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The 1888 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 6, 1888, with three states holding theirs early between June and September. They occurred at the same time as the election of President Benjamin Harrison. Elections were initially held for 325 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 38 states, to serve in the 51st United States Congress. Six new states would later join the union and increase the House to 332 seats. Special elections were also held throughout the year.
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All 332 seats in the United States House of Representatives 167 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Map of U.S. House elections results from 1888 elections for 51st Congress on election day (a number of Southern seats were later successfully contested and the results overturned) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Harrison's Republican Party gained a majority in the House at the expense of the Democratic Party, even though incumbent President Grover Cleveland actually received more votes counted than Harrison. However, as in other elections in the period, widespread vote suppression and electoral fraud was common on behalf of Democrats and against black Republicans in the Southern United States. The Republican House majority in uncontested elections unseated a number of initially reported as victorious Democratic candidates in favor of Republican candidates who contested their election loss.
The issue of tariffs played a key role in this election. The Democrats, with the support of farmers and laborers, wanted to lower tariffs in order to promote free trade, while the Republicans, backed by industry and big business, believed that higher tariffs were necessary to protect American manufacturing. Especially in industrializing regions, voters chose the Republican view on tariffs, as they gave the party a slim majority in the House.
Hamilton D. Coleman’s win in the Second District would prove the last time until 1972 that a Republican won any House seat in Louisiana, for the disenfrachisement of almost all blacks in the 1890s would leave that state completely devoid of Republican support until after the Dixiecrat bolt.
Election summaries
Seven seats were added, for the six new states of, in order of admission (number of House seats for each new state listed in parentheses): North Dakota (1), South Dakota (2), Montana (1), Washington (1), Idaho (1), and Wyoming (1).
179 | 1 | 152 |
Republican | Democratic |
State | Type | Total seats | Republican | Democratic | Others | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 8 | 1 | ![]() | 7 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Arkansas | District | 5 | 1 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() |
California | District | 6 | 4 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Colorado | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Connecticut | District | 4 | 3 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Florida | District | 2 | 0 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Georgia | District | 10 | 0 | ![]() | 10 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Illinois | District | 20 | 13 | ![]() | 7 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Indiana | District | 13 | 3 | ![]() | 10 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Iowa | District | 11 | 10 | ![]() | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Kansas | District | 7 | 7 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Kentucky | District | 11 | 2 | ![]() | 9 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Louisiana | District | 6 | 1 | ![]() | 5 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Maine | District | 4 | 4 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Maryland | District | 6 | 3 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Massachusetts | District | 12 | 10 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Michigan | District | 11 | 9 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Minnesota | District | 5 | 5 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Mississippi | District | 7 | 0 | ![]() | 7 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Missouri | District | 14 | 4 | ![]() | 10 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Nebraska | District | 3 | 3 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
New Hampshire | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
New Jersey | District | 7 | 4 | ![]() | 3 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
New York | District | 34 | 19 | ![]() | 15 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
North Carolina | District | 9 | 3 | ![]() | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Ohio | District | 21 | 16 | ![]() | 5 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Oregon | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Pennsylvania | District | 28 | 21 | ![]() | 7 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
South Carolina | District | 7 | 1 | ![]() | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Tennessee | District | 10 | 3 | ![]() | 7 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Texas | District | 11 | 0 | ![]() | 11 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Vermont | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Virginia | District | 10 | 4 | ![]() | 6 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
West Virginia | District | 4 | 2 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Wisconsin | District | 9 | 7 | ![]() | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
1889 elections (New States) | ||||||||
Montana | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
North Dakota | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 2 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Washington | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
1890 elections (New States) | ||||||||
Idaho | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() | 0 | ![]() |
Total | 332 | 179 53.9% | ![]() | 152 45.8% | ![]() | 1 0.3% | ![]() |
The previous election had 4 third-party candidates, 2 Labor, 1 Greenback, and 1 Independent.
Election dates
All states elected their members November 6, 1888 except, three states, with 7 seats among them:
Alabama
Arizona Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Arkansas
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas 1 | Poindexter Dunn | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Arkansas 2 | Clifton R. Breckinridge | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 3 | Thomas C. McRae | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 4 | John H. Rogers | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Arkansas 5 | Samuel W. Peel | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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In the 1st district, initial returns showed William H. Cate (Democratic) winning the election, but the election was contested by Lewis P. Featherstone (Labor), and on May 5, 1890, he was declared the winner.
In the 2nd district, Clifton R. Breckinridge (Democratic) was initially declared re-elected. John M. Clayton successfully contested the election, but was assassinated before the contest was complete, so the House declared the seat vacant. Breckinridge was subsequently re-elected November 4, 1890 to finish the term.
