Incumbent retired to run for U S senator Republican gain Y Jesse B Strode Republican 44 90 Austin H Weir Democratic 39 79 Richard H Hawley Prohibition 3 37 Nebraska 2 David H Mercer Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y David H Mercer Republican 50 84 James E Boyd Democratic 32 06 D Clem Deaver Populist 15 56 George W Woodbey Prohibition 1 54 Nebraska 3 George de Rue Meiklejohn Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y George de Rue Meiklejohn Republican 44 51 John M Devine Populist 31 61 W A Hensley Democratic 21 59 J C Thomas Prohibition 2 29 Nebraska 4 Eugene J Hainer Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Eugene J Hainer Republican 50 37 William L Stark Populist 40 16 Shannon S Alley Democratic 7 14 C M Woodward Prohibition 2 34 Nebraska 5 William A McKeighan Populist 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y William E Andrews Republican 50 48 William A McKeighan Populist 47 52 O C Hubbell Prohibition 2 00 Nebraska 6 Omer M Kem Populist 1890 Incumbent re elected Y Omer M Kem Populist 52 31 Matt A Dougherty Republican 44 96 William Bone Prohibition 2 73 NevadaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Nevada at large Francis G Newlands Silver 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Francis G Newlands Silver 44 38 Horace F Bartine Republican 26 87 James C Doughty Populist 26 65 B F Riley Democratic 2 10 New HampshireThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 New JerseyThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 New MexicoThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 New YorkThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 North CarolinaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 North DakotaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates North Dakota at large Martin N Johnson Republican 1890 Incumbent re elected Y Martin N Johnson Republican 55 43 Walter Muir Farmers Alliance 40 16 Bud Reeve Ind Democratic 3 29 Lathrop S Ellis Prohibition 1 13 OhioDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Ohio 1 Bellamy Storer Republican 1890 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Charles Phelps Taft Republican 65 0 Hiram D Peck Democratic 35 0 Ohio 2 Jacob H Bromwell Republican 1894 s Incumbent re elected Y Jacob H Bromwell Republican 67 6 James B Matson Democratic 32 4 Ohio 3 Paul J Sorg Democratic 1894 s Incumbent re elected Y Paul J Sorg Democratic 50 2 Andrew L Harris Republican 49 8 Ohio 4 Fernando C Layton Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Fernando C Layton Democratic 52 5 William D Davies Republican 47 5 Ohio 5 Dennis D Donovan Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost renomination Republican gain Y Francis B De Witt Republican 52 6 John S Snook Democratic 47 4 Ohio 6 George W Hulick Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y George W Hulick Republican 61 9 Joseph L Stephens Democratic 38 1 Ohio 7 George W Wilson Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y George W Wilson Republican 60 6 Charles E Gain Democratic 39 4 Ohio 8 Luther M Strong Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Luther M Strong Republican 64 9 Elijah T Dunn Democratic 35 1 Ohio 9 Byron F Ritchie Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y James H Southard Republican 59 5 Byron F Ritchie Democratic 40 5 Ohio 10 Hezekiah S Bundy Republican 1893 s Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Lucien J Fenton Republican 67 6 John O Yates Democratic 32 4 Ohio 11 Charles H Grosvenor Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Charles H Grosvenor Republican 64 1 Eli R Lash Democratic 35 9 Ohio 12 Joseph H Outhwaite Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y David K Watson Republican 52 2 Joseph H Outhwaite Democratic 47 8 Ohio 13 Darius D Hare Democratic 1892 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Stephen Ross Harris Republican 50 9 Boston G Young Democratic 49 1 Ohio 14 Michael D Harter Democratic 1892 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Winfield S Kerr Republican 59 9 James C Laser Democratic 40 1 Ohio 15 H Clay Van Voorhis Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y H Clay Van Voorhis Republican 61 6 Charles Richardson Democratic 38 4 Ohio 16 Albert J Pearson Democratic 1892 