California
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | Thomas Larkin Thompson | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
California 2 | Marion Biggs | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 3 | Joseph McKenna | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 4 | William W. Morrow | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 5 | Charles N. Felton | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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California 6 | William Vandever | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold |
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Colorado
Connecticut
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut 1 | Robert J. Vance | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Connecticut 2 | Carlos French | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Connecticut 3 | Charles A. Russell | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Connecticut 4 | Miles T. Granger | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Delaware
Florida
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | Robert H. M. Davidson | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Florida 2 | Charles Dougherty | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold |
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Idaho Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | Thomas B. Reed | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 2 | Nelson Dingley Jr. | Republican | 1881 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 3 | Seth L. Milliken | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 4 | Charles A. Boutelle | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland
Massachusetts
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Robert T. Davis | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Massachusetts 2 | John Davis Long | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Massachusetts 3 | Leopold Morse | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Patrick Collins | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 5 | Edward D. Hayden | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Massachusetts 6 | Henry Cabot Lodge | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 7 | William Cogswell | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 8 | Charles Herbert Allen | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent not re-nominated. Republican hold. |
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Massachusetts 9 | Edward Burnett | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 10 | John E. Russell | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 11 | William Whiting II | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 12 | Francis W. Rockwell | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Michigan
Minnesota
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Minnesota 1 | Thomas Wilson | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
Minnesota 2 | John Lind | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Minnesota 3 | John L. MacDonald | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Minnesota 4 | Edmund Rice | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
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Minnesota 5 | Knute Nelson | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Mississippi
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | John M. Allen | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 2 | James B. Morgan | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 3 | Thomas C. Catchings | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 4 | Frederick G. Barry | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 5 | Chapman L. Anderson | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 6 | T. R. Stockdale | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 7 | Charles E. Hooker | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Missouri
Nebraska
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska 1 | John A. McShane | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. Republican gain. |
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Nebraska 2 | James Laird | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 3 | George W. E. Dorsey | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nevada
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nevada at-large | William Woodburn | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
|
New Hampshire
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Hampshire 1 | |||||
New Hampshire 2 |
New Jersey
Montana Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
New Mexico Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Ohio 1 | Benjamin Butterworth | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 2 | Charles Elwood Brown | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 3 | Elihu S. Williams | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 4 | Samuel S. Yoder | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 5 | George E. Seney | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 6 | Melvin M. Boothman | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 7 | James E. Campbell | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 8 | Robert P. Kennedy | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 9 | William C. Cooper | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 10 | Jacob Romeis | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Ohio 11 | Albert C. Thompson | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 12 | Jacob J. Pugsley | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 13 | Joseph H. Outhwaite | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 14 | Charles P. Wickham | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 15 | Charles H. Grosvenor | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 16 | Beriah Wilkins | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
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Ohio 17 | Joseph D. Taylor | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 18 | William McKinley | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 19 | Ezra B. Taylor | Republican | 1880 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 20 | George W. Crouse | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 21 | Martin A. Foran | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
|
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | Samuel Dibble | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 2 | George D. Tillman | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 3 | James S. Cothran | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 4 | William H. Perry | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 5 | John J. Hemphill | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 6 | George W. Dargan | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 7 | William Elliott | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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In the 7th district, Elliott was initially declared re-elected, but Miller successfully challenged the election and was seated in his place in September 1890.
Tennessee
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Roderick R. Butler | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Tennessee 2 | Leonidas C. Houk | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 3 | John R. Neal | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
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Tennessee 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 5 | James D. Richardson | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 6 | Joseph E. Washington | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 7 | Washington C. Whitthorne | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 8 | Benjamin A. Enloe | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 9 | Presley T. Glass | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
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Tennessee 10 | James Phelan Jr. | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas
Utah Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Vermont
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Vermont 1 | John W. Stewart | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont 2 | William W. Grout | Republican | 1880 1882 (lost) 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 1 | Thomas H. B. Browne | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 2 | George E. Bowden | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 3 | George D. Wise | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 4 | William E. Gaines | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
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Virginia 5 | John Robert Brown | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Virginia 6 | Samuel I. Hopkins | Labor | 1886 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
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Virginia 7 | Charles T. O'Ferrall | Democratic | 1882 (contest) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 8 | W. H. F. Lee | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Virginia 9 | Henry Bowen | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
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Virginia 10 | Jacob Yost | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
Washington Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
West Virginia
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | Nathan Goff Jr. | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
Others
|
Election successfully contested. New member seated February 26, 1890. Republican hold. |
| ||||
West Virginia 2 | William L. Wilson | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
|
West Virginia 3 | Charles P. Snyder | Democratic | 1883 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
West Virginia 4 | Charles E. Hogg | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
Others
|
Election successfully contested. New member seated February 3, 1890. Republican gain. |
Wisconsin
Wisconsin elected nine members of congress on Election Day, November 6, 1888.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | Lucien B. Caswell | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 2 | Richard W. Guenther | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. Democratic gain. |
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Wisconsin 3 | Robert M. La Follette | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 4 | Henry Smith | Union Labor | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
Others
|
Wisconsin 5 | Thomas R. Hudd | Democratic | 1886 (special) | Incumbent lost re-nomination. Democratic hold. |
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Wisconsin 6 | Charles B. Clark | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 7 | Ormsby B. Thomas | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 8 | Nils P. Haugen | Republican | 1887 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 9 | Isaac Stephenson | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. Republican hold. |
Others
|
Wyoming Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Non-voting delegates
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arizona Territory at-large | |||||
Idaho Territory at-large | Fred Dubois | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Montana Territory at-large | Joseph K. Toole | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
|
New Mexico Territory at-large | |||||
Utah Territory at-large | |||||
Washington Territory at-large | |||||
Wyoming Territory at-large | Joseph M. Carey | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
See also
- 1888 United States elections
- 1888 United States presidential election
- 1888–89 United States Senate elections
- 50th United States Congress
- 51st United States Congress
Notes
- Regulars only, not including Specials.
- Includes the late elections of six new states that joined the union in 1889 and 1890.
- There are significant discrepancies between the party counts provided by Martis (pp. 142–43) and Dubin (p. 285) in regards to the 51st Congress, mainly due to the fact that Martis counts the results of many later contested elections (which were generally decided in favor of the challenging Republican candidate, resulting in the unseating of a number of Democratic members). Dubin records 169 Republicans and 161 Democrats on the first day of the 1st session of the 51st Congress; Dubin reports 177 Republicans, 154 Democrats, and one Labor Party member at the start of the 2nd session of the 51st Congress, figures that nearly match Martis' numbers.
- Including 2 Independent Republicans, John Alexander Anderson elected to Kansas's 5th congressional district, and Albert R. Anderson to Iowa's 8th congressional district.
- There was 1 labor member.
- After a contested election, Lewis P. Featherstone of the Labor Party was declared the winner in Arkansas's 1st congressional district.
- Greenback Party
- Elections held early.
- Independent
- At-large seat eliminated in redistricting.
- Labor Party
References
- Martis, pp. 142–143.
- "Parish Follows Trend: Local Voters Support Nixon, Treen, Johnston". The St. Charles Herald. Hahnville, Louisiana. November 9, 1972. p. 1.
- Phillips, Kevin P. The Emerging Republican Majority. pp. 208, 210. ISBN 9780691163246.
- "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
- Dubin 1998, p. 279.
- Dubin 1998.
- University of Minnesota Libraries. "Minnesota Historical Election Archive". Minnesota Historical Election Archive. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
- "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- "MS - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 6, 1888". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- "Our Campaigns - NE - District 02 Race - Nov 6, 1888". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- "Our Campaigns - NE - District 03 Race - Nov 6, 1888". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- Dubin 1998, p. 282.
- Smith, Joseph P, ed. (1898). History of the Republican Party in Ohio. Vol. I. Chicago: the Lewis Publishing Company. pp. 567, 568.
- "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- "VT Elections Database » Vermont Election Results and Statistics". VT Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
- "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
- "WV District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
- "WV District 01 Recount". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
- "WV District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
- "WV District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
- "WV District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
- "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2021 – via Wayback Machine.
- Timme, Ernst G., ed. (1889). "Biographical" (PDF). The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 487–489. Retrieved November 21, 2021.
- "ID Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- "Our Campaigns - MT Territorial Delegate - Final Election Race - Nov 06, 1888".
- "WY Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
Bibliography
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources 1888 United States House of Representatives elections news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2009 Learn how and when to remove this message The 1888 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 6 1888 with three states holding theirs early between June and September They occurred at the same time as the election of President Benjamin Harrison Elections were initially held for 325 seats of the United States House of Representatives representing 38 states to serve in the 51st United States Congress Six new states would later join the union and increase the House to 332 seats Special elections were also held throughout the year 1888 United States House of Representatives elections 1886 June 6 September 4 September 10 and November 6 1888 1890 All 332 seats in the United States House of Representatives 167 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Leader Thomas Brackett Reed John G Carlisle Party Republican Democratic Leader s seat Maine 1st Kentucky 6th Last election 152 seats 167 seats Seats won 179 152 Seat change 27 15 Popular vote 5 408 259 5 558 964 Percentage 47 36 48 68 Swing 2 37pp 0 56pp Third party Fourth party Party Labor Independent Last election 2 seats 2 seats Seats won 1 0 Seat change 1 2 Popular vote 161 225 61 520 Percentage 1 41 0 54 Swing 0 33pp 1 54ppMap of U S House elections results from 1888 elections for 51st Congress on election day a number of Southern seats were later successfully contested and the results overturned Speaker before election John Carlisle Democratic Elected Speaker Thomas Reed Republican Harrison s Republican Party gained a majority in the House at the expense of the Democratic Party even though incumbent President Grover Cleveland actually received more votes counted than Harrison However as in other elections in the period widespread vote suppression and electoral fraud was common on behalf of Democrats and against black Republicans in the Southern United States The Republican House majority in uncontested elections unseated a number of initially reported as victorious Democratic candidates in favor of Republican candidates who contested their election loss The issue of tariffs played a key role in this election The Democrats with the support of farmers and laborers wanted to lower tariffs in order to promote free trade while the Republicans backed by industry and big business believed that higher tariffs were necessary to protect American manufacturing Especially in industrializing regions voters chose the Republican view on tariffs as they gave the party a slim majority in the House Hamilton D Coleman s win in the Second