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Lorenzo Danford Republican 62 9 Albert O Barnes Democratic 37 1 Ohio 17 James A D Richards Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Addison S McClure Republican 52 3 James A D Richards Democratic 47 7 Ohio 18 George P Ikirt Democratic 1892 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Robert W Tayler Republican 51 0 Edward S Raff Democratic 27 1 Jacob S Coxey Sr Populist 21 9 Ohio 19 Stephen A Northway Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Stephen A Northway Republican 75 7 Henry Apthorp Democratic 24 3 Ohio 20 William J White Republican 1892 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Clifton B Beach Republican 67 5 H B Harrington Democratic 32 5 Ohio 21 Tom L Johnson Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Theodore E Burton Republican 57 5 Tom L Johnson Democratic 42 5 OregonDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Oregon 1 Binger Hermann Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Binger Hermann Republican 47 62 Charles Miller Populist 26 99 J K Weatherford Democratic 23 08 John D Hurst Prohibition 2 31 Oregon 2 William R Ellis Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y William R Ellis Republican 47 89 Joseph Waldrop Populist 27 27 James H Raley Democratic 22 87 A F Miller Prohibition 1 97 PennsylvaniaThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 Rhode IslandThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 South CarolinaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates South Carolina 1 James F Izlar Democratic 1894 special Incumbent retired Democratic loss Y William Elliott Democratic 59 1 George W Murray Republican 40 9 George W Murray Redistricted from the 7th district Republican 1892 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Murray successfully challenged Elliott s election and was awarded the seat on June 4 1896 South Carolina 2 W Jasper Talbert Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y W Jasper Talbert Democratic 99 5 Others 0 5 South Carolina 3 Asbury Latimer Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Asbury Latimer Democratic 81 3 Robert Moorman Republican 13 9 Others 4 8 South Carolina 4 George W Shell Democratic 1890 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Stanyarne Wilson Democratic 75 1 Lawson D Melton Republican 24 7 Others 0 2 South Carolina 5 Thomas J Strait Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas J Strait Democratic 67 6 G G Alexander Republican 17 0 W R Davie Independent 12 8 Others 2 6 South Carolina 6 John L McLaurin Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y John L McLaurin Democratic 76 9 J P Wilson Republican 23 1 South Carolina 7 None New district New district Democratic gain The election was voided on June 1 1896 due to electoral fraud Y J William Stokes Democratic 73 0 T B Johnson Republican 26 3 Others 0 7 South DakotaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates South Dakota at large 2 seats John Pickler Republican 1889 Incumbent re elected Y Robert J Gamble Republican 26 44 Y John Pickler Republican 26 40 John E Kelley Independent 17 79 Freeman Knowles Independent 17 77 William A Lynch Democratic 5 27 Roger F Connor Democratic 5 23 Roger F Connor Prohibition 0 57 William V Lucas Republican 1892 Incumbent lost renomination Republican hold TennesseeDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Tennessee 1 Alfred A Taylor Republican 1888 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y William C Anderson Republican 61 66 Thad A Cox Democratic 29 23 R S Cheves Prohibition 9 11 Tennessee 2 John C Houk Republican 1891 special Incumbent lost re election as an Independent Republican Republican hold Y Henry R Gibson Republican 53 24 John C Houk Ind Republican 43 31 Jonathan M Meek Populist 2 10 W G Olinger Prohibition 1 36 Tennessee 3 Henry C Snodgrass Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Foster V Brown Republican 52 15 Henry C Snodgrass Democratic 42 74 Frank P Dickey Prohibition 5 11 Tennessee 4 Benton McMillin Democratic 1878 Incumbent re elected Y Benton McMillin Democratic 54 18 J A Denton Republican 45 83 Tennessee 5 James D Richardson Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y James D Richardson Democratic 53 70 W W Erwin Populist 