District would prove the last time until 1972 that a Republican won any House seat in Louisiana for the disenfrachisement of almost all blacks in the 1890s would leave that state completely devoid of Republican support until after the Dixiecrat bolt Election summariesSeven seats were added for the six new states of in order of admission number of House seats for each new state listed in parentheses North Dakota 1 South Dakota 2 Montana 1 Washington 1 Idaho 1 and Wyoming 1 179 1 152 Republican Democratic State Type Total seats Republican Democratic Others Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Alabama District 8 1 1 7 1 0 Arkansas District 5 1 3 1 1 California District 6 4 2 0 Colorado At large 1 1 0 0 Connecticut District 4 3 1 1 1 0 Delaware At large 1 0 1 0 Florida District 2 0 2 0 Georgia District 10 0 10 0 Illinois District 20 13 1 7 1 0 Indiana District 13 3 4 10 4 0 Iowa District 11 10 1 1 0 1 Kansas District 7 7 0 0 Kentucky District 11 2 1 9 1 0 Louisiana District 6 1 1 5 1 0 Maine District 4 4 0 0 Maryland District 6 3 2 3 2 0 Massachusetts District 12 10 2 2 2 0 Michigan District 11 9 3 2 3 0 Minnesota District 5 5 3 0 3 0 Mississippi District 7 0 7 0 Missouri District 14 4 2 10 2 0 Nebraska District 3 3 1 0 1 0 Nevada At large 1 1 0 0 New Hampshire District 2 2 1 0 1 0 New Jersey District 7 4 1 3 1 0 New York District 34 19 1 15 1 0 North Carolina District 9 3 2 6 2 0 1 Ohio District 21 16 1 5 1 0 Oregon At large 1 1 0 0 Pennsylvania District 28 21 1 7 1 0 Rhode Island District 2 2 0 0 South Carolina District 7 1 1 6 1 0 Tennessee District 10 3 1 7 1 0 Texas District 11 0 11 0 Vermont District 2 2 0 0 Virginia District 10 4 2 6 3 0 1 West Virginia District 4 2 1 2 1 0 Wisconsin District 9 7 2 1 0 1 1889 elections New States Montana At large 1 1 1 0 0 North Dakota At large 1 1 1 0 0 South Dakota At large 2 2 2 0 0 Washington At large 1 1 1 0 0 1890 elections New States Idaho At large 1 1 1 0 0 Wyoming At large 1 1 1 0 0 Total 332 179 53 9 17 152 45 8 6 1 0 3 5 Popular vote Democratic 48 68 Independent 0 54 Labor 1 41 Republican 47 36 Others 2 01 House seats Democratic 45 78 Labor 0 30 Republican 53 92 The previous election had 4 third party candidates 2 Labor 1 Greenback and 1 Independent Election datesAll states elected their members November 6 1888 except three states with 7 seats among them June 6 Oregon September 4 Vermont September 10 MaineAlabamaArizona TerritorySee Non voting delegates below ArkansasDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Arkansas 1 Poindexter Dunn Democratic 1878 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y William H Cate Democratic 51 9 Lewis P Featherstone Labor 47 4 Others 0 6 Arkansas 2 Clifton R Breckinridge Democratic 1882 Incumbent re elected Y Clifton R Breckinridge Democratic 51 2 John M Clayton Republican 48 8 Arkansas 3 Thomas C McRae Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas C McRae Democratic 59 7 John Ansley Labor 40 3 Arkansas 4 John H Rogers Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y John H Rogers Democratic 57 8 Isaac McCacken Independent 42 2 Arkansas 5 Samuel W Peel Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Samuel W Peel Democratic 68 9 Edward P Watson Independent 22 0 John Gates Republican 9 1 In the 1st district initial returns showed William H Cate Democratic winning the election but the election was contested by Lewis P Featherstone Labor and on May 5 1890 he was declared the winner In the 2nd district Clifton R Breckinridge Democratic was initially declared re elected John M Clayton successfully contested the election but was assassinated before the contest was complete so the House declared the seat vacant Breckinridge was subsequently re elected November 4 1890 to finish the term CaliforniaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates California 1 Thomas Larkin Thompson Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y John J De Haven Republican 49 9 Thomas L Thompson Democratic 49 W D Reynolds Independent 1 1 California 2 Marion Biggs Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Marion Biggs Democratic 50 6 John A Eagon Republican 46 6 S M McLean Prohibition 2 4 J F McSwain Independent 0 4 California 3 Joseph McKenna Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph McKenna Republican 56 0 Ben Morgan Democratic 41 2 W W Smith Prohibition 1 9 S Solon Holl Independent 1 0 California 4 William W Morrow Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y William W Morrow Republican 50 8 Robert Ferral Democratic 48 6 Frank M Pixley Socialist 0 6 California 5 Charles N Felton Republican 1884 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y Thomas J Clunie Democratic 49 3 Timothy G Phelps Republican 49 2 Henry French Independent California 6 William Vandever Republican 1886 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y William Vandever Republican 52 5 Reel B Terry Democratic 43 7 J G Miller Prohibition 3 5 Alfred Daggett Know Nothing 0 2 ColoradoConnecticutDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Connecticut 1 Robert J Vance Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y William E Simonds Republican 49 7 Robert J Vance Democratic 47 5 Frederick G Platt Prohibition 2 7 Horace S Frye Labor 0 1 Connecticut 2 Carlos French Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Washington F Willcox Democratic 49 6 H Wales Lines Republican 48 1 Edwin P Augur Prohibition 2 3 FNU Ventres Labor 0 0 Connecticut 3 Charles A Russell Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Charles A Russell Republican 49 8 Stephen H Hall Democratic 46 6 John A Rockwell Prohibition 3 6 Connecticut 4 Miles T Granger Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Frederick Miles Republican Morris W Seymour Democratic Elisha Z Ellis Prohibition DelawareFloridaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Florida 1 Robert H M Davidson Democratic 1876 Incumbent re elected Y Robert H M Davidson Democratic 67 1 H R Benjamin Republican 32 9 Florida 2 Charles Dougherty Democratic 1884 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Robert Bullock Democratic 53 5 Frederick S Goodrich Republican 46 5 Idaho TerritorySee Non voting delegates below IllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Maine 1 Thomas B Reed Republican 1876 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas B Reed Republican 52 30 William Emery Democratic 45 33 Timothy B Hussey Prohibition 2 37 Maine 2 Nelson Dingley Jr Republican 1881 special Incumbent re elected Y Nelson Dingley Jr Republican 55 17 Charles E Allen Democratic 40 87 Ebenezer A Howard Union Labor 2 05 William T Eustis Prohibition 1 91 Maine 3 Seth L Milliken Republican 1882 Incumbent re elected Y Seth L Milliken Republican 57 95 Simon S Brown Democratic 39 54 Binsley S Kelley Prohibition 1 51 Frank A Howard Union Labor 0 99 Maine 4 Charles A Boutelle Republican 1882 Incumbent re elected Y Charles A Boutelle Republican 54 64 Thomas S Stewart Democratic 42 67 John Barker Prohibition 2 68 MarylandMassachusettsDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Massachusetts 1 Robert T Davis Republican 1882 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Charles S Randall Republican 60 86 John W Cummings Democratic 21 29 George Delano Prohibition 14 47 William Miller Labor 3 38 Massachusetts 2 John Davis Long Republican 1882 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Elijah A Morse Republican 54 75 Josiah Quincy VI Democratic 42 94 William H Phillips Prohibition 3 31 Massachusetts 3 Leopold Morse Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y John F Andrew Democratic 52 03 Alanson W Beard Republican 47 07 Henry H Shugg Prohibition 0 89 Massachusetts 4 Patrick Collins Democratic 1882 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Joseph Henry O Neil Democratic 68 11 Peter Morrison Republican 31 02 Frederic G Whitcomb Prohibition 0 86 Massachusetts 5 Edward D Hayden Republican 1886 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Nathaniel P Banks Republican 51 80 Thomas Wentworth Higginson Republican 46 72 Edward Kendall Prohibition 1 47 Massachusetts 6 Henry Cabot Lodge Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Henry Cabot Lodge Republican 56 34 Roland G Usher Democratic 41 12 George A Crossman Prohibition 2 54 Massachusetts 7 William Cogswell Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y William Cogswell Republican 57 07 Samuel Roads Jr Democratic 41 09 James J Gregory Prohibition 1 84 Massachusetts 8 Charles Herbert Allen Republican 1886 Incumbent not re nominated Republican hold Y Frederic T Greenhalge Republican 55 27 John J Donovan Democratic 42 99 Nathaniel A Glidden Prohibition 1 74 Massachusetts 9 Edward Burnett Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y John W Candler Republican 52 19 Edward Burnett Democratic 45 43 John C Park Prohibition 2 39 Massachusetts 10 John E Russell Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Joseph H Walker Republican 52 01 Irving B Sayles Democratic 44 88 Charles G Allen Prohibition 3 11 Massachusetts 11 William Whiting II Republican 1882 Incumbent re elected Y William Whiting II Republican 56 36 William Skinner Democratic 39 75 Hervey S Cowell Prohibition 3 89 Massachusetts 12 Francis W Rockwell Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Francis W Rockwell Republican 52 13 Henry W Ely Democratic 45 02 Henry Cutler Prohibition 2 85 MichiganMinnesotaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Minnesota 1 Thomas Wilson Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Mark H Dunnell Republican 50 4 Thomas Wilson Democratic 45 4 Robert Taylor Prohibition 4 2 Minnesota 2 John Lind Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y John Lind Republican 57 0 Morton S Wilkinson Democratic 36 5 David W Edwards Prohibition 6 5 Minnesota 3 John L MacDonald Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Darwin Hall Republican 51 3 John L MacDonald Democratic 43 7 Christopher A Fosness Prohibition 4 9 Minnesota 4 Edmund Rice Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Samuel Snider Republican 53 8 Edmund Rice Democratic 41 7 James P Pinkham Prohibition 4 5 Minnesota 5 Knute Nelson Republican 1882 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Solomon Comstock Republican 52 7 Charles Canning Democratic 40 1 Zar Scott Prohibition 7 2 MississippiDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Mississippi 1 John M Allen Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y John M Allen Democratic 86 76 Joseph M Bynum Republican 13 24 Mississippi 2 James B Morgan Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y James B Morgan Democratic 70 61 James R Chalmers Republican 29 39 Mississippi 3 Thomas C Catchings Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas C Catchings Democratic 71 12 James Hill Republican 28 23 James Witherspoon Independent 0 66 Mississippi 4 Frederick G Barry Democratic 1884 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y Clarke Lewis Democratic 84 29 Matthew K Mister Republican 15 71 Mississippi 5 Chapman L Anderson Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Chapman L Anderson Democratic 80 29 F M Cook Republican 19 72 Mississippi 6 T R Stockdale Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y T R Stockdale Democratic 70 33 Leon C Duchesne Republican 29 67 Mississippi 7 Charles E Hooker Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Charles E Hooker Democratic 75 50 Henry Kernaghan Republican 24 50 MissouriNebraskaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Nebraska 1 John A McShane Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired to run for U S senator Republican gain Y William J Connell Republican 49 85 Julius S Morton Democratic 44 69 Edwin B Graham Prohibition 4 48 J W Edgerton Labor 0 98 Nebraska 2 James