44 80 R S Montgomery Republican 1 50 Tennessee 6 Joseph E Washington Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph E Washington Democratic 53 97 Tip Gamble Republican 23 05 T W Lewis Populist 22 98 Tennessee 7 Nicholas N Cox Democratic 1890 Incumbent re elected Y Nicholas N Cox Democratic 52 57 H F Farris Republican 36 78 J K Blackburn Populist 10 65 Tennessee 8 Benjamin A Enloe Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y John E McCall Republican 51 62 Benjamin A Enloe Democratic 48 38 Tennessee 9 James C McDearmon Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y James C McDearmon Democratic 57 12 Atwood Pierson Populist 42 88 Tennessee 10 Josiah Patterson Democratic 1890 Incumbent re elected Y Josiah Patterson Democratic 66 12 J W Brown Republican 19 43 R J Rawlings Populist 14 45 TexasDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Texas 1 Joseph C Hutcheson Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph C Hutcheson Democratic 55 01 J J Burroughs Populist 37 01 L E Dunns Republican 7 98 Texas 2 Samuel B Cooper Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Samuel B Cooper Democratic 59 27 B A Calhoun Populist 40 73 Texas 3 Constantine B Kilgore Democratic 1890 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y C H Yoakum Democratic 55 47 J M Perdue Populist 44 53 Texas 4 Benton McMillin Democratic 1874 Incumbent re elected Y David B Culberson Democratic 49 29 James H Davis Populist 45 35 H S Sanderson Republican 5 37 Texas 5 Joseph W Bailey Democratic 1890 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph W Bailey Democratic 56 71 N W Browder Populist 38 93 W S Farmer Republican 4 36 Texas 6 Jo Abbott Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Jo Abbott Democratic 49 23 Jerome Kearby Populist 48 38 B O James Republican 2 39 Texas 7 George C Pendleton Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y George C Pendleton Democratic 52 41 I N Barber Populist 47 59 Texas 8 Charles K Bell Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Charles K Bell Democratic 50 58 C H Jenkins Populist 49 42 Texas 9 Joseph D Sayers Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph D Sayers Democratic 52 67 W O Hutchison Populist 47 33 Texas 10 Walter Gresham Democratic 1892 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Miles Crowley Democratic 39 41 A J Rosenthal Republican 35 19 J C McBride Populist 25 40 Texas 11 William H Crain Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y William H Crain Democratic 52 73 V Weldon Republican 47 27 Texas 12 Thomas M Paschal Democratic 1892 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y George H Noonan Republican 43 41 A W Houston Democratic 40 09 A V Gates Populist 16 50 Texas 13 Jeremiah V Cockrell Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Jeremiah V Cockrell Democratic 39 82 D B Gilliland Populist 38 75 J M Dean Ind Democratic 16 81 R J Rawlings Republican 4 62 VermontDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Vermont 1 H Henry Powers Republican 1890 Incumbent re elected Y H Henry Powers Republican 75 4 Vernon A Bullard Democratic 24 5 Vermont 2 William W Grout Republican 1880 1882 lost 1884 Incumbent re elected Y William W Grout Republican 75 2 George S Fletcher Democratic 24 6 VirginiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Virginia 1 William A Jones Democratic 1890 Incumbent re elected Y William A Jones Democratic 60 1 J J McDonald Republican 36 0 C B Morton Populist 2 4 Francis A Bristow Prohibition 1 5 Virginia 2 David G Tyler Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y David G Tyler Democratic 56 3 Thomas R Borland Republican 40 3 T J Edwards Populist 3 4 Virginia 3 George D Wise Democratic 1880 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Tazewell Ellett Democratic 63 3 J W Southward Republican 25 1 James M Gregory Populist 9 6 Others G M Smithdeal Prohibition 1 2 Martin M Lipscomb Independent 0 7 Virginia 4 James F Epes Democratic 1890 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y William R McKenney Democratic 48 1 Robert Taylor Thorp Republican 43 3 J Haskins Hobson Populist 6 1 Others B R Horner Prohibition 1 6 Lee Thorton Independent 1 0 Election successfully challenged Republican gain Y Robert Taylor Thorp Republican Virginia 5 Claude A Swanson