Laird Republican 1882 Incumbent re elected Y James Laird Republican 53 38 W G Hastings Democratic 36 55 George Scott Prohibition 7 12 R H Rohr Labor 2 96 Nebraska 3 George W E Dorsey Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y George W E Dorsey Republican 54 16 E P Weatherby Democratic 39 95 A M Walling Prohibition 3 85 I O Jones Labor 1 91 Scattering 0 13 NevadaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Nevada at large William Woodburn Republican 1884 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Horace F Bartine Republican 54 92 George W Cassidy Democratic 45 09 New HampshireDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates New Hampshire 1 New Hampshire 2New JerseyMontana TerritorySee Non voting delegates below New Mexico TerritorySee Non voting delegates below New YorkNorth CarolinaOhioDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Ohio 1 Benjamin Butterworth Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Benjamin Butterworth Republican 52 6 Otway Cosgrove Democratic 47 4 Ohio 2 Charles Elwood Brown Republican 1884 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y John A Caldwell Republican 51 9 Clinton W Gerard Democratic 48 1 Ohio 3 Elihu S Williams Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Elihu S Williams Republican 50 5 George W Houk Democratic 49 5 Ohio 4 Samuel S Yoder Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Samuel S Yoder Democratic 60 6 Robert L Mattingly Republican 39 4 Ohio 5 George E Seney Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y George E Seney Democratic 57 9 Wilson Vance Republican 42 1 Ohio 6 Melvin M Boothman Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Melvin M Boothman Republican 50 1 Gaylord M Saltzgaber Democratic 49 9 Ohio 7 James E Campbell Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Henry Lee Morey Republican 51 2 John M Pattison Democratic 48 8 Ohio 8 Robert P Kennedy Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Robert P Kennedy Republican 54 2 Andrew R Bohn Democratic 45 8 Ohio 9 William C Cooper Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y William C Cooper Republican 53 0 John S Braddock Republican 47 0 Ohio 10 Jacob Romeis Republican 1884 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y William E Haynes Democratic 51 5 Jacob Romeis Republican 48 5 Ohio 11 Albert C Thompson Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Albert C Thompson Republican 56 8 Joseph W Shinn Democratic 43 2 Ohio 12 Jacob J Pugsley Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Jacob J Pugsley Republican 50 9 Lawrence T Neal Democratic 49 1 Ohio 13 Joseph H Outhwaite Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph H Outhwaite Democratic 52 7 John B Neil Republican 47 3 Ohio 14 Charles P Wickham Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Charles P Wickham Republican 51 5 David L Wadsworth Democratic 48 5 Ohio 15 Charles H Grosvenor Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Charles H Grosvenor Republican 53 5 John P Spriggs Democratic 46 5 Ohio 16 Beriah Wilkins Democratic 1886 Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y James W Owens Democratic 55 2 Edwin L Lybarger Republican 44 8 Ohio 17 Joseph D Taylor Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph D Taylor Republican 56 9 William Lawrence Democratic 43 1 Ohio 18 William McKinley Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y William McKinley Republican 54 4 George P Ikirt Democratic 45 6 Ohio 19 Ezra B Taylor Republican 1880 s Incumbent re elected Y Ezra B Taylor Republican 67 5 Henry Apthorp Democratic 32 5 Ohio 20 George W Crouse Republican 1886 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Martin L Smyser Republican 52 9 Calvin P Humphrey Democratic 47 1 Ohio 21 Martin A Foran Democratic 1882 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Theodore E Burton Republican 50 8 Tom L Johnson Democratic 49 2 OregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates South Carolina 1 Samuel Dibble Democratic 1882 Incumbent re elected Y Samuel Dibble Democratic 86 7 S W McKinlay Republican 13 1 Others 0 2 South Carolina 2 George D Tillman Democratic 1878 Incumbent re elected Y George D Tillman Democratic 86 8 Seymour E Smith Republican 11 4 Others 1 8 South Carolina 3 James S Cothran Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y James S Cothran Democratic 99 8 Others 0 2 South Carolina 4 William H Perry Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y William H Perry Democratic 99 9 Others 0 1 South Carolina 5 John J Hemphill Democratic 1882 Incumbent re elected Y John J Hemphill Democratic 99 7 Others 0 3 South Carolina 6 George W Dargan Democratic 1882 Incumbent re elected Y George W Dargan Democratic 95 7 Others 4 3 South Carolina 7 William Elliott Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y William Elliott Democratic 54 1 Thomas E Miller Republican 45 4 Others 0 5 In the 7th district Elliott was initially declared re elected but Miller successfully challenged the election and was seated in his place in September 1890 TennesseeDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Tennessee 1 Roderick R Butler Republican 1886 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y Alfred A Taylor Republican 60 33 David P Wilcox Democratic 38 20 James M Pierce Prohibition 1 47 Tennessee 2 Leonidas C Houk Republican 1878 Incumbent re elected Y Leonidas C Houk Republican 68 80 Samuel G Heiskell Democratic 28 98 James A Ruble Prohibition 2 22 Tennessee 3 John R Neal Democratic 1884 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Henry C Evans Republican 49 99 Creed F Bates Democratic 49 22 M D Cone Prohibition 0 79 Tennessee 4 Benton McMillin Democratic 1878 Incumbent re elected Y Benton McMillin Democratic 61 62 Jonathan S Wooten Republican 38 38 Tennessee 5 James D Richardson Democratic 1884 Incumbent re elected Y James D Richardson Democratic 67 82 C H Shoffner Republican 32 19 Tennessee 6 Joseph E Washington Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph E Washington Democratic 57 20 William H Young Republican 38 26 Louis G Mumford Prohibition 4 54 Tennessee 7 Washington C Whitthorne Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Washington C Whitthorne Democratic 57 75 Robert A Haggard Republican 42 25 Tennessee 8 Benjamin A Enloe Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Benjamin A Enloe Democratic 54 72 Warren Smith Republican 45 28 Tennessee 9 Presley T Glass Democratic 1884 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y Rice A Pierce Democratic 62 96 J W Brown Republican 37 04 Tennessee 10 James Phelan Jr Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y James Phelan Jr Democratic 63 21 L B Eaton Republican 36 80 TexasUtah TerritorySee Non voting delegates below VermontDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Vermont 1 John W Stewart Republican 1882 Incumbent re elected Y John W Stewart Republican 70 2 Azro Meacham Democratic 28 6 Peter Dakin Prohibition 1 1 Vermont 2 William W Grout Republican 1880 1882 lost 1884 Incumbent re elected Y William W Grout Republican 71 2 George W Smith Democratic 27 6 Cyrus W Wyman Prohibition 1 2 VirginiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Virginia 1 Thomas H B Browne Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Thomas H B Browne Republican 50 7 Gilmer S Kendall Democratic 49 3 Virginia 2 George E Bowden Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y George E Bowden Republican 58 7 Richard C Marshall Democratic 40 6 Andrew Williams Republican 0 7 Virginia 3 George D Wise Democratic 1880 Incumbent re elected Y George D Wise Democratic 50 4 Edmund Waddill Jr Republican 49 6 Virginia 4 William E Gaines Republican 1886 Incumbent retired Republican hold Y John M Langston Republican 45 6 Edward C Venable Democratic 43 1 R W Arnold Republican 11 3 Virginia 5 John Robert Brown Republican 1886 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y Posey G Lester Democratic 52 5 John Blackwell Republican 47 5 Virginia 6 Samuel I Hopkins Labor 1886 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y Paul C Edmunds Democratic 55 6 Patrick H Caull Republican 43 8 Samuel T Hopkins Democratic 0 6 Virginia 7 Charles T O Ferrall Democratic 1882 contest Incumbent re elected Y Charles T O Ferrall Democratic 54 3 John E Roller Republican 45 0 John C Rivercombe Prohibition 0 7 Virginia 8 W H F Lee Democratic 1886 Incumbent re elected Y W H F Lee Democratic 51 8 Park Agnew Republican 48 0 Daniel J Hoge Independent 0 2 Virginia 9 Henry Bowen Republican 1886 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y John A Buchanan Democratic 50 7 Henry Bowen Republican 49 3 Virginia 10 Jacob Yost Republican 1886 Incumbent lost re election Democratic gain Y Henry St George Tucker III Democratic 51 0 Jacob Yost Republican 49 0 Washington TerritorySee Non voting delegates below West VirginiaDistrict Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates West Virginia 1 Nathan Goff Jr Republican 1882 Incumbent retired Democratic gain Y John O Pendleton Democratic 49 55 George W Atkinson Republican 49 49 Others B F Meyers Prohibition 0 54 John E Stealey Independent 0 43 Election successfully contested New member seated February 26 1890 Republican hold Y George W Atkinson Republican 50 06 John O Pendleton Democratic 49 94 West Virginia 2 William L Wilson Democratic 1882 Incumbent re elected Y William L Wilson Democratic 50 11 W H Flick Republican 49 19 Others Frank Burt Prohibition 0 46 S W Sturm Labor 0 24 West Virginia 3 Charles P Snyder Democratic 1883 special Incumbent retired Democratic hold Y John D Alderson Democratic 50 51 James H McGinnis Republican 46 44 W D Sanford Independent 2 24 C W Henson Prohibition 0 80 West Virginia 4 Charles E Hogg Democratic 1886 Incumbent lost renomination Democratic hold Y James M Jackson Democratic 49 65 Charles B Smith Republican 49 64 Others W M Weekley Independent 0 56 G W Hays Independent 0 15 Election successfully contested New member seated February 3 1890 Republican gain WisconsinWisconsin elected nine members of congress on Election Day November 6 1888 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Wisconsin 1 Lucien B Caswell Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Lucien B Caswell Republican 53 4 Joseph Doe Democratic 41 5 Stephen Faville Prohibition 5 0 Wisconsin 2 Richard W Guenther Republican 1886 Incumbent declined re nomination Democratic gain Y Charles Barwig Democratic 53 2 Edward C McFetridge Republican 43 8 O H Crowl Prohibition 2 6 Clark Hewitt Labor 0 3 Wisconsin 3 Robert M La Follette Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Robert M La Follette Republican 50 0 John B Parkinson Democratic 42 3 Thomas C Richmond Prohibition 7 0 C D Wooster Labor 0 8 Wisconsin 4 Henry Smith Union Labor 1886 Incumbent lost re election Republican gain Y Isaac W Van Schaick Republican 50 8 Henry Smith Dem Labor 47 3 Others John Schuler Socialist 1 2 George M Heckendorn Prohibition 0 7 Wisconsin 5 Thomas R Hudd Democratic 1886 special Incumbent lost re nomination Democratic hold Y George H Brickner Democratic 55 2 Gustav Kustermann Republican 41 5 Charles Hatch Labor 2 8 E M Dick Prohibition 0 6 Wisconsin 6 Charles B Clark Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Charles B Clark Republican 52 5 Charles W Felger Democratic 41 5 W S Sweet Prohibition 3 6 Peter A Griffith Labor 2 4 Wisconsin 7 Ormsby B Thomas Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Ormsby B Thomas Republican 53 5 Frank P Coburn Democratic 41 5 J H Mosely Prohibition 5 0 Wisconsin 8 Nils P Haugen Republican 1887 Incumbent re elected Y Nils P Haugen Republican 57 0 Samuel C Johnson Dem Labor 34 9 Charles Alexander Prohibition 7 8 Dan C Johnson Write in 0 2 Wisconsin 9 Isaac Stephenson Republican 1882 Incumbent declined re