Democratic 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Claude A Swanson Democratic 52 3 G W Cornett Republican 41 0 G W Hale Populist 5 5 W T Shelton Prohibition 1 2 Virginia 6 Paul C Edmunds Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Peter J Otey Democratic 47 1 J Hampton Hoge Republican 36 8 O C Rucker Populist 15 8 Frank Smith Independent 0 2 Virginia 7 Smith S Turner Democratic 1894 special Incumbent re elected Y Smith S Turner Democratic 52 1 Robert J Walker Republican 44 8 Others Jacob S Hopkins Prohibition 1 9 G T Barbee Populist 1 2 Virginia 8 Elisha E Meredith Democratic 1891 special Incumbent re elected Y Elisha E Meredith Democratic 54 3 P H McCaul Republican 42 5 J S Mason Populist 3 2 Virginia 9 James W Marshall Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost renomination Republican gain Y James A Walker Republican 51 2 H S Morison Democratic 47 8 H B Howe Populist 1 0 Virginia 10 Henry St George Tucker Democratic 1888 Incumbent re elected Y Henry St George Tucker Democratic 50 4 Jacob Yost Republican 46 7 Others Edmund Randolph Cocke Populist 1 6 C H Grove Prohibition 1 1 James S Cowden Independent 0 2 WashingtonThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2020 West VirginiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates West Virginia 1 John O Pendleton Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost renomination Republican gain Y Blackburn B Dovener Republican 53 40 John A Howard Democratic 42 52 John E Stealey Populist 2 15 J Howard Holt Prohibition 1 93 West Virginia 2 William Lyne Wilson Democratic 1882 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Alston G Dayton Republican 51 83 William Lyne Wilson Democratic 47 30 John T Jarmey Populist 0 74 Ulysses A Clayton Prohibition 0 12 West Virginia 3 John D Alderson Democratic 1888 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y James H Huling Republican 53 51 John D Alderson Democratic 44 57 Samuel A Houston Populist 1 85 A D McBrowning Prohibition 0 08 West Virginia 4 James Capehart Democratic 1890 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Warren Miller Republican 52 00 Thomas H Harvey Democratic 44 38 Sampson H Piersol Populist 3 55 W H Shaw Prohibition 0 08 WisconsinWisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day November 6 1894 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Wisconsin 1 Henry Allen Cooper Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Henry Allen Cooper Republican 56 7 Andrew Kull Democratic 31 8 Hamilton Utley Populist 7 3 Alex S Kaye Prohibition 7 3 Wisconsin 2 Charles Barwig Democratic 1888 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Edward Sauerhering Republican 47 9 Charles Barwig Democratic 47 2 J J Sutton Prohibition 3 8 B W Hewitt Populist 1 2 Wisconsin 3 Joseph W Babcock Republican 1892 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph W Babcock Republican 58 2 Cyrus M Butt Democratic 38 2 John C Martin Prohibition 3 6 Wisconsin 4 Peter J Somers Democratic 1893 Incumbent declined re nomination Republican gain Y Theobald Otjen Republican 47 9 David Stuart Rose Democratic 33 0 Henry Smith Populist 19 2 Wisconsin 5 George H Brickner Democratic 1888 Incumbent declined re nomination Republican gain Y Samuel S Barney Republican 52 6 Henry Blank Democratic 36 7 Fred C Runge Populist 10 7 Wisconsin 6 Owen A Wells Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Samuel A Cook Republican 55 8 Owen A Wells Democratic 38 3 Riley S Bishop Populist 3 4 Byron E Van Keuren Prohibition 2 5 Wisconsin 7 George B Shaw Republican 1892 Incumbent died August 27 1894 Republican hold Y Michael Griffin Republican 57 4 George W Levis Democratic 32 8 Clement H Van Worner Populist 5 3 Edward Berg Prohibition 4 1 William F Button Independent 0 4 Wisconsin 8 Lyman E Barnes Democratic 1892 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Edward S Minor Republican 54 2 Lyman E Barnes Democratic 42 3 John Faville Prohibition 2 6 Andrew J Larabee Populist 0 9 Wisconsin 9 Thomas Lynch Democratic 1890 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Alexander Stewart Republican 56 0 Thomas Lynch Democratic 36 7 John F Miles Populist 5 4 John J Sherman Prohibition 1 9 Wisconsin 10 Nils P Haugen Republican 1892 Incumbent declined re nomination Republican hold