nomination Republican hold Y Myron H McCord Republican 50 5 H W Early Democratic 45 4 A C Merryman Prohibition 2 7 Others John F Moore Labor 1 1 F H Moore Write in 0 2 Wyoming TerritorySee Non voting delegates below Non voting delegatesDistrict Incumbent This race Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates Arizona Territory at large Idaho Territory at large Fred Dubois Republican 1886 Incumbent re elected Y Fred Dubois Republican 51 03 James H Hawley Democratic 39 89 Norman Buck North Idaho Annexation 9 08 Montana Territory at large Joseph K Toole Democratic 1884 Incumbent retired Republican gain Y Thomas H Carter Republican 56 20 William A Clark Democratic 43 39 New Mexico Territory at large Utah Territory at large Washington Territory at large Wyoming Territory at large Joseph M Carey Republican 1884 Incumbent re elected Y Joseph M Carey Republican 58 04 Caleb P Organ Democratic 41 97 See also1888 United States elections 1888 United States presidential election 1888 89 United States Senate elections 50th United States Congress 51st United States CongressNotesRegulars only not including Specials Includes the late elections of six new states that joined the union in 1889 and 1890 There are significant discrepancies between the party counts provided by Martis pp 142 43 and Dubin p 285 in regards to the 51st Congress mainly due to the fact that Martis counts the results of many later contested elections which were generally decided in favor of the challenging Republican candidate resulting in the unseating of a number of Democratic members Dubin records 169 Republicans and 161 Democrats on the first day of the 1st session of the 51st Congress Dubin reports 177 Republicans 154 Democrats and one Labor Party member at the start of the 2nd session of the 51st Congress figures that nearly match Martis numbers Including 2 Independent Republicans John Alexander Anderson elected to Kansas s 5th congressional district and Albert R Anderson to Iowa s 8th congressional district There was 1 labor member After a contested election Lewis P Featherstone of the Labor Party was declared the winner in Arkansas s 1st congressional district Greenback Party Elections held early Independent At large seat eliminated in redistricting Labor PartyReferencesMartis pp 142 143 Parish Follows Trend Local Voters Support Nixon Treen Johnston The St Charles Herald Hahnville Louisiana November 9 1972 p 1 Phillips Kevin P The Emerging Republican Majority pp 208 210 ISBN 9780691163246 State of Connecticut Elections Database Search Past Election Results State of Connecticut Elections Database Retrieved 2024 10 09 Dubin 1998 p 279 Dubin 1998 University of Minnesota Libraries Minnesota Historical Election Archive Minnesota Historical Election Archive Retrieved 2024 10 14 MS District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved 14 March 2021 MS District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved 14 March 2021 MS District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved 14 March 2021 MS District 04 Our Campaigns Retrieved 14 March 2021 MS District 05 Our Campaigns Retrieved 14 March 2021 MS District 06 Our Campaigns Retrieved 14 March 2021 MS District 07 Our Campaigns Retrieved 14 March 2021 Our Campaigns NE District 01 Race Nov 6 1888 www ourcampaigns com Retrieved 25 September 2021 Our Campaigns NE District 02 Race Nov 6 1888 www ourcampaigns com Retrieved 25 September 2021 Our Campaigns NE District 03 Race Nov 6 1888 www ourcampaigns com Retrieved 25 September 2021 Dubin 1998 p 282 Smith Joseph P ed 1898 History of the Republican Party in Ohio Vol I Chicago the Lewis Publishing Company pp 567 568 TN District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 04 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 05 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 06 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 07 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 08 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 09 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 TN District 10 Our Campaigns Retrieved 25 February 2021 VT Elections Database Vermont Election Results and Statistics VT Elections Database Retrieved 2024 08 29 Virginia Elections Database Virginia Election Results and Statistics Virginia Elections Database Retrieved 2024 09 02 WV District 01 Our Campaigns Retrieved 18 April 2021 WV District 01 Recount Our Campaigns Retrieved 18 April 2021 WV District 02 Our Campaigns Retrieved 18 April 2021 WV District 03 Our Campaigns Retrieved 18 April 2021 WV District 04 Our Campaigns Retrieved 18 April 2021 Wisconsin U S House Election Results PDF Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs Archived from the original PDF on April 5 2012 Retrieved November 19 2021 via Wayback Machine Timme Ernst G ed 1889 Biographical PDF The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin Report Madison Wisconsin State of Wisconsin pp 487 489 Retrieved November 21 2021 ID Territorial Delegate Our Campaigns Retrieved 4 April 2021 Our Campaigns MT Territorial Delegate Final Election Race Nov 06 1888 WY Territorial Delegate Our Campaigns Retrieved 11 April 2021 BibliographyDubin Michael J March 1 1998 United States Congressional Elections 1788 1997 The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses McFarland and Company ISBN 978 0786402830 Martis Kenneth C January 1 1989 The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress 1789 1989 Macmillan Publishing Company ISBN 978 0029201701 Moore John L ed 1994 Congressional Quarterly s Guide to U S Elections Third ed Congressional Quarterly Inc ISBN 978 0871879967 Party Divisions of the House of Representatives 1789 Present Office of the Historian House of United States House of Representatives Retrieved January 21 2015 External linksOffice of the Historian Office of Art amp Archives Office of the Clerk U